Stem sinuosity is thought to negatively impact wood quality, but no studies have characterized its vertical and radial effects on wood properties. Here we study wood quality along the entire stem in 25-year-old plantation grown Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees (32 trees total) that had been scored...
Continuous records of upper water column (0–150 m) temperature profiles, spectral distribution of downwelling irradiance, and phytoplankton solar-induced fluorescence at 25 m depth were obtained during the inaugural deployment of the Hawaii Air-sea Logging Experiment, A Long-term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment (HALE ALOHA) mooring, near the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) Station...
The magnitude, seasonality, and duration of peak discharge responses to forest removal and regrowth and roads in 10 pairs of experimental basins in the western Cascade Range of Oregon are consistent with fundamental water balance and routing concepts in hydrology. Hypothesized effects of forestry treatments on evapotranspiration, cloud water interception,...
Alfalfa is capable of producing high yields of forage when grown on deep, well-drained soils. Good management practices are essential if optimum fertilizer responses are to be realized. These practices include use of recommended varieties, selection of adapted soils, weed control, disease and insect control, good seedbed preparation, proper inoculation...
Few studies have examined the own-price elasticity of Canadian softwood lumber supply or output-adjusted factor demand elasticities over the past two decades, despite the utility of these measures in understanding producer response to tariffs, to market shifts (such as the decline in U.S. public harvest), and to changes in domestic...
Revised April 1983. Reprinted January 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Alfalfa is capable of producing high yields of forage when grown on deep, well-drained soils. Good management practices are essential if optimum fertilizer responses are to be realized. These practices include use of recommended varieties, selection of adapted soils, weed control, disease and insect control, good seedbed preparation, proper inoculation...
Subject reference librarians at OSU create subject guides to assist library patrons to locate pertinent sources on their own. These guides direct patrons to information in a variety of formats, including books, series, and journals, but often lack Internet resources. The original intent of the CAMEL Project was to set...
This is an exhibit made by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife to the Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission for the November 17, 2000 meeting. Topics covered include: proposals to add Daphnia (Daphnia spp., a small crustacean in the Klamath Lake area) and flat abalone (Haliotis walallensis) to the...
In 1995 my students and I developed Leda, a multiparadigm language based on the Pascal model. Leda allowed programmers to create abstractions in an object-oriented, functional, or logic programming style. More recently we have been interested in recreating this work, but this time using Java as the language basis. The...
Efforts to restore depressed populations of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. are often hampered by the inability to assign population identity to individuals in an admixture. This knowledge is of particular concern in supportive breeding programs, in which misidentification of individuals to population may result in progeny of mixed heritage, which,...
Genetic control of cold hardiness in two-year-old seedlings was compared with that in 7-year-old saplings of 40 open-pollinated families in each of two breeding populations (Coast and Cascade) of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) from western Oregon. In addition, the efficacy of bud phenology traits as predictors...
A chronosequence of three species of logs (Pinus sylvestris L., Picea abies (L.) Karst, and Betula pendula Roth.) from northwestern Russia was resampled to develop a new method to estimate rates of biomass, volume, and density loss. We call this resampling of a chronosequence the decomposition-vector method, and it represents...
The land area required for a marker-aided selection (MAS) program to break-even (i.e., have equal costs and benefits) was estimated using computer simulation for coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) in the Pacific Northwestern United States. We compared the selection efficiency obtained when using an index that included the phenotype...
Good management practices are essential if optimum fertilizer responses are to be realized. These practices include adequate irrigation, use of recommended varieties, selection of adapted soils, weed control, disease and insect control, good seedbed preparation, proper seeding methods, and timely harvest. Follow recommended soil sampling and testing procedures to estimate...
These annual legumes are grown for seed and forage in western Oregon. They may respond to applications of fertilizers and lime. The fertilizer and liming needs can be estimated through the use of soil tests. Good management practices are essential if optimum fertilizer responses are to be realized. These practices...
