Despite an extensive literature on food-sharing, little attention has been given to the practice in the context of fish harvesting and consumption. We examine it as a possible, almost inadvertent, source of fishery management and we examine its role in trade. Our model is a simple general-equilibrium model of a small costal economy...
Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, held July 11-15, 2016 at Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Center (AECC), Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
This document provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session A3: Reformed CFP - Implications for Routes to Market. The session was chaired by Marcus Coleman, and the presentation was...
The Australian federal fisheries policy identifies maximising net economic returns as the primary objective of fisheries management. This has largely been interpreted as maximising the net economic yield (MEY) in fisheries. For multispecies fisheries, this has been based on maximising the net present value of total profit in the fishery...
This study compares and extends existing approaches to predict the location of fishing activities. Using data from Northeast U.S. Fisheries, we show that the traditional spatial representation of fishing activities leads to a severe misrepresentation of fishing grounds and effort. Predictions based on probability models outperform most of the simplified...
The U.S. Mid-Atlantic Golden Tilefish (Lopholatilus Chamaeleonticeps) fishery, under IFQ management, is required to undergo a review every 5 to 7 years to describe and analyze the changes that have taken place in the fishery since the IFQ implementation in 2009. Standardized performance metrics are used to evaluate performance, productivity...
After thirty years of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) in Europe, its limitations in relation to environmental and socio-economic aspects have been well-documented. The STEFC identified some reasons that contribute to poor socio-economic performance due to environmental factors (e.g. reduced TACs and quotas for several key stocks, scarcity of some...
The experimental determination of the impact of small pelagic purse seine fishing on the iconic African penguin was initiated by the South African Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in 2008. This has involved the plurennial closure of a 20 km radius area around four penguin breeding islands, alternating pairs...
This paper explores the optimal management strategies of two species with different life history traits. Here we consider a prey-predator relationship which may represent a resident species and an invasive species. They have different life history traits and interact by competing food and space and predation in the same ecosystem....
Overfishing has been cited as a major cause of sea bass population decline and recent scientific analyses have reinforced previous concerns of unsustainable fishing advising urgently for a substantial reduction in fishing mortality. For the first time, 2013, the ICES released an analytical advice on the status of the European...
Around the world, there are numerous examples of collaborative science -industry partnerships, which provide a bottom up approach to trawl gear development. Many have had better success in implementing selective gears as opposed to a top down approach where selective gears are enforced into legislation. On the other hand, such...
Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) is a relatively new tool for fisheries and aquaculture. Being part of the broader incentive- or market-based incentives, PES is a positive and voluntary incentive mechanism that compensates actors for increasing or maintaining the provision of ecosystem services. Our investigation considers potential and actual PES...
The seafood sector has been followed and presented through different data collected as for example by FAO over several years. Often these studies are globally and/or macro-oriented market and even though these studies clearly add insight and understanding they do not provide the details needed for assessing the different sectors...
In 2011, NOAA Fisheries implemented catch shares in the US west coast groundfish trawl fishery to benefit both fish and fishermen. Once these catch shares could be traded, well-capitalized organizations such as processors had an advantage over individual operators in that they could act quickly when shares become available on...
The most known Lake Victoria dagaa fishery (Rastrioneobola argentae) in Eastern and Southern countries of Sub-Saharan African region consists characterized by physical, quality and economical (PQE) losses along the supply chain. The survey was done on the PQE losses on Sun dried dagaa along the supply chain. Losses are at...
The Fisheries Research Agency launched the grand design of fishery resource management in Japan in 2009. In the grand design, 16 roles of fishery industry in Japan were categorized into five aspects including: (1) resource and environmental policy, (2) food policy, (3) industrial and economic policy, (4) local and community...
We develop a theoretical model to address the effects of different market structures on the ex-vessel prices and consequently how this would impact the risk-sharing mechanism for harvesters and processors in fisheries. We focus our research on two market structures, price-at-landing (PL) and post-season pricing (PS). PL market structure is...
Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, held July 11-15, 2016 at Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Center (AECC), Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Depleted fish stocks and habitat degradation associated with human activity, particularly fishing, are both the subject of increasing concern and research. Harvest control rules and no-take marine reserves are two management approaches regularly advocated as effective means of restoring depleted fish stocks and preventing fishery collapse. We incorporate these two...
A two-species bioeconomic model is analyzed, but in contrast to most similar models, there is no biological interaction between the species, only economic. The interaction takes place in the market where the quantity of either species may affect the price of the other. Both the sole-owner and the open access...
Price formation of fish in landing market was studied in Japan to examine price discounts of fish species regularly landed in small quantity. It is often told that buyers tend to offer low bidding prices for fish which have small landing amount in a day because handling and shipping costs...
This study examines price formation of the internationally traded salmon futures exchange. The results show that the futures market price provides the expected role of leading the spot market price. Further, the futures market is efficient but hindered by the presence of risk premium that biases the forecast ability. The...
Seabream is the most important farmed species in the Mediterranean region, and Spain is the largest market. A key question for this industry is to assess the way in which negotiation power is distributed along the value chain. Price transmission is studied by analyzing market integration between different levels of...
This study was conducted with the aim of modeling and forecasting the Indian shrimp export prices to the USA. Two major species mainly Black tiger (Penaeus monodon), white legged shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannmei) headless, shell on form, grade 16/20 were considered for the study. Published data on weekly price indicators of...
Two thirds of seafood consumed in EU is imported. The EU capture fisheries sector has been stable during the last few years but EU aquaculture has declined. The EU capture fish industry has its main challenges related to the supply of fish because of overfished stocks and extreme seasonality of...
The main objective of the PrimeFish project is to consolidate and improve the economic sustainability of European fisheries and aquaculture sectors. The achievement of this goal implies a good understanding of how the seafood market is impacted by the consumer behavior and how trends in product innovation evolve. PrimeFish works...
As part of PrimeFish project, the competitiveness of European fisheries and aquaculture will be analysed by examining the supply chain relations and regulation of selected value chains of five commoditised fish species within the EU: Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, cod, herring, sea bass and sea bream; as well as imported...
In the Pacific Northwest of the United States, hundreds of millions of dollars are spent annually to restore upland stream habitat for salmon populations listed under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Despite this sizable financial commitment to salmon population recovery, in practice, the restoration projects selected for implementation are often...
Pangas is a relatively new and fast growing fish species, which has shown great potential in the Bangladesh aquaculture sector. However, large output variability is observed from farm to farm and from different locations, which may indicate that production risk and inefficiency is a problem in pangas farming. This study...
In fisheries, as well as in other natural resource based industries, there is a difference between the concepts of profit and rent. The former is a basic indicator for gauging the business performance of firms and industries, and the latter is for the evaluation of the economic welfare contribution of...
This presentation provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session B3: Adapt, Improvise and Overcome - fishermen's responses to the LO. The session was chaired by Dr. Erik Lindebo...
An international conflict between pro- and anti-whaling countries has been a concern. While many Western countries condemn whaling, Japan conducts ‘research whaling’ under the special permission of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) along with Norway and Iceland, who also engage in commercial whaling. Especially Japan and Australia have been divided...
We suggest freshness as a critical factor in determining fishing trip duration. Using daily logbook data from a Japanese-based longline fishery, we find that prices are highly elastic with respect to the freshness of the product, with a 1% decrease in our freshness measure corresponding with a 3.85% decrease in...
Catch share management programs are designed to reduce overcapacity in fisheries through trading as efficient harvesters buy out their less efficient counterparts. Numerous studies have looked at either the ex-ante potential of catch shares management to reduce overcapacity in a fishery or the ex-post effects of implementing such a program,...
Scholars of natural resource systems increasingly refer to ‘governance’ as a crucial steering activity for sustainable management of natural resources. It is now common practice to speak of ‘ocean governance’, ‘coastal governance’, and ‘fisheries governance’. Within governance, sustainability and decentralization are two major factors that underpin the success of governance...
