Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Resistance of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) stocks and transferrin genotypes to bacterial kidney disease and vibriosis

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  • Juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) of different stocks and three transferrin genotypes (AA, AC, and CC), all reared in identical or similar environments, were experimentally infected with the causative agent of bacterial kidney disease (BKD) or Vibrio anguillarum. Mortality due to the pathogens was compared among stocks within a species and among transferrin genotypes within a stock to determine if there was a genetic basis for resistance to disease among stocks and transferrin genotypes. Differences in resistance to BKD among coho salmon stocks have a genetic basis. Stock susceptibility to vibriosis is strongly influenced by environmental factors. Coho salmon or steelhead trout of one stock may be resistant to one disease but susceptible to another. The importance of transferrin genotype of coho salmon in resistance to BKD is stock-specific; in those stocks which showed differential resistance of genotypes the AA was the most susceptible. No differences in resistance to vibriosis among transferrin genotypes were observed. To further verify that stock differences, both genetic and environmental, did exist, vertebral and lateral series scale numbers were compared among four steelhead trout stocks (Alsea, Siletz, Rogue, and North Santiam) reared in a common environment and at the hatchery of their origin. The four stocks are genetically different from each other with respect to vertebral and scale number in almost all cases. Differences between steelhead trout of the same stock reared at two localities were significant for vertebral but not scale number. Not all meristic differences between hatchery-reared stocks were significant.
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