Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The Processing and Microstructures of 309L Stainless Steel Clad onto Carbon Steel with Wire-fed Directed Energy Deposition

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/37720m408

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  • Directed energy deposition and laser cladding technologies are suitable advanced manufacturing techniques for applying corrosion-resistant claddings to large carbon steel components. In this work, we clad 309L stainless steel wire onto carbon steel substrates and examine the effects of cladding parameters (laser power and travel speed) on metallurgical bonding, composition, and microstructures. Processing defects correlate to either excessive (wire dripping) or insufficient heat input (cracking, wire stubbing, delamination). Both primary ferrite (FA) and primary austenite (AF, A) microstructures are present, but have unclear trends with heat input. A wide range of base metal dilution (1.7 – 45.6 %) is present across the mapped parameter space and heavy dilution causes the deviations from the predicted primary ferrite solidification behavior. Cladding a second layer with considerably less dilution (0 – 8.6 %) promotes primary ferrite solidification, decreasing solidification cracking susceptibility. Martensite forms in the heat-affected zone from the high cooling rates associated with laser processing. Subsequent laser passes temper the martensite and carbon diffuses from the substrate into the first cladding layer. Cladding two or more layers is beneficial for mitigating defects, lowering dilution, and producing a highly alloyed surface suitable for corrosion protection.
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  • Pending Publication
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  • 2022-06-09 to 2023-01-10

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