Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Evaluation of Low-Impact Development (LID) Treatment Train at OSU-Benton County Green Infrastructure Facility

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/wh2471292

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  • Urban stormwater runoff with a high impervious area can significantly impact pollution concentrations of receiving water bodies. The use of low impact development (LID), which mimics the hydrological properties of the site before development, has been studied in an increasing number of studies, and the available database has shown to reduce runoff volume and total pollution loads. However, the high variability of rainfall events still brings challenges to accurately characterizing stormwater quality at any given location, depending on many factors such as the land use, climate, pollution source, existing hydrologic controls, and type of discharge. Thus, characterization of reduction of pollution concentrations over time by the LID practice requires continual stormwater monitoring at the site. However, only a few studies evaluate the BMPs’ performance, especially those that may be sequentially connected into a treatment train system within the same catchment area. This study evaluates the hydrological and water quality performance of a LID stormwater treatment train system, which comprises of three BMPs operated in series at OSU-Benton County green infrastructure facility (OGSIR). Specifically, this work assesses the efficiency of using biochar and activated carbon (Rembind) filter media after a bioretention cell to remove heavy metals. The OGSIR facility captures runoff from a catchment area that contains high nutrient loads, particulate matter, heavy metals, and organic compounds. During this study, a total of six rainfall events of various sampling duration and intensity were monitored over a period of one year, and the collected flow-weighted composite samples were analyzed for the following water quality parameters: pH, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrite (NO2-), nitrate (NO3-), total nitrogen (T-N), total phosphorus (T-P), orthophosphate (reactive P), hardness, alkalinity, total copper (T Cu), dissolved copper (D Cu), total zinc (T Zn), and dissolved zinc (D Zn). Results indicate that overall treatment train efficiently removes more than 84% of TSS, for which bioretention cell contributes the most by reducing TSS pollution concentrations by 70%. LID bioretention cell generally contributed to increase in TDS (p = 0.007), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (p = 0.004) and orthophosphate (p < 0.001), which consequently resulted in the increase of mean pollution concentrations of these constituents at the system effluent. The Rembind filter media did not significantly contribute to the removal of analyzed constituents, whereas biochar showed greater removal efficiency of heavy metals after the treatment (27% T Cu, 7% D Cu, 18% D Zn).
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  • 17090003
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  • This study has been supported by Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP).
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