In early May of 1969 a corn screening trial was established on the East Farm Experiment Station near Corvallis. The purpose of the trial was to determine the effectiveness and safety of a series of experimental herbicides.
All possible single crosses from three different maturity
groups of 27 selected parental genotypes of tall fescue were established
in a randomized block experiment to be evaluated in 1962 for
five agronomic characters: height, width and maturity per plant;
self -seed yield per plant; and forage yield per plant. For...
A study was conducted to compare the competitive
ability with weeds of the short-strawed Gaines variety
wheat and taller growing varieties under different fertility
levels at three experimental locations. The
experiments were designed so that the effects of
variety, nitrogen fertilization, and weed competition
could be evaluated. The interactions between...
Field and laboratory tests were carried out to investigate the
survival of the root-nodule bacterium, Rhizobium trifolii, when
inoculated onto seeds of the pasture legume subterranean clover,
(Trifolium subterraneum L.), in order to improve the nodulation
and establishment of this plant in acid soils.
Field experiments were carried out in...
A diallel cross consisting of ten parents was grown on the
Hyslop Agronomy Farm near Corvallis, Oregon, in order to obtain
estimates of the gene action contributing to yield and its components
in wheat. Gene action estimates were obtained by two methods of
diallel analysis and from narrow sense heritability...
Eight genotypes of tall fescue were selected from a plant
population consisting of 9000 individuals. Selection was based on
early maturity, self-sterility, seed and forage potential, and nutritive
value.
Parental clones, single cross, open pollinated, self pollinated
and polycross seeds were organized into a randomized block experiment
with five replications...
A study was made on the effect of CCC (2-chloroethyl)-trimethyl-ammonium
chloride), a plant growth retardant, on the RNA (ribonucleic
acid) content of wheat plants, It was found that the RNA content of
wheat leaves generally decreased with increasing levels of CCC up to
1x10⁻⁵M. Thereafter, the RNA content again increased...
Application of herbicides to the soil has become an important
factor in the production of row crops. Economic production
of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), an important row crop, requires
efficient methods of weed control.
Two experimental herbicides, 3-cyclohexyl-5,6-trimethylene
uracil (DP634) and 2-bromo-6't-butyl-o-acetotoluidide (CP32179),
had shown promise in sugar beet screening...
The effects of mechanical damage, insect infestation and
storage conditions on seed viability of spring wheat were studied by
three known tests, laboratory germination, greenhouse growth, and
tetrazolium staining, so that the relationship of these tests could be
discerned to facilitate seed testing work.
Mechanical damage was induced by threshing,...
The objectives of this study were (a) to measure the amount
of cross-pollination caused by three bee species at 10, 20 and 40
rods distance from a foreign pollen source, (b) to measure the effects
of bee species, planting pattern and season on broad sense heritability
estimates for seed yield...
Studies were conducted to determine the site of DCPA toxicity
on annual ryegrass. This was done by means of a technique which
used pyrex tubing and a vapor barrier to separate exposure of coleoptile
and roots of emerging grass seedlings to various concentrations of DCPA. Coleoptiles that emerged through treated...
Wheat is an important cereal crop in the Willamette Valley of
Oregon and the stiff-strawed, high yielding winter varieties are
the predominate types grown although spring varieties are not uncommon.
Because of the mild, often open winters; present in the
Willamette, it is not unusual to be able to seed...
A field study was conducted in the Willamette Valley near
Corvallis, Oregon, to determine the influence of seedling rate,
drill row spacing, grass association, and variety on the yield
of dry matter and quality (crude protein content and leafiness)
of alfalfa. Treatments included seeding rates of 7.5, 10, 15 and...
Information concerning the kinds and composition of phospholipids
in gymnosperm plants is negligible in the literature. Thus this
study was undertaken to provide background knowledge for future
comparative biochemical investigations. In this study, lipid was extracted
by chloroform and methanol, and washed with distilled water
to prevent the possible formation...
Atrazine, atratone and ametryne are asymmetric s-triazine
herbicides used pre- and post-emergence on many crops. Under
conditions unfavorable for microbial activity, these compounds
may persist in the soil for long periods of time.
