This study shows how patronage framed and fashioned the careers of Thomas Hobbes and
his patron William Cavendish, the earl of Newcastle. Newcastle's protection allowed
Hobbes to articulate heterodox ideas without immediate fear of reprisal. It also enabled
him to solidify his status as a gentleman and the intellectual equal...
A simple theory is presented for steady geostrophic circulation of a stratified fluid in a rectangular basin with a circumpolar connection. The interior flow obeys the β-plane Sverdrup vorticity balance, and the circulation is closed by geostrophic boundary currents. The circulation is forced by surface thermal gradients and wind-driven Ekman...
Discusses what land use practices can impact riparian areas and the techniques landowners, volunteers, and professional resource managers can use to improve and protect riparian function.
Examines the eating habits of cows, sheep, horses, and goats, and explores how forage selection, pugging, trampling, and fencing contribute to a pasture's health and sustainability.
What value does federal designation add to open space resources that are not all federally owned and managed? Over the years the federal government, under the auspices of the National Park Service and USDA Forest Service, has designated trails across the United States as National Recreation Trails. A survey of...
Phenoxy herbicides include 2,4-D, MCPA, Crossbow, Banvel,
Garlon, Weed-B-Gone, and Brush Killer. They also are the active
ingredient (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2-methyl 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, triclopyr, or dicamba) in “weed and feed” and brush control products for use in the home landscape.
Models of magnetic and gravity anomalies along two E-W transects offshore central Oregon, one of which is coincident with a detailed velocity model, provide quantitative limits on the structure of the subducting oceanic crust and the crystalline backstop. The models indicate that the backstop-forming western edge of the Siletz terrane,...
A mesoscale atmospheric model is used to address the characteristics of stratified flow bounded by a side
wall along a varying coastline. Initial Froude number values are varied through alteration of marine inversion
strength, permitting examination of supercritical, subcritical, and transcritical flow regimes encountering several
coastal configurations. Consistent with shallow...
The diffusivity dependence of internal boundary layers in solutions of the continuously stratified, diffusive
thermocline equations is revisited. If a solution exists that approaches a two-layer solution of the ideal thermocline
equations in the limit of small vertical diffusivity kᵥ, it must contain an internal boundary layer that collapses
to...
This report discusses data collected in the Yaquina Estuary from July 1976 through December 1977 at 6-8 week intervals. Also summarized are recording salinometer, runoff and precipitation data from September 1967 through July 1968. Station names and locations for the 76-77 field data are shown in Figure 1. Figure 2...
Published as EC 1281 January 1989. Reprinted as 4-H 92153 July 1999. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised July 1999. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
This book is offered to youth leaders and teachers as a tool to help young learners discover some of the wonders that the sea has to offer. It is also a tool for youth development. The goal of youth programming is to provide developmentally appropriate opportunities for young people to...
The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and Institut Francais Pour la Recherche et l’Exploitation de la Mer European Remote-Sensing Satellite, named IFR2, surface wind velocity data products are compared during July 1995 over the Arabian Sea. Substantial differences were found. The central positions of the maximum isotach were...
Curly dock (Rumex crispus L.) is a perennial. It does
not have creeping roots or rhizomes (Figure 1). Leaves
are oblong to nearly lanceshaped, often 12 inches or more
long, with wavy (crisped) margins (Figure 2). Erect, generally
unbranched stems up to 5 feet tall are produced in spring
and...
The objective of this series is to help improve the competitiveness of
Oregon’s wood products manufacturers. This can be achieved by fostering a companywide focus on and dedication to continuous quality improvement.
W. Edwards Deming (1982) described the “chain reaction of quality.”
1. Quality is improved.
2. Costs decrease due...
The goal for Part 2 is to build management understanding and
confidence in SPC as a profit-making tool. It is unreasonable to expect
managers to commit to and support SPC training and implementation
if they do not understand what SPC is and how and why it works. This
publication discusses...
Walleye pollock and sablefish, as 0+ yr juveniles, are pelagic particulate feeding planktivores. We conducted a series of laboratory experiments to determine how illumination influences prey consumption in these species, utilizing live Artemia sp. as prey. Both juvenile walleye pollock and sablefish were characterized by a sigmoidal relationship between the...
Most expressions for infiltration rely upon the assumption of vertical uniformity in soil texture and hydraulic properties. We present an extension of the results of Beven [1982, 1984] for infiltration and lateral flow in soils with decreasing permeability with depth. Unlike Beven, we base the derivations upon joint changes in...
High-quality forages, such as alfalfa and grasses, are important for efficient milk production from dairy cows. Forages provide the effective fiber that is critical for good health and longevity. Inadequate
effective fiber in the cow’s diet is one reason for acidosis and milk fat
depression. Historically, when forage quality changed,...