We investigated the late-time (asymptotic) behavior of tracer test breakthrough
curves (BTCs) with rate-limited mass transfer( e.g., in dual-porosity or multiporosity
systems) and found that the late-time concentration c is given by the simple expression
C = tₐ𝒹{C₀g-- [m₀(∂g/∂t)]}, for t >> tₐ𝒹 and tα >> tₐ𝒹, where tad is...
We present high resolution records of atmospheric methane from the GISP2 (Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2) ice core for four rapid climate transitions that occurred during the past 50 ka: the end of the Younger Dryas at 11.8 ka, the beginning of the Bølling-Allerød period at 14.8 ka, the beginning...
The enlargement of 21 canopy gaps associated with the root pathogen Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.:Fr.)
Bref. (; Fomes annosus (Fr.) Karst.) in the mixed-conifer forest of Yosemite Valley was monitored between 1971 and
1998. Mean expanded gap area was 232 m2 (range 38–802 m2) in 1971 and 1455 m2 (range 150–4216...
Published 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The most critical time in the life of a dairy cow is the first few days postpartum. How well she moves from low to high performance during this time depends on how she is managed during her transition from the dry cow group into the fresh pen. Proper nutrition management...
Existing atmospheric correction algorithms for multichannel remote sensing of ocean color from space were designed for retrieving water-leaving radiances in the visible over clear deep ocean areas and cannot easily be modified for retrievals over turbid coastal waters. We have developed an atmospheric correction algorithm for hyperspectral remote sensing of...
The American Fisheries Society (AFS) recognizes the need for conservative and robust management of Pacific rockfishes because of naturally low population growth, the overfished state of many of the stocks, and complex nature of the mixed-stock fisheries (60-plus species). The AFS recommends that catch information be collected on a species-specific...
This publication highlights hand-scalping, mulch mats, and herbicides as weed management methods to improve conifer seedling survival and growth. The focus here is on grass dominated environments. All these methods are in use on small woodland properties. Other weed control methods, including grazing and manual brush removal, are discussed in...
Bird conservation plan prepared by Oregon / Washington Partners in Flight containg strategies for the long-term maintenance of healthy bird populations in the Columbia Plateau of Eastern Washington and Oregon.
Artificial capillary barriers are being used to divert water away from sensitive underground regions. Conversely, funneled flow over natural capillary barriers may increase the danger of groundwater contamination by decreasing the travel time and contact area. There have been relatively few experimental studies of capillary barrier flow patterns. In this...
This paper was written as a book chapter on the ecology and biology of sage grouse. Because the book was never fully developed, we chose to publish the information with the OSU Agricultural Experiment Station.
A key problem faced by managers is how to allocate scarce resources
among activities or projects. Linear programming, or LP, is a method of
allocating resources in an optimal way. It is one of the most widely used operations research (OR) tools. It has been used successfully as a decisionmaking...
Mastitis is the single most expensive disease to the dairy industry, contributing to large financial losses due to decreased quantity and quality of milk. It's essential to develop and implement a mastitis
control program to keep mammary glands healthy and reduce infection in the herd. Removing the hair from a...
NM-9D11A-AN3 alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) germplasm
(Reg. no. GP-337, NSL 386506) was developed by the New
Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station and released 5 Oct.
1998. NM-9D11A-AN3 has demonstrated high yield potential
under deficit irrigated field conditions in southern New Mexico.
It is highly resistant to anthracnose (caused by Colletotrichum trifolii...
A nonlinear 2½-layer reduced gravity primitive equations (PE) ocean model is used to assimilate sea surface
temperature (SST) data from the Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean (TAO) moored buoys in the tropical Pacific. The
aim of this project is to hindcast cool and warm events of this part of the ocean, on seasonal...
Communities across the United States are becoming more culturally and ethnically diverse. Indeed, demographers predict that by 2030 most of America’s school-age children will be from a minority group and by 2050, so will most Americans. This increasing diversity changes the nature of the population served by volunteer-based organizations, and...
