Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Comparison on the effectiveness of different chemical treatments of built-up broiler litter on broiler house environment and broiler performance

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  • The objectives in these four experiments were to observe the effectiveness of sodium bisulfate and clinoptilolite and different methods of application of sodium bisulfate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and Micro Aide® on atmospheric ammonia level in the broiler house and on broiler performance. The first experiment was conducted to determine the optimum effective level of the litter application of sodium bisulfate. Atmospheric ammonia at 4 weeks and litter moisture at 3 weeks treated-pens were significantly lower in sodium bisulfate (488 g/m²) than in the untreated control pens. However, broiler performance was not significantly affected with any treatment. Litter application of sodium bisulfate at 244 g/m² and 488 g/m² were comparable and better than the 122 g/m² and untreated control. In Experiments 2 and 3 comparisons of litter chemical treatments of liquid Micro Aid® (8.75 ml/L H₂O) applied at 0, 2, 4,and 6 weeks; granular Micro Aid® (0.5 mg/g of feed) fed continuously throughout the experiment, and litter application of ferrous sulfate (732 g/m²); clinoptilolite (2443 g/m²), sodium bisulfate (244 g/m²) and ferrous sulfate (732 g/m²) were made for 7 week periods. Ferrous sulfate-treated pens (732 g/m²) had significantly lower litter pH at 2, 4 and 6 weeks than untreated control and significantly lower atmospheric ammonia levels at 3 and 6 weeks than the clinoptilolite (2443 g/m²), sodium bisulfate (244 g/m²) and untreated control in the other experiment. In the fourth experiment, sodium bisulfate was applied twice (244 g/m²/application) at 0 and 4 weeks, sodium bisulfate applied once (488 g/m²) and ferrous sulfate applied once (732 g/m²) prior to the experiment. At 4 weeks mean body weights and feed conversion were significantly better with one sodium bisulfate application than the untreated control. At 7 weeks feed conversion (P<0.08) and male body weights (P<0.1) were slightly better in one sodium bisulfate application than in the untreated control while mortality was significantly lower in the untreated control pens. Most mortality occurred after 4 weeks and were due primarily to Sudden Death Syndrome. Atmospheric ammonia levels at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, weeks and litter pH levels at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks were significantly lower in pens with one application of sodium bisulfate than in pens untreated. Litter application of sodium bisulfate once (488 g/m²) seemed to be the best litter treatment in reducing atmospheric ammonia.
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file details UddinZaheer1991.pdf 2017-08-22 Pubblico Scaricare