We compiled Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata) and Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta) locations in northwestern North America, consolidating data from multiple sources including nine U.S. State and Canadian Provincial jurisdictions. We assessed numbers of discrete locations, and analyzed distribution patterns temporally and spatially. Western Pond Turtle observation records ranged from...
Overfishing and the destruction of small-scale fisheries in developing countries — particularly through the use of illegal fishing gear — is a pressing issue. Policymakers and local community leaders often suggest fines and enforcement mechanisms to reduce the use of illegal fishing; however, the response of fishery participants to “bans”...
Over the past several years we have been developing Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs) to measure the degree of success fisheries systems have in achieving environmental, economic and community outcomes. We have also developed indicators of key input factors. Among the input factors we have explicitly developed indicators for women’s participation and leadership...
The contribution of aquaculture and/or fisheries to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) directly or indirectly are essential indicators for policymakers to assess the sector's economic performance and make informed policies or decisions that can affect the level of political and financial support to the sector, and hence, its development pace. Despite...
Gene expression in plants (and other eukaryotes) is a very complex process. Gene expression is primarily controlled by proteins and their binding sites near the gene in the chromosomal DNA. More specifically, interactions among transcription factors (DNA-binding proteins) and cis-regulatory modules (CRMs-sets of binding sites) control the expression of nearby...
In an environment of limited resources and expanded management expectations, fisheries regulators face hard decisions about how intensively to regulate different stocks. The Fishery Management Councils are required to regulate harvest of all stocks in a sustainable manner, but have discretion on how much regulatory effort to invest in individual...
In June 2015, the UN General Assembly mandated the negotiation of a legally binding instrument on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ). The proposed ABNJ Implementation Agreement (ABNJ IA) will have implications for the conduct and regulation of high seas fisheries and...
Implemented in 2011, the West Coast Groundfish Trawl Catch Share Program was designed to achieve multiple economic goals and objectives for a diverse multispecies fishery, including increasing net benefits, profitability, flexibility, and utilization of harvest allocations. Here, we leverage seven years of comprehensive cost and earnings data to evaluate progress...
As changes in climate and corresponding ocean shifts threaten U.S. fisheries with uncertain change, West Coast marine scientists and fishery management institutions have newly emphasized ecosystem-based analysis and management. The development of the West Coast-specific California Current Integrated Ecosystem Assessment (CCIEA) has accordingly allowed for economic analyses and the social...
Farmed fish products in Europe are mainly addressed to the market of live and fresh whole fishes. Only for the trout sector, due to their vertical integration, is it common to process/transform the fish, offering a wider range of products to final consumers. One key factor that makes the supply...
For centuries, the Icelandic people has relied on its abundance of natural resources and fisheries in particular. In today’s volatile and homogenous economy of Iceland, fisheries is one of its main export industries, together with power-intensive manufacturing and tourism. Consequently, movements in fish prices have a significant effect on the economy...
Native to the Pacific Northwest, Ceratomyxashastais a myxosporeanparasite that infects wild and cultivated salmon and has a significance impact on its population in the Klamath River basin. The study suggests that the transmission of mixed genotypes of the parasite are