Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

NMR studies of CdF₂:Ga and CdF₂:Ga,Y

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  • Crystals of CdF₂:In and CdF₂:Ga reduced in a cadmium vapor exhibit unusual metastable properties that can be explained by a "negative U" model. This work uses NMR to investigate this model for CdF₂:Ga and CdF₂:Ga,Y and compare the results to optical measurements. Temperature dependent relaxation measurements were done on ¹¹³Cd in both crystals and on ¹⁹F for the CdF₂:Ga crystal. Activation energies of 140 (10) meV for ¹¹³Cd and 132 (10) meV for ¹⁹F were obtained from the temperature dependent measurements. The relaxation of ¹⁹F was attributed to the shallow donors while the ¹¹³Cd relaxation was attributed to the concentration of electrons in the conduction band. The energies from the cadmium measurements contradict optical measurements and question the validity of the negative-U model for CdF₂:Ga and CdF₂:Ga,Y. Additionally, field dependent measurements were done on both crystals. NMR of ⁶⁹Ga attempted to observe the presence of the impurity for reduced and unreduced crystals. The impurity was only seen in an unreduced crystal. Redacted for Privacy
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