Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The treatment of criminal recidivism : corpus-based analyses

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/w3763g508

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  • The dehumanization of Black, Indigenous, people of color (BIPOC) and marginalized communities does not end once an individual is released from an institution. The dehumanization process is kept alive with ineffective community supervision and the stigma associated with an individual’s incarnation history. Evidence of this continual dehumanization process is reflected in the tens of millions of annual arrests in the U.S. Mass incarceration and dehumanization impinge on civil rights and perpetuate ongoing disparity and recidivism by the criminal justice system, as evidenced in the disproportionate number of racial and ethnic groups compared to the general population. The findings of these studies have the potential to assist helping professionals in two ways: (a) by providing a greater understanding of language and culture in clinical practices for individuals involved with the criminal justice system and (b) by determining recommendations for future targeted areas of research to address recidivism more effectively. There are two studies. The first used a corpus linguistic design to analyze the keyness and collocation of two recidivism prevention program manuals: the Cognitive Behavioral Interventions for Offenders Core Adult (CBI-CA) and Thinking for a Change (T4C). The level of measure for keyness and collocation were continuous and nominal. The unit of analysis was single words. The words occurring with greater frequency in CBI-CA were “module” and “success,” and the words with less frequency were “lesson” and “supplement.” The word network of the strongest positive keyword “module” in CBI-CA were “session” and “worksheet.” The strongest collocates of the word stem “crim*” in CBI-CA were “people” and “mental.” The strongest collocates of the word stem “crim*” T4C were “systems” and “justice.” The second study used Latent Dirichlet Allocation and topic modeling to identify the historical foci of the academic literature on recidivism. These topics were (a) legal framework and governance, (b) mental health and substance abuse interventions in correctional systems, (c) risk assessment and predictive factors in violent offenders, (d) gender disparities in the prison system, (e) criminal sentencing in sexual offense cases, and (f) behavioral experiments and interventions in correctional settings. The topics were grouped into half decades. A linear or quadratic regression model was selected depending on which best represented the trends by half-decade. The selection between models was made with the use of the Bayesian information criterion BIC. The data identified trends and the increase and decrease of research topics. The study identified gaps in the literature and the need for additional multiculturalism and social justice efforts. The study also highlights the need for increased trauma-informed practices, consideration for the social determinants of health, and clinical therapeutic interventions in the criminal justice system.
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