Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Effect of Endothal and certain other selective herbicides on microbial activity in six different soils

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  • The effect of Endothal (3, 6-endoxyhexahydrophthalic acid), sodium pentachlorophenate (Na-PCP) and TD-47 (di-N, N-dimethylcocoamine salt of Endothal) on the microbial populations, ammonification, nitrification and respiration in six different soils was investigated. It was found that Endothal at 20 and 200 ppm had no adverse effect on the microbial population, ammonification, nitrification and respiration, whereas treatments with Na-PCP at 40 ppm and combined with Endothal were found to be suppressive. TD-47 at 100 ppm had a stimulatory effect on molds and bacteria in sandy soils. Microbial respiration was measured by three methods: continuous aeration, periodic aeration, and oxygen uptake by Warburg respirometers. Essentially, similar pattern of results were obtained from these methods. In sandy soils Endothal at 20, 200 and 2000 ppm had a bimodal inhibiting effect on oxygen uptake. Two bacteria and one fungus, capable of utilizing Endothal and TD-47 as a sole carbon source, were isolated, characterized and identified. Using four unialgal species to evaluate eight herbicides as potential algicides, it was found that Na-PCP, TD-47 and Diuron (3-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea) were most effective on Chlamydomonas reinhardti Dangeard, Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick, Anabaena cylindrica Lemmerman, and Nostoc muscorum Katz. Endothal was not significantly inhibitive.
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