A high-resolution upper-ocean survey of a cyclonic jet meander and an adjacent cyclonic eddy in the California Current region near 38°N, 126°W was conducted as part of the summer of 1993 Eastern Boundary Currents program. Temperature and salinity were measured from a SeaSoar vehicle, and velocity was measured by shipboard...
Measurements of a fresh surface anomaly (fresh lens) produced by rainfall during a westerly wind burst have been analyzed. The measurements were made in December 1992 as part of the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment in the western equatorial Pacific (2°S, 156°E). Measurements included radar estimates of rainfall, upper-ocean temperature (T),...
Published April 1999. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. or Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot, also called Italian rye grass) is a cool season annual bunchgrass native to southern Europe. It is closely related to perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Both are widely distributed throughout the world, including North and South America,...
Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is native to western and central Europe, but has been grown in North America for more than 200 years. In the 1830s, settlers in western
Virginia recognized the forage value of shade tolerant
D. glomerata plants growing in an orchard.
Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is a perennial, cool-season bunchgrass that is grown for pasture, hay, and silage. Native to Europe and North Africa, it was introduced from Europe to North and South America.
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), also called English ryegrass, is a cool-season perennial bunchgrass native to Europe, temperate Asia, and North Africa. It is widely distributed throughout the world, including North and South America, Europe, New Zealand, and Australia.
A mechanism by which long planetary waves in the ocean may propagate significantly faster than the classical long baroclinic Rossby waves is investigated. The mechanism depends on the poleward thickening of intermediate density layers and the concomitant thinning of near-surface and deep layers. These features of the mass distribution are...
The hydrography in the central and east basins of the Bransfield Strait is examined using data collected along a track 340 km long through the strait in November 1995, in conjunction with historical data from the NODC database. Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) was seen throughout most of the central basin...
Clark is a hazelnut selection developed by Oregon State University.
Trees of this genotype are about 30 percent smaller than ‘Barcelona’ yet
have comparable yields to ‘Barcelona.’ This selection has good quantitative resistance to eastern filbert blight (EFB).
Harvest is 7–10 days earlier than‘Barcelona’ and nuts are free-husking.
Nuts have...
This article describes the results of numerical experiments carried out with a general circulation ocean model to investigate the effect of the seasonal cycle of the wind forcing on the Agulhas transport. Two cases are described. The first was initialized with temperature and salinity values obtained by horizontally averaging Levitus...
The vertical structure of coastal-trapped disturbances in several idealized models of a stably stratified lower atmosphere is examined. The vertical structure and phase speeds of the trapped modes depend on the resting stratification and the height of the orographic step. The presence of a stable layer above the boundary layer...
The distributed-microstructure model for the flow of single phase
fluid in a partially fissured composite medium due to Douglas-Peszyńska-Showalter [12] is extended to a quasi-linear version. This model contains the
geometry of the local cells distributed throughout the medium, the flux exchange
across their intricate interface with the imbedded fissure...
The extent to which parent trees within breeding zones of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) are locally adapted to their native environments was evaluated. Forty families from each of one Coastal and one Cascade breeding population in Oregon were assessed for cold hardiness and growth phenology, and...
The response of the upper ocean to westerly wind forcing in the western equatorial Pacific was modeled by means of large-eddy simulation for the purpose of comparison with concurrent microstructure observations. The model was initialized using currents and hydrography measured during the Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (COARE) and forced using...
This article examines how collection development and acquisitions librarians can best adapt their policies and procedures to face the challenges of selecting and providing access to electronic journals. It emphasizes the necessary changes librarians should consider in their collection development policies, provides an overview of the benefits and disadvantages of...
In the Sierra Nevada, distributions of forest tree species are largely controlled by the soil-moisture balance. Changes in temperature or precipitation as a result of increased greenhouse gas concentrations could lead to changes in species distributions. In addition, climatic change could increase the frequency and severity of wildfires. We used...
In the Sierra Nevada, distributions of forest tree
species are largely controlled by the soil-moisture
balance. Changes in temperature or precipitation as
a result of increased greenhouse gas concentrations
could lead to changes in species distributions. In
addition, climatic change could increase the frequency
and severity of wildfires. We used...
The location of the Antarctic Polar Front (PF) was mapped over a 7-year period (1987-1993) within images of satellite-deprived sea surface temperature. The mean path of the PF is strongly steered by the topographic features of the Southern Ocean. The topography places vorticity constraints on the dynamics of the PF...