Nitrogen application, either from commercial fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate or from organic sources such as fish waste, is
essential for cranberry production. This publication addresses the amount, timing, and source of nitrogen (N) for bearing cranberry beds in North America. The information provided about the pathways
of N in...
This pest of meadowfoam is a small fly in the family Drosophilidae. It has been identified tentatively as Scaptomyza apicalis Hardy. It is
commonly referred to as the meadowfoam fly (MFF). It occurs throughout the Willamette Valley in most commercial plantings of meadowfoam
(Limnanthes alba). Thus far, meadowfoam is the...
Satellite estimates of winds at 10 m above the sea surface by the NASA scatterometer (NSCAT) during the 9-month period October 1996–June 1997 are analyzed to investigate the correlations between the three major wind jets along the Pacific coast of Central America and their relationships to the wind and pressure...
Published July 2000. Reprinted July 2001. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
This publication is designed to give family and professional caregivers a fuller understanding of dementia in later life and ways to cope more effectively with the changes resulting from it.
In addition to general care guidelines, the publication outlines approaches for handling specific problems —driving, wandering, money management, hiding items,...
Published July 2000. A more recent revision exists. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised July 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Measurements of near-surface winds by the NASA scatterometer (NSCAT) from October 1996 through June 1997 are analyzed to investigate the three major wind jets along the Pacific coast of Central America that blow over the Gulfs of Tehuantepec, Papagayo, and Panama. Each jet is easily identifiable as locally intense offshore...
The investigation of the consequences of trying to blend tropical Pacific observations from the Tropical Atmosphere–Ocean (TAO) array into the dynamical framework of an intermediate coupled ocean–atmosphere model is continued. In a previous study it was found that the model dynamics, the prior estimates of uncertainty in the observations, and...
The role of resonant wind forcing in the ocean boundary layer was examined using an ocean large-eddy simulation (LES) model. The model simulates turbulent flow in a box, measuring ~100–300 m on a side, whose top coincides with the ocean surface. Horizontal boundary conditions are periodic, and time-dependent wind forcing...
Recent turbulence measurements over a small bank on the continental shelf off Oregon reveal a previously undetected site for intense mixing of the coastal ocean. The flow is hydraulically controlled and turbulence diffusivities over the bank are more than 100 times greater than estimates made on the shelf away from...
The influence of anthropogenic aerosols, in the form of ship exhaust effluent, on the microphysics and radiative properties of marine stratocumulus is studied using data gathered from the U.K. Met. Office C-130 and the University of Washington C-131A aircraft during the Monterey Area Ship Track (MAST) experiment in 1994. During...
Las plantas que reciben la cantidad correcta de agua a lo mejor serán sanas y productivas. En Oregon, hay que regar las plantas durante el verano porque hay poca lluvia durante esa época. Al planear su huerto o jardín, considere cómo se suplirá el agua que sus plantas necesiten.
Hay...
The 1-km advanced very high resolution radiometer observations from the morning, NOAA-12, and afternoon,
NOAA-11, satellite passes over the coast of California during June 1994 are used to determine the altitudes,
visible optical depths, and cloud droplet effective radii for low-level clouds. Comparisons are made between
the properties of clouds...
Passive capillary samplers (PCAPS), which sample water from the vadose zone via a hanging water column in a fiberglass wick, have shown potential to provide superior estimates of soil water flux compared to alternative methods. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the performance of PCAPS under natural rain-fed...
Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cones are used extensively in beer brewing to enhance flavor and impart bittering. Verifying hops cultivar identity has traditionally been accomplished by morphological characteristics or a chemical analysis of lupulin glands but these traits may vary according to environmental influences. The objective of this research was...
Mark Twain (portrayed by actor Kirby Brumfield) uses humor and a companion workbook to show viewers how to clarify, simplify, and generally improve writing skills.
These recipes are intended for a limited-income, low-literacy, Spanish-speaking audience and have been part of a series of interactive, hands-on classes. Recipes were tested for years in the OFNP (Oregon Family Nutrition Program) Hispanic Office, Multnomah County, Portland, OR. Learners have appreciated receiving the recipes and the simplified format that...
