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Fisheries and the Coastal Marine and Island Biodiversity of the Eritrean Red Rea

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Abstract
  • Eritreas Coastal Marine and Island area covers more than 121,000km2, include over 350 offshore islands and 1,350km of coastline (18% of the Red Sea continental coastline) not including the islands. The total coastal mainland population is 73,000, and only ten out of all the islands are inhabited with a total population of about 2,600 in 20 villages. The extensive coral reefs, sea grass meadows and mangroves support globally important biological diversity and maintain the ecological stability and productivity of the Coastal Marine and Island systems. Despite the limited research have been made on the sustainable fish resources and marine biodiversity ,this abundant marine resources has never been exploited for the last quarter of the century due to unstable political situation of the area and low level of technology. The existing estimated potential sustainable fish resources available is (MSY may reach up to 70- 80,000ton/year).Which is Pelagic fishes 55,000 ton/year ,Demersal fishes 10,000 ton /year, Coral fishes 8,000 ton /year, Sharks 5,000 ton /year, Shrimps 5,000 ton /year, Lobster & others 2,000 ton/year. Even though this is the potential maximum sustainable yield, yet now the catch is between 6- 10tons/year with the maximum recorded was in the year 2000 which is 13,000tons with the primitive and old traditional fishing boats. This low fishing activities and pristine marine environment creates a good opportunity to implement strong fisheries and coastal zone management policy on the coastal Marine and island areas of Eritreas waters and yet now two marine protected areas are declared.
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  • Afewerki, Yonas. 2010. Fisheries and the Coastal Marine and Island Biodiversity of the Eritrean Red Rea. In: Proceedings of the Fifteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, July 13-16, 2010, Montpellier, France: Economics of Fish Resources and Aquatic Ecosystems: Balancing Uses, Balancing Costs. Compiled by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, 2010.
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  • US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries Division, Agence Française de Développement, Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, Ministère de L’Alimentation de L’Agriculture et de la Pêche, Ministère de l’Énergie, du Développement Durable et de la Mer, La Région Languedoc Rouslilon, Département Hérault, Montpellier Agglomèration, The Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada, and AquaFish Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP).
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