We characterized the structure and composition of unmanaged riparian forests in three river basins in Oregon’s coastal mountains. Our objective was to evaluate stand attributes at three spatial scales: streamside (site), drainage network (stream order), and basin (subregion). Data on basal area, species composition, snag density, canopy cover, and tree...
Alternatives to clear-cutting are being implemented to increase biodiversity of managed forests in the Pacific Northwest. Lichens are an integral component of old growth, but lichen biomass develops slowly in forests. We evaluated the long-term potential of live tree retention for lichen conservation in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) forests....
Traditionally, winemakers have relied upon 'spontaneous' malolactic fermentation (MLF) from indigenous species which may take weeks or months to go to completion depending upon the wine and the cellar conditions. Control of MLF has increased with the development of pure MLF bacterial starter cultures. Pure cultures started from slants generally...
COPE Program bibliography fiscal years 1987-1998. Document taken from Annual Report Oct.1, 1997-Jan.31, 1999 & bibliography. Coastal Oregon Productivity Enhancement Program (COPE). p.128-154
Increasing ecological awareness led to the conceptualization and implementation of sustainable production systems such as Integrated Production. Integrated Production (IP) aims at achieving optimum yields of high quality fruit utilizing environmentally safe procedures. Priority is given to the utilization and enhancement of natural regulating processes and to the reduction of...
Stuck and slow fermentations are a major concern of winemakers. If the levels of fermentable nitrogen in juice are too low, fermentations will be slower and may stop or 'stick' before all the fermentable sugar is utilized by the yeast. Sluggish and stuck fermentations are also sometimes accompanied by production...
A broad range of factors influence wine grape quality and manipulation of these factors has stimulated interest among grape growers, wine makers, and research scientists alike. One such factor affecting wine grape quality is crop level, particularly for Pinot noir. Since the capacity of a vine to ripen fruit depends...
The physical interpretation of simultaneous multiangle observations represents a relatively new approach to remote
sensing of terrestrial geophysical and biophysical parameters. Multiangle measurements enable retrieval of physical scene
characteristics, such as aerosol type, cloud morphology and height, and land cover (e.g., vegetation canopy type), providing
improved albedo accuracies as well...
Meanders of the shelf break front in the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB) during April and May of 1997 were associated with chlorophyll enhancement along a hydrographic and a topographic feature. The hydrographic feature was the surface outcrop of the front, which ranged from ~10 to >100 km seaward of the shelf...
Heartwood durability of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii) was studied as a function of vertical and radial position in boles of trees with a wide range of leaf area/sapwood area ratios. Six 34- year-old trees were harvested from each of three plots established 14 years before: very dense,...
Seedlings of western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex. D. Don), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) were transplanted into soils with low and high levels of available NO3 – (and total N). Current-year foliage was sampled after 10 weeks to determine the effect of...
The interactive impact of overstory canopy closure, understory brush control, and simulated white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann) herbivory (i.e., clipping) on growth and survival of underplanted white pine (Pinus strobus L.) seedlings was examined. Clipping was conducted in April 1996 and 1997 at three intensities (control, 0% previous year’s growth...
The quality of lumber and veneer recovered from logs of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) is directly influenced by the maximum limb size attained on the crop tree. Because limb sizes are influenced by standdensity regimes, a need has arisen for quantitative tools that link a wide array of silvicultural...
Associations between the golden metallic beetle, Buprestis aurulenta L., and wood-destroying fungi were explored with adult beetles collected from log decks. A variety of fungi were isolated from the beetle bodies by four methods. A total of 863 isolations were made from 59 females and 21 males. There was no...
An improved bound is obtained for the radius of the semicircle in the complex plane containing the complex phase speed of baroclinically unstable plane wave disturbances. In the limit of long waves, this bound contains a term increasing with β and decreasing with the mean stratification (i.e., decreasing with the...
Revised January 1999. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Concentrations of 14 chemical elements (Al, B, C, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, N, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Zn) were measured in wood and bark of 126 sample trees representing different stages of decomposition in three major tree species of northwestern Russia: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), Norway spruce (Picea...
This publication provides information on the timing and pattern of biomass accumulation and nitrogen (N) uptake for a variety of Pacific Northwest crops. You can use this information to schedule N fertilizer applications for maximum efficiency. To achieve near-maximum crop yields, an adequate supply of available N must be present...
Published January 1999. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1999. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Forest management problems with even-flow and adjacency considerations are difficult to solve optimally. A heuristic search intensification process, which uses two types of decision procedures, changes to single-decision choices (1-opt moves) and changes to two-decision choices simultaneously (2-opt moves), was used in an attempt to locate feasible and efficient solutions...