Fisheries are recognised to provide important contributions to the economy, through the creation of jobs, growth and GVA from both the catching sector and associated supply chain activities. They also provide social benefits, through individual well-being, contributions to strong communities, and knock-on benefits through supply chains. However, in national terms...
For decades, fishing was considered an area warranting public support policies, particularly its industrial segment. The sector continues to enjoy the support of international donors in addition to significant private overinvestment. Globally, catches of artisanal fisheries continue to grow while industrial fisheries decline since the mid 1990s. The latter are...
Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, held July 11-15, 2016 at Aberdeen Exhibition and Conference Center (AECC), Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Fish consumption in Mexico is considered low (around 12 kg per person per year) and non-homogeneously distributed across the country. One of the reasons for this situation is the scarcity of wholesale selling sites. In this context, the Mercado del Mar (MM), located in Guadalajara city, Jalisco, is the second...
This document provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session A2: Market Implications and Possible Solutions: Certification, Ethics and Social Responsibility. The session was chaired by Maarten Mens, and the...
This document provides a summary of a Parallel Session presentation held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The registration number and title of the session were 0302: Rethinking the Commons Problem: The Knowledge Externality and Technological Change. The session was organized by Dale Squires. The report includes...
The paper explores the characteristics of fishing industry and multi-goals pursued through the legal regimes and policies on Chinese fishing industry, and analyses some problems with the existing legal regimes on fishing.It is concluded:
(1) that fishing licensing system needs to be reformed under the theories of property law and...
Recreational fishing in the Gulf of Mexico has followed a familiar pattern to that observed in many commercial fisheries: fishing under regulated open access has promoted a “race to the fish” with cascades of shorter seasons, shrinking bag limits, and significant discards. These restrictions may have significant effects on angler...
Commercial fisheries rationalization has promoted economic benefits and accountability to annual catch limits, but most recreational fisheries are managed under regulated open access with relatively poor catch accounting, short and unpredictable seasons, and persistent overharvests. For many mixed-used fish species, recreational fishing represents over half of total fishing mortality. Yet...
Fishing is risky business. Managers and Fishermen therefore care not only about the average income, but also about its variation. In spite of its importance, little is known about the observed risk exposure of fishing firms and its determinants. We have obtained complete landing tickets data for a significant share...
Poverty issues cannot be underestimated in fish farmers' production as they influence farmers' attitudes towards risk. Despite the fact that there are studies on fish production risks, there is little or no study on fish farmers' poverty status and risk attitudes nexus in Nigeria. Hence, this study examined risk attitudes...
In Tanzania, the overall objective of the National Fisheries Policy is to develop a robust, competitive and efficient fisheries sector that contributes to food security, nutrition, growth of the national economy and improvement of the wellbeing of fisheries stakeholders. The overall goal of fisheries management is to produce sustainable biological,...
We describe the dynamics by which competing harvesters selectively target prime market-sized fish, without internalizing the externality of increasing targeting costs, as the abundance of prime fish decreases. Due to the increasing targeting costs for prime size, harvesters continually target the next-most-desirable size fish, gradually fishing down the size structure...
Notwithstanding the increasing use of area and seasonal closures to promote the sustainable use of coral reef fisheries, few studies have examined the socio-economic performance of these management strategies. This study describes small-scale fishermen's views regarding the biological and socioeconomic performance of these management tools off Puerto Rico. Our findings,...
Subsidies are most often discussed within global fora (such as the World Trade Organization) in terms of concerns over trade distortions, if some countries gain an unfair advantage, through their subsidies, over unsubsidized industry elsewhere. In fisheries, this concern is matched by an environmental argument – that fish stock depletion...
This document provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session A1: Market Challenges: Ethics and Social Responsibility. The session was chaired by Dr. Tom Pickerell, and the presentation was given...
