Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The influence of diet and dieldrin on the growth and body composition of underyearling rainbow trout

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  • The effects of a sublethal concentration of dieldrin (0. 2 ppb) in the water on the growth and body composition of underyearling rainbow and cutthroat trout held in aquaria and fed different rations of tubificid worms or Oregon moist pellets were studied at Oak Creek Fisheries Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, during 1970 and 1971. These studies were concerned with: evaluating the nutritional status of some of the foods which had been fed in previous growth experiments conducted with fishes at Oak Creek Laboratories; determining the effects of a sublethal concentration of dieldrin on the growth rates of fish fed each diet; and considering the effects of the nutritional state of fish on their response to a dieldrin stress. An aqueous solution of dieldrin was obtained by passing water at a slow rate through a column made up of uniformly sized rocks previously coated with the pesticide. The water containing dieldrin was then diluted to the desired 0. 2 ppb by means of a series of distribution boxes and siphons before being introduced to 6 of the 12 experimental aquaria. In each experiment the food consumption rates, growth rates and gross food conversion efficiencies were calculated at three feeding levels for both control and dieldrin exposed fish. Growth rates, consumption rates and gross conversion efficiencies for protein were also calculated and accumulation rates were computed for fat. A nutritional comparison of the two diets under controlled conditions showed growth rates and gross food conversion efficiencies for fish fed Oregon moist pellets to be less than those for fish fed tubificid worms. The protein elaboration rates and gross protein conversion efficiencies were also higher in fish fed tubificids. Fat accumulation rates were higher in fish fed Oregon moist pellets at rations below those required for fat maintenance but higher in fish fed tubificids at rations above those required for fat maintenance. Trout fed tubificids and exposed to a dieldrinl stress showed a depression in growth rates and gross food conversion efficiencies at rations near and slightly above maintenance with the pesticide having no effect on pellet fed fish at these feeding levels. Exposure to dieldrin at high rations resulted in lower growth rates in fish fed pellets whereas the growth of fish fed high rations of tubificids appeared to be stimulated by dieldrin. The pesticide appeared to have no effect on gross protein conversion efficiencies and protein elaboration rates for both diets at all rations fed. Dieldrin, instead, influenced the growth of fish fed both diets by affecting their rates of loss or accumulation of fat. Dieldrin increased the rate of fat loss in fish fed tubificids; however, at rations above fat maintenance the pesticide increased fat accumulation rates in fish fed tubificid worms while decreasing fat accumulation rates in fish fed Oregon moist pellets. Differences in the nutritional states of the fish fed the two diets caused noticeable differences in their responses to a dieldrin stress, indicating diet as a possible factor in experimental outcome.
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