Although ecosystem management techniques are designed to enhance species diversity in managed forests, no comprehensive study has been conducted to evaluate effects of such techniques on diversity and productivity of hypogeous fungi (truffles). During this study, truffles were collected in a 55- to 65-year-old Douglas-fir forest from March 1993 through...
The current spruce bark beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby) epidemic in interior Alaska is leaving large expanses of dead spruce with little spruce regeneration. Many of these areas are habitat for moose (Alces alces). To establish spruce regeneration and improve browse production for moose, paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh), willow (Salix...
This program explains that urban water pollution comes from a number of common sources, such as automobiles, lawn and garden fertilizer, and pet waste, and explores ways in which citizens can minimize their contribution to such pollution.
Motivated by satellite altimeter observations of enhanced sea level variability near steep topographic slopes in the Southern Ocean, effects of topography on the spatial distribution of mesoscale eddies and on eddy–mean flow interaction are investigated using a two-layer, wind-forced, quasigeostrophic channel model. The principal topography, a zonal ridge with a...
Some academic libraries no longer assign subject headings to bibliographic records for dissertations, but have not evaluated the impact this might have on dissertation usage. In this study, bibliographic and circulation records for a sample of 248 academic dissertations were examined to determine the effect of controlled subject headings in...
The evolution of the covariance of two tracers involves a quantity called codissipation, proportional to the covariance of the gradients of the two tracers, and analogous to the dissipation of tracer variance. The evolution of the variance of a composite tracer—a linear combination of two simple, primary tracers—depends on the“composite...
It can be difficult to talk to an older family member or friend about their driving safety or to know what to do if an unsafe driver continues to drive. If you’re older, at some point you yourself may face a decision to limit when or where you drive or...
According to the Operations Research Society of America, “Operations
research is concerned with scientifically deciding how to best design and
operate man-machine systems, usually under conditions requiring the allocation of scarce resources.” This publication is the first in a series describing operations research (OR) techniques that can help forest products...
A key problem faced by managers is how to allocate scarce resources
among activities or projects. Linear programming, or LP, is a method of
allocating resources in an optimal way. It is one of the most widely used operations research (OR) tools. It has been used successfully as a decision...
A key problem faced by managers is how to allocate scarce resources among activities or projects. Linear programming, or LP, is a method of
allocating resources in an optimal way. It is one of the most widely used operations research (OR) tools. It has been used successfully as a decision...
The use of dimensionless scaling is ubiquitous to hydrodynamic analysis, providing a powerful method of extending limited experimetnal results and generalizing theories. Miller and Miller [1956] contributed a scaling framework for immiscible fluid flow through porous media that relied on consistency of the contact angle between systems to be compared....
Accurate irrigation scheduling maximizes the
benefits of irrigation while minimizing potential
negative impacts of over-irrigation or under irrigation.
It is hypothesized that the circulation of the tropical Pacific Ocean and atmosphere satisfies the equations of a simple coupled model to within errors having specified covariances, and that the Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean array (TAO) measures the circulation to within errors also having specified covariances. This hypothesis is tested by finding...
Published July 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog\
Published July 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog\
Published July 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog\
Published as HE 2-125T January 1989. Reprinted as 4-H 92156L July 1998. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Research was undertaken to examine the influence of light intensity on the shoaling behavior, activity and anti-predator behavior of juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma. Under a 12 h light/12 h dark photoperiod, juveniles displayed a diurnal shoaling and activity pattern, characterized by fish swimming in cohesive groups during the day,...
Fire suppression has increased fuel loads and fuel continuity in mixed-conifer ecosystems, resulting in forest structures
that are vulnerable to catastrophic fire. This paper models fire behaviour in a mixed-conifer forest and investigates how
silvicultural and fuels treatments affect potential fire behaviour. The computer program FARSITE was used to spatially...
The authors have used a spectral, primitive equation mechanistic model of the stratosphere and mesosphere
to simulate observed stratospheric flow through the winters of 1991–92 and 1994–95 by forcing the model at
100 hPa with observed geopotential height. The authors assess the model’s performance quantitatively by
comparing the simulations with...
Model studies of two-dimensional, time-dependent, wind-forced, stratified downwelling circulation on the continental shelf have shown that the near-bottom offshore flow can develop time- and space-dependent fluctuations involving spatially periodic separation and reattachment of the bottom boundary layer and accompanying recirculation cells. Based primarily on the observation that the potential vorticity...
Observations of annual growth and size and color of leaves and fruit are helpful in determining fertilizer needs. In addition, leaf analysis
indicates which elements are present in adequate, deficient, or excessive amounts. Soil analysis is useful in predicting the need for lime applications. Suspect a nutrient deficiency if poor...