This paper analyzes the equity consequences of different fishing quota distributions among artisanal fisher organizations. We develop a basic model to analyze optimal decisions with a collective fishing rights system. With this model as a conceptual framework, using a Theil index as a distributive measure, and employing optimization techniques we...
The world's fisheries are a critical piece of the world's food supply, providing an important source of protein for billions of people and employing millions in the process. From a human perspective, it is important that fish stocks around the globe be managed in ways that can continue to provide...
Salmon aquaculture is constrained by the proliferation of salmon lice, a natural seawater parasite that benefits from the agglomeration of production. The lice challenge currently costs the Norwegian salmon farming industry above 450 million USD per year (0.5 USD/kilo). Adjacent farms impose a contamination externality on each other, which they...
Modern fisheries and aquaculture value chains are diverse, often complex and dynamic, with men and women undertaking different and changing roles depending on culture, concerning resource access and control, mobility, type of technology involved, the extent of commercialisation, and the product involved (De Silva, 2011). Female roles in Sri Lankan...
This document provides a summary of a Special Session presentation held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The registration number and title of the session were 5024: Game Theory and Fisheries. The session was organized by Marko Lindroos. The report includes details of the proceedings of the...
This document provides a summary of a Special Session held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The registration number and title of the special session were 5300: Measuring and Managing Risk-taking and Safety in Commercial Fishing. The session was organized by Lisa Pfeiffer. The report includes details...
This document provides a summary of a Special Session held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The registration number and title of the special session were 5329: Sustainability of Fisheries and Aquaculture: the Multidisciplinary Approach as a Key for Success. The session was organized by Elisa Ravagnan....
Species diversification in aquaculture has been driven and influenced by various factors including consumer preference, technical innovations such as advances in artificial propagation, economies of scale, risk diversification, policy orientation, among others. Global aquaculture development in general has been associated with species diversification in terms of both increasing number of...
This study proposes three methods for technical efficiency (TE) estimation using three different fish stock proxy measures while applying the stochastic production frontier (SPF) approach. We apply these methods to two Vietnamese offshore fisheries, gillnet and hand-line, for which measures of stock abundance are unavailable. Based on the assumption of...
This paper considers social wellbeing in the context of three dimensions; material conditions, quality of life, and sustainability dimensions to explore the key factors that affect the wellbeing of fishers in the Western Region of Ghana using 119 respondents. The study first considers descriptive analysis to assess the correlation between...
This presentation provides a summary of a Special Session held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The registration number and title of the session were 5207: SUCCESS: Reinforcing the competitiveness of the seafood sector. The session was organized by Bertrand Le Gallic. The presentation includes details of...
The H2020 SUCCESS project aims at improving the competitiveness and economic sustainability of the European seafood sector. In accordance with the Call (BG-10-2014), SUCCESS will in particular identify "success stories", defined as innovative or alternative ways of running aquaculture and fisheries businesses. These exemplary cases will be reported during the...
When climate change alters the distribution of fish stocks, stocks that were previously owned by a single country can suddenly become shared between countries. Current models predict that in such cases, if no agreement on management is formed, stocks may be severely depleted. A similar problem arises when a new...
In this paper an unregulated, but not open-access, fishery is studied and it is analyzed how more modern fishing technology may be a mixed blessing not only for the fish abundance, but also for the rent. The model is formulated in section two where it is included a strategic interaction...
The fisheries supply chains integrate multiple and heterogeneous agents linked through commercial (buyer/seller) relationships. In a large and competitive trade market, every agent can choose his/her partners, but the functioning of the supply chain depends on the aggregation of every agent's decisions that configures the global network of relationships. In...
This document provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session B1: Experiences from Further Afield. The session was chaired by Professor Clara Ulrich, and the presentation was given by Gil...
The Alaska non-pollock multi-species catcher processor trawl fishery, referred to as the Amendment 80 fishery since 2008, is an endlessly fascinating subject from the perspective of an economist. A diverse group of companies and vessels, emphasizing different species mixes from a multi-species ecosystem, targets fish across the Eastern Bering Sea,...
The Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) fishery is one of the most valuable single species fishery in Oregon, with an average annual ex-vessel value of $45 million from 2004-2014. The fishery is managed using a "3-S" (minimum retention size, male retention only, season length) management paradigm. In addition, fleet capacity has...
Information on the total costs associated with various types of commercial fishing businesses is vital to evaluating the economic impact of fisheries regulations and management. However, obtaining reliable cost information can present a challenge. While NOAA’s Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) does collect variable (trip related) costs of fishing on...
Beam trawling on brown shrimp (Crangon crangon) is one of the most important fisheries for the German fleet. It is an open fishery without a defined quota. Indicators such as increased by-catch, a predominance of undersized shrimp in catches, and a high fishing mortality all suggest that improved gear selectivity...
The concept of shared value has been defined by Porter and Cramer as those policies and operating practices that enhance the competitiveness of a company while simultaneously advancing the economic and social conditions in the communities in which it operates. This concept guides a coordinated process of stakeholders' engagement to...
The declining price anomaly for sequential sales of identical commodities challenges auction theory which predicts constant prices within a day. Among hypotheses explaining the phenomenon stands the dual value of goods including a risk premium in early transactions. We consider that asymmetric bidder groups and shortage periods may also affect...
This paper measures the impact that the sanitary treatments aiming to reduce the abundance of sea lice Caligus rogercresseyi have on the unit production costs of Atlantic salmon fattening centers in Southern Chile. We make use of unique data that allows us to follow complete production cycles for a sample...
In 2014, developing countries were responsible for 56.5% of total value of seafood imported by the EU; however, their import value only grew 56% relative to 1999. During the same period, China, gained over 300% growth in this market. The EU’s General System of Preferences (GSP) scheme provides duty-free or...
Aquaculture has been the world's fastest growing food production technology in recent decades and the effects of its developments are felt in seafood markets worldwide. As a result, fishermen face an additional challenge that has the potential to impact their choice of whether to reduce participation, what species to target,...
Geographers and regional scientists have long recognized that "near things are more related than distant things." Ports located far from each other may compete through use of the same fishing grounds. We describe trends in competition in the Northeast U.S Sea Scallop Fishery using a Czekanowski Index over the past...
Spatial closures are a prominent tool for ecosystem-based management in commercial fisheries. The potential benefits of spatial closures in commercial fisheries have been discussed thoroughly in the literature; however, empirical estimates of the potential short-run costs incurred by the commercial fishing industry are relatively scarce. Spatial closures constrain the ability...
Economic impact assessment methodology was applied to UK fisheries data to better understand the implications of European Commission proposals for fishing for deep-sea stocks in the North-East Atlantic under the CFP. The aim was to assist the UK fishing industry and Government in evaluating the most effective options to manage...
By 2015 The European Common Fisheries Policy Reform includes a discard ban (landing obligation) in some fisheries and over the next few years all EU fisheries will be facing the discard ban restriction. This is one of the most significant changes of the Common Fishery Policy since 1983. In spite...
This study uses cross-sectional data collected from 320 fish farmers across four fish farming regions (Greater Accra, Volta, Ashanti and Western) in Ghana to evaluate the impact of Fish Farmers' Associations on their technical efficiency levels and yield. We considered the stochastic frontier technique to analyse the technical efficiency levels...
This presentation provides an overview of a keynote presentation given during a plenary session of the Industry and Policy Day held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The session was chaired by Hazel Curtis and the presentation was given by Ernesto Penas Lado.
Fishermen regularly argue that processors should pay them more; processors argue they can't afford to pay more. Fisherman are often skeptical of processors' arguments about what processors can afford to pay, and whether ex-vessel prices are "fair." Fishermen often argue that a significant drop in the "fishermen's share" of the...
Over a billion people on our planet suffer from a lack of food and another two billion have nutritional deficiencies. By 2050, global food production will need to increase by between 70 and 100 percent to feed a growing global population. Small-scale fisheries play a critical role in food security...