This study was conducted to determine the influence of the
soil microflora upon atrazine, atratone and ametryne...
Studies were conducted to determine the site of 2-chloro
2', 6'-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl) acetanilide (CP 50144) toxicity on
barnyardgrass (Echinocloa crusgalli (L.) (Beauv.). This was done
by means of a technique which used separate layers of treated soil
to expose differentially the roots and/or the shoots of barnyardgrass
seedlings. Coleoptiles that emerged...
Growth chamber and field experiments were conducted to investigate
the effects of different temperature levels and durations on
floral induction and vegetative growth in orchardgrass. Propagules
of two clones, XLI-8 (clone R) and MID-5 (clone 0), from the synthetic
variety Pennlate, were used in all experiments.
Clone R plants were...
A field experiment was conducted to study the influence of cutting
treatments on the yield and quality of non-irrigated alfalfa in
western Oregon.
Spring clipping treatments included (1) not clipped, (2) clipped
when 6 inches high and (3) clipped when 12 inches high. The hay harvest
criteria were (1) near...
Studies were conducted to determine the variability existing in
repeated fluorescence tests of annual and perennial ryegrass
(Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne, respectively). Sources of
variation considered were within-sample error, among-sample
error, among-germinator error, and among-laboratory error.
These were studied independently and the variation in each was compared
to the...
The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of
heterosis in three complex traits in barley and to investigate the
concept of component interaction as a means of producing heterosis.
The complex traits were grain yield, total leaf area, and malting
quality.
Seven varieties of spring barley were...
Studies were conducted to verify the existence of IAA in wheat
seedlings and to determine the effect of (2-chloroethyl)-trimethyl-ammonium
chloride (CCC) on the IAA content of club wheat,
Triticum aestivum compactum, variety Omar. The shoots of CCC-treated
and untreated wheat plants were extracted with ethanol, the
plant extract purified, separated...
Field, greenhouse, growth chamber and laboratory experiments
evaluated factors affecting establishment, survival and production
of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) and alfalfa (Medicago
sativa L.)
Field studies investigated the effects of a barley companion
crop, seedling year harvest management and nitrogen and phosphorus
fertilization upon stands, survival and subsequent production...
A biochemical study of aging was conducted on mitochondria
from the embryo axes of germinating new and old soybean seeds.
Differential phosphorylative efficiency, an average P/O ratio of 3.03
of the new material compared to 1.44 of the old, was obtained when
all the co-factors and substrate were provided. No...
Annual cover crops are widely used in the Willamette Valley of Oregon on hill land, in orchards and on overflow river bottom land. Cover crops are grown to prevent soil erosion and to increase soil organic matter. The objectives of this study were to determine the crops that would be...
A study was conducted on German velvetgrass (Holcus mollis L.), a weedy, rhizomateous perennial grass introduced in the
United States in relatively recent years, The purpose of this study
was to learn more about its distribution, growth habits, and control
under conditions found in Western Oregon. German velvetgrass infestations of...
Seventeen parental clones were selected, from 9,000 plants,
on the basis of self-sterility, seed and forage yield potential using
phenotypic ratings, crude protein and chromogen content. The parental
clones were divided into two populations based on date of maturity.
Group I was intermediate in maturity and had nine parental
clones,...
Nine experiments were conducted during 1964 and 1965 to study
the methods of reproduction and mode of spread of sago pondweed
(Potamogeton pectinatus) in irrigation systems.
Frequent treatments of sago pondweed foliage with aromatic
solvent greatly reduced the number of tubers in the substratum of
an irrigation canal. However, complete...
Samples of Russet Burbank and Kennebec seed potatoes
used by Oregon growers were grown in replicated plots at
Klamath Falls, Prineville and Corvallis. Observations
were made of total yield, yield of U.S. No. 1 tubers and
number of stems produced per plot.
Total yields of the Russet Burbank variety were...
The single-cross and most F₂ progenies of 19 genotypes of
tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea, Schreb. ) were used to study the
breeding behavior of forage yield. Parental genotypes were selected
for high self-sterility, high chromogen and high crude protein. These
were studied in two groups of nine intermediate and ten...