Measurements of helium isotopes in particles separated from polar ice demonstrate that extraterrestrial ³He dominates the ³He flux at the GISP2 (Greenland) and Vostok (Antarctica) ice core sites. Replicate measurements of late Holocene ice samples yield ³He fluxes of 0.62±0.27×10⁻¹² cm³ STP cm⁻² ka⁻¹ (GISP2) and 0.77 ± 0.25 ×...
Uses of outdoor natural areas, like National Forests in the United States, have been undergoing change. Some changes, including criminal activities and domestic terrorism, may have quite important impacts to outdoor enthusiasts and managers. Activities include some relatively traditional management challenges, like arson and thefts, and newer challenges, such as...
Several diagnoses of three-dimensional circulation, using density and velocity data from a high-resolution, upper-ocean SeaSoar and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) survey of a cyclonic jet meander and adjacent cyclonic eddy containing high Rossby number flow, are compared. The Q-vector form of the quasigeostrophic omega equation, two omega equations derived...
The forms of the primitive equations of motion and continuity are obtained when an arbitrary thermodynamic state variable--restricted only to be vertically monotonic--is used as the vertical coordinate. Natural generalizations of the Montgomery and Exner functions suggest themselves. For a multicomponent fluid like seawater the dependence of the coordinate on...
A new density variable, empirically corrected for pressure, is constructed. This is done by first fitting compressibility (or sound speed) computed from global ocean datasets to an empirical function of pressure and in situ density (or specific volume). Then, by replacing true compressibility by this best-fit virtual compressibility in the...
The problem of extinction in the sea has been recognized
only recently by the scientific community (Roberts and
Hawkins 1999). For the last decade, the American Fisheries
Society (AFS) has pursued an initiative to identify marine
fish stocks that may be at risk of extinction in North America
(Musick 1998;...
1. La costa: La época de los cultivos es larga y fresca, de 190 a 250 días.
2. Los valles occidentales (entre Portland y Roseburg): La época de los cultivos es de 150 a 250 días; días calientes, noches frescas; la duración de la temporada puede variar de un año...
Continued stock declines in marine fisheries have resulted in a search for more risk-averse management approaches. In response, the Sustainable Fisheries Act of 1996 mandates habitat protection, bs catch reduction, and stock rebuilding. These changes emphasize precaution, and imply a shift in focus from maximizing yields to minimizing ecological impacts...
Potentially relevant literature for the years 1990-1999 was identified by (a) conducting keyword searches of computerized bibliographic databases, especially CAB Abstracts and Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts, (b) reading through the tables of contents of a few especially relevant journals, (c) searching the internet for pertinent bibliographies, and (d) to...
Upwelling jets flow alongshore in approximate geostrophic balance with the onshore pressure gradient induced by coastal upwelling. Observations of such jets have shown that they often move offshore downstream of capes, leaving a pool of upwelled water inshore. Comparisons are made between this behavior and the hydraulic transition of a...
In a multilevel study to determine limits to underplanted conifer seedling growth, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), grand fir (Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.), western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don), and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings were planted beneath second-growth Douglas-fir stands that had...
Convergent flow tracer tests conducted in the Culebra dolomite (Rustler Formation, New Mexico) are analyzed with both single- and multiple-rate, double-porosity models. Parameter estimation is used to determine the mean and standard deviation of a lognormal distribution of diffusion rate coefficients as well as the advective porosity and longitudinal dispersivity....
Leads act as windows through which solar radiation enters the upper ocean. Studies of the heat budget and ice melt require accurate parameterization of the albedo. Results from summertime measurements of albedo over leads show that under cloudy conditions the average albedo is 0.066 with a standard deviation of 0.007....
In the late 1850s, few young Jews, recently arrived in the United States from Poland, chose to live in Florida. Fortunately, one who did, Max White, wrote down his memoirs of those years, leaving us a remarkable, very personal account of life on the Florida frontier as well as a...