There are only three fundamental sources for increasing seafood supply: 1) better management and utilization of wild fish stocks, 2) aquaculture and 3) aquaculture-enhanced ‘wild’ fisheries. However, nearly all of the significant growth in global seafood harvest and international trade over the past three decades has, and in the future...
During the past three decades considerable changes have taken place within the Icelandic pelagic industry which, previously considered rather fragmented, is now a highly concentrated vertically integrated industry due to considerable consolidations of quotas. During this period, changes in the ecosystem around Iceland have also brought valuable pelagic species such...
Many fishermen diversify their income by fishing in more than one fishery which can significantly reduce year-to-year variation in income. However, opportunities to diversify have become more limited as access to fisheries has become more restricted. The implementation of catch share systems could further reduce diversification if those who remain...
Excess and over capacity are key management issues in global fisheries. These issues have also received widespread attention in the literature. Previous work on firm-level investment behavior in fisheries, both theoretical and empirical, typically assumes risk neutral and profit maximizing agents. While this work has led to a much better...
This presentation provides an overview of a Special Session presentation held at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The registration number and title of the special session were 5334: Improving Food Security and Reducing Poverty through Intra-regional Fish Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa. The session was organized and chaired...
In late 18th century Britain, Adam Smith was the most influential thinker and writer to offer policy advice on fishery subsidies. In The Wealth of Nations, Smith scoffed at the so-called white herring bounties. He used data from 1771-1781 to argue that the bounties had raised the price of locally-caught...
A major revision of the CFP for the period 2013-2022 was the introduction of a landing obligation (LO) of all fish caught. Contrary to f. ex. Norway, Iceland and the Faroe Islands the EU has conducted a regime where it was forbidden to keep fish below a certain size on...
This document provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session B2: Implementing the Landing Obligation in the Reformed CFP - Practical Challenges and Effects on Fishing Businesses - 2016 Story...
This document provides an overview of a presentation held during the Industry and Policy Day at the IIFET 2016 Scotland conference in July 2016. The presentation was part of Session B2: Implementing the Landing Obligation in the Reformed CFP - Practical Challenges and Effects on Fishing Businesses - 2016 Story...
Pole-and-line and hand-line tuna fisheries, hereafter referred to as one-by-one fisheries are believed to provide large social benefits to fishing communities. Unlike industrial high seas fishing, large numbers of fishing vessels are involved - engaging many people from coastal communities. In the unique case of the Maldives, where fishing communities...
In a non-cooperative fishing game of two players, one single player must be sufficiently dominant in order to have an incentive to conserve the stock. Maximum growth rate of fish stocks could often be too low in order to provide a conservation incentive for a dominant player. The fish catch...
European fisheries activities are subject to a hierarchy of regulatory authorities. This raises questions regarding the implications of strategic interaction between different authority levels concerning the regulation of these activities. We apply a bio-economic objective function where fishers and regulators have environmental, economic and social preferences, and where fishers are...
As the Scottish enlightenment has taught us, it is vitally important to think for ourselves rather than believing what we are told. Here, we question the basic principles of fisheries managements. We ask if the hypothesis of capacity maximization - a race to boats - could be considered instead of...
This paper traces the rise and fall of, in its day, one of the most important fisheries in the world. The fishery exhibits the impact of changes in demand and supply brought about by technological advance in three noticeable shocks. Fishing is said to have commenced in 495AD. So prolific...
The fish auction markets have proven important in the development of the Icelandic fish industry from the time of their establishment in Iceland in 1987, evening out short run catch variations, allowing for specialization and contributing to increased value creation in the value chain for fish and fish products. This...
The paper will focus on the Northern Adriatic Smoot clams (Callista chione) fishery, called in Italy "fasolari". The Italian production of "fasolari" takes place mainly in Friuli and Veneto regions, located in the Northern Adriatic area. Here the system (based on a co-management approach) is a very good example of...