Studies were conducted to determine the competitive ability of
medusahead, Taeniatherum asperum (Sim.), for nitrogen when grown in
association with perennial range grass species. The method used to
determine this competitive ability was to compare the dry weight,
percent nitrogen, and total nitrogen of medusahead and perennial
wheatgrass species growing...
Experiments were designed to reveal the accuracy and precision of
four types of automatic sampler prototypes after initial testing indicated
that the single tube vibrator sampler was not drawing a complete
cross section of the seed flow in a vertical column. These experiments
compared the automatic samplers with the trier...
Atrazine is an asymmetrical s-triazine herbicide used pre-
and post emergence for weed control in many crops. Triazine herbicides
have been used in the Pacific-Northwest for weed control in
orchard crops. Under certain conditions where trees were grown
in nutrient deficient areas, it was noted that toxic symptoms due to...
Sampling studies were conducted to compare the efficiency of the four officially recommended methods of sampling small seeds: automatic sampling--at two sampling speeds, hand sampling, Nobbe tier sampling, and stick trier sampling. Synthetic lots of orchard-grass, ryegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, and alfalfa seed were prepared containing known numbers of the common...
Atrazine is an asymmetrical s-triazine herbicide used pre- and
post-emergence for the control of weeds in many crops. Under conditions
considered unfavorable for microbial activity, atrazine may
persist in soils for extended periods of time. However, the significance
of chemical versus microbial degradation is not known.
This study was conducted...
Estimates of heritability and associations of tiller number,
seed number, seed weight, and seed yield were determined in two
groups of tall fescue. Group E was early maturing and had eight
parental clones, while group I was intermediate in maturity and had
nine parental clones. The parents and five progeny...
Studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of a
biological pollen barrier of rye, Secale cereale, in preventing out-crossing between Lolium multiflorum genotypes in each of the 300
crossing blocks established in this experiment.
Fluorescent tests of seeds of open-pollinated and single-crossed progeny of four annual ryegrass sources were used...
The seeds of Douglas fir, a representative of the gymnosperm
flora, were studied at six stages of germination to discern the structures
of food reserves and to study ultrastructural changes occurring
during germination in the embryo and resulting seedlings.
The materials were fixed in three fixatives, dehydrated with
ethanol series,...
The objective of this study was to investigate the low seed
germination of 12 varieties of Oregon grown monogerm sugar beet,
Beta vulgaris L., using several methods to determine the germination
potential. The methods were: (1) X-ray radiograph examination,
(2) standard laboratory germination following official rules,
(3) laboratory germination by...
Wheat is an important cereal crop in the Willamette Valley of
Oregon and the stiff-strawed, high-yielding varieties are the predominant
types grown. Observation of the effect of seeding rates
on the yield and yield components are useful in determining which
of the components contributes most to the yield of a...
Studies were conducted to establish some characters which
could be used, either in the field or in the laboratory, to differentiate
between annual ryegrass (Oregon), Lolium multiflorum Lam. , and
Linn perennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L.
Vernation, percentage of glumes covering the spikelets, and
height of seedlings seem to be...
In previous research, bromacil gave good performance when
it was applied in early fall with fairly dry soil conditions and before
the fall germinating weeds had started growth. On the other hand,
if bromacil was applied in late November, December, or January
on nearly saturated soil with weeds that had...
The successful agriculture of the United States is in part the
result of the productive effort of the agricultural experiment stations.
Students from different countries, throughout the world, have visited
the United States to learn and observe the programs of the various
experiment stations with the hope of being able...
Initial
establishment
of
legume
forage
crops
is
of
prime
importance
in
determining
future
forage
and
seed
production.
The
objective
of
this
study
was
to
determine
the
influence
of
herbicides,
phosphorus
fertilization,
and
seedbed
preparation
on
the
establishment
of
alfalfa
and
birdsfoot
trefoil.
Experiments
were
designed
to
study
the
influence
of...
