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The Influence of Consumer Preferences on Aquaculture Technology and the Sustainability of Fisheries

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  • To keep pace with growing demand, wild fisheries are subject to high pressure since the mid-1970s. Meantime, aquaculture has been the fastest growing food industry since 1970. It has become a substantial source of food and is increasingly viewed as a solution to the lack of production of capture fisheries. This article analyzes the impact of aquaculture on wild fish stocks, taking into account two key components: (1) its dependence on reduction fisheries for the feeding of many farmed species; (2) consumer preferences. The model includes the demand side and three sectors: an edible fish fishery, a reduction fishery and the aquaculture sector. Focusing on the demand arising from wealthy populations, we assume consumer preferences are carnivorous species biased. This will in turn affect the productivity of the aquaculture sector: the more carnivorous the farmed species is, the more inefficient its breeding is. We show that for substitutable wild and farmed products, aquaculture alleviates pressure on wild edible stocks, postponing the income level for which collapse occurs. However, the choice of the farmed species entails a trade-off between the edible fishery and the reduction fishery which stems from the characteristics of the demand side. Therefore, we explore different scenarios likely to avoid such trade-off. We also analyze the dynamics of fish stocks, supplies and prices and find that accounting for the demand side leads to a stable equilibrium point wether the aquaculture sector is included to the model or not.
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  • Regnier, E. & K. Schubert. The Influence of Consumer Preferences on Aquaculture Technology and the Sustainability of Fisheries. Visible Possibilities: The Economics of Sustainable Fisheries, Aquaculture and Seafood Trade: Proceedings of the Sixteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 16-20, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Edited by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2012.
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  • AQUAFISH, USAID, NEPAD Planning and Coordination Agency, Norad, The World Bank, Hyatt Regency Dar es Salaam, NAAFE, World Wildlife Fund, United Nations University Fisheries Training Programme, ICEIDA, JICA, JIFRS, The European Association of Fisheries Economists, International Seafood Sustainability Foundation
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