The Willamette valley has grown to be an important source of high quality grapes for the production of wine. These grapes are a very high value crop that has proven to be profitable in this region. Irrigation of this crop has been limited largely to the establishment stage, with most...
This study integrates various vineyard practices that may improve nitrogen availability to the vine, particularly during ripening. Different strategies aimed at improving fermentation behavior and wine quality are being evaluated. This study aims to optimize fruit quality and maximize the juice nitrogen fraction that can be used by yeast during...
An approximation of the total yeast fermentable nitrogen content in juice or must is taken as the sum of the nitrogen available from ammonia and the alpha-amino acids present (Bisson 1991 ; Dukes and Butzke 1998 ; Jiranek, Langridge, and Henshcke 1995). Recommended levels of fermentable nitrogen needed by yeast...
Mixed conifer and hardwood stands in southwestern Oregon were studied to explore the hypothesis that competition effects on individual-tree growth and survival will differ according to the species comprising the competition measure. Likewise, it was hypothesized that competition measures should extrapolate best if crown-based surrogates are given preference over diameter-based...
Decomposition of woody roots in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carrière), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa P. Laws. ex C. Laws.) dominated forests in Oregon, U.S.A. was studied using a chronosequence. Roots of five coniferous species were excavated from stumps with ages up to 46...
The 3-PGS (physiological principles for predicting growth using satellite data) model generates monthly estimates of transpiration, photosynthesis, and net primary production (NPP), the latter derived as a fixed proportion (0.47) of gross photosynthesis. To assess the reliability of a simplified process model (3-PGS) to predict the productive capacity of coniferous...
This study was designed to measure the microbiological and chemical characteristics of forest soils in a chronosequence of harvested Douglas-fir (Pseusotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) stands in different climatic settings. Mineral soil samples were collected along transects running from old-growth (OG) forests into harvested stands of ages 5, 15, and 40...
Here we correct an error in the calculation of the percent change in peak discharges associated with timber harvest and road construction in small, experimentally treated basins by Jones and Grant [1996]. This correction reduces the estimated magnitude of changes, but it does not affect the direction or statistical significance...
Thomas and Megahan [1998] provide a thoughtful reanalysis of our earlier paper [Jones and Grant, 1996]. Thomas and Megahan [1998] (hereinafter referred to as T&M) reacted to three assertions made by Jones and Grant [1996] (hereinafter referred to as J&G): (1) "forest harvesting has increased peak discharges by as much...
The purpose of this study is to identify, characterize and quantify local, regional and remote effects of snow cover on western U.S. climate and water resources. An ensemble of predictability and sensitivity studies was made with the U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate Model, version 3 (CCM3)...
This article describes a grant-funded project with the final goal of creating information literacy collaborative partnerships among academic, school, and public libraries. The objectives of the grant as well as an overall description of the project are stated. The emphasis of the article is on the process followed to create...
Published January 2001. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
We investigated multiple-rate diffusion as a possible explanation for observed behavior in a suite of single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) tests conducted in a fractured dolomite. We first investigated the ability of a conventional double-porosity model and a multirate diffusion model to explain the data. This revealed that the multirate diffusion hypothesis/model...
In their recent Canadian Journal of Forest Research Comment 368 article, Wilson and Oliver (2000) developed an equation for predicting the average ratio of height to diameter at breast height for the largest 250 trees/ha (H/DL250) in unthinned stands as a function of initial density and dominant height of the...
The marine fisheries production from African coastal countries, combined with that of freshwater production of
the continent is estimated to be 6 millions metric tons, corresponding only 5 % of the total world production. Africa's
contribution to fisheries products (1,5 %) is insignificant compared to that of world commerce which...
Survey data on the choice of canned fish were analyzed through stepwise logistic regression. Those who lived in
northern Taiwan, those who paid more attention to food taste, those who preferred to eat fish, those who liked to eat sour
food, those who liked to eat bitter gourds, those employed...