A field experiment under irrigation was conducted at the
Hyslop Agronomy Farm, near Corvallis, Oregon, during the 1967
growing season to evaluate the effect of barley row spacing, nitrogen
rate and placement, and weed competition in the year of seeding upon
birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) seedling establishment.
The effect...
The use of CIPC (isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate) to
control dodder (Cuscuta spp.) in alfalfa is an established practice. A
rate of six pounds per acre applied to moist soil has given good dodder
control lasting from four to six weeks.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect...
The effect of heterozygosity on the phenotypic stabilities of six
morphological plant characteristics was studied in hybrid crosses of
two self-pollinated barley species Hordeum vulgare L., emend Lam.
and Hordeum distichum L., emend Lam. Experimental material
consisting of parents and their F₁ diallel progeny were grown at two
field locations...
Norbak, Dacagin, and Vistik, when mixed with a spray solution,
each have the unique property of increasing the viscosity of
that solution. This property has been used commercially for the
reduction of spray drift.
Studies were made of the drift control adjuvants to determine
the following: (1) the effect of...
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activity of Sindone (isomers of 1, 1-dimethyl-diisopropyl-indanyl ethyl ketone) under field conditions and to gain information regarding the rate of detoxification of Sindone in soil. A series of trials were established in sugar beet fields in California, Oregon, and Washington. Sindone...
Field and growth chamber studies were conducted to ascertain
the effects of some environmental factors on the persistence of viable
buried seed of Agrostis tenuis, Avena fatua, Lolium multiflorum,
Lolium perenne, and Poa annua.
Through the use of a population model, specific effects of environment
on parameters of viability and...
Some consideration has been given to the irrigation of winter
wheat in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. This important crop has
yielded quite well since the development and introduction of the
stiff-strawed, semi-dwarf wheats, but, because of the usually dry
early summers, it has been suggested that irrigation of winter...
Morphological changes in five clonally propagated genotypes
of Agrostis L. resulting from variations in environment were
studied in six natural environments extending from southern Oregon
to northern British Columbia. These same clones were also subjected
to four different cutting heights in turf plots. In addition to
the field experiments, they...
Studies of some components of test weight in Soft White wheat
revealed distinct subclass differences. Wheat kernels of Soft White
more completely occupied a given volume than did kernels of White
Club. The Soft White kernels were larger and had a higher density
than the White Club kernels. Because of...
Studies were conducted to determine the nature of the interaction
between atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylaminos-
triazine) and magnesium on tomatoes. This interaction was
studied under two light regimes: continuous light and a 12-hour
photoperiod. Tomato plants were grown in sand cultures at three
levels of magnesium fertilization. Four weeks after planting,
atrazine...
Herbicides were tested for the selective control of bentgrass in
Kentucky bluegrass turf under three levels of competition. Best control
in zero competition was obtained with a winter treatment of
bromacil at two pounds per acre. Under circumferential and direct
competition, best control was obtained with a summer and fall...
This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of four
methods of incorporating the herbicide trifluralin into the soil, and
to determine the interaction between depth of incorporation of trifluralin
and depth of weed seed germination.
Field experiments on green and dry peas were established in
Oregon and Idaho. Trifluralin,...
Six wheat hybrids from two sets of parents and their respective
parents were grown at Hyslop Agronomy Farm near Corvallis, Oregon
in the year 1965-66. The object of the experiment was to evaluate the
influence of population densities and different planting patterns on
grain yield and factors which determine grain...
Research was conducted to determine the distance and amount
of outcrossing between varieties of highly fluorescent annual ryegrass
(Lolium multiflorum Lam.) and low-fluorescing perennial
ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Studies were conducted under both
spaced-plant and seed production field conditions.
Fluorescence tests on seed collected from low-fluorescing
perennial ryegrass at successive...
The use of bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile)
to control broadleaf weeds in cereal crops has become widespread.
This herbicide has not always performed satisfactorily for reasons
which were not clearly evident.
The effects of temperature, light and humidity on the herbicidal
activity of bromoxynil on coast fiddleneck, Amsinckia intermedia,
were studied. Fiddleneck...
The influence of several fertilizer elements on the occurrence
of underdeveloped seeds in monogerm sugar beets (Beta vulgaris L.)
was studied. Lime (CaCO₃), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
fertilizer applications were made to sugar beet seed plots at two
locations in the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Seed produced from each
treatment was...
An experiment was conducted to determine the best method to
establish subterranean clover on medusahead infested ranges in
Western Oregon. Secondary objectives of this study were to determind
the effects of management treatments on (a) subterranean
clover density, (b) density of medusahead and other vegetation, and
(c) yield of subterranean...
The persistence of DCPA, trifluralin, diphenamid, diuron, and
prometryne was studied in three soils which were located at the Kula,
Poamoho, and Waimanalo Experiment Stations. The order of decreasing
persistency was diuron, prometryne, trifluralin, DCPA, and
diphenamid.
Diuron and prometryne activities were recorded for at least six
months and diuron...
Previous field research with terbacil (3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-
6-methyluracil) has shown that early fall applications to dry soil
performed better than did late fall or early winter applications to
wet soil. Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to determine
the effect of soil moisture content at time of application and the
effect...
The F₂ progeny from a diallel cross involving seven winter
wheat parents along with the parents were grown at the Hyslop
Agronomy Farm near Corvallis, Oregon to determine the influence
of three plant densities on gene action estimates for yield and its
primary components. The plant densities were designed to...
The influence of planting patterns and plant spacings on grain
yield in field corn (Zea mays) was studied at the Oregon State University
Botany and Plant Pathology Field Laboratory near Corvallis,
Oregon in 1969. Plant characteristics and yield components studied
included plant height, ear height, number of ears, ear weight...
Several studies were conducted to determine the influence of
various environmental factors on the toxicity of 2-tert.butylamino-
4-ethylamino-6-methylthio-s-triazirxe (Igran) to winter wheat.
The effect of temperature on Igran toxicity was studied by
growing wheat plants in pots submerged in water baths to control soil
temperature and in controlled-environment chambers. Igran...
Lateral diffusion of S-ethyl N-ethylthiocyclohexanecarbamate
(cycloate)¹ is essential for satisfactory weed control with injection
type incorporation in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris Linn.) production.
Previous field experience with injection incorporation has indicated
that sufficient lateral diffusion for satisfactory weed control has not
occurred under all field conditions. Researchers who have been...
The winter and summer growth of varieties of tall fescue
(Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) that had originated from the Mediterranean region (Oregon 1000 and Tunisia) and northern Europe (Alta)
were studied outdoors in the Mediterranean climate of western Oregon,
and in greenhouses and controlled environment chambers. Treatments
of temperature, photoperiod and...
Several studies were conducted to determine if a more consistent
predictor of phytotoxicity to winter oats could be obtained with a
surfactant-herbicide ratio or a per-unit-volume concentration of surfactant,
independent of volume. The herbicides tested were 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (dalapon), 1,1'-dimethyl-4, 4'-bipyridinium
(paraquat), and 3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil (terbacil) with
the nonionic surfactant X-77...
Studies were conducted on artificially infected susceptible and
resistant barley varieties in an attempt to determine the effect of
barley yellow dwarf virus on the growth and development of these
plants. A resistant and a susceptible variety were infected at four
stages of growth and harvested at two stages. Roots,...
Studies were conducted on the causes of low germination of
monogerm sugarbeet seed grown in western Oregon. Emphasis was
placed on the identification and measurement of endogenous inhibitors
as related to the germination and vigor. Both qualitative and quantitative
analytical methods were applied to examine the organic substances
in the...
Maturation rates of monogerm sugar beet seed grown in Western
Oregon were measured quantitatively to determine attainment of maximum
seed development and germination. Seed was collected at various
intervals after anthesis from two hybrid varieties representing the
extremes in resistance (hard bolting) and susceptibility (easy bolting)
to seedstalk development. The...
Previous research has shown that activated carbon is effective
in inactivating certain herbicides applied as a preemergence treatment.
Studies were conducted in the greenhouse to determine the
influence of various factors on the ability of activated carbon to
inactivate herbicides applied after carbon application. Field studies
were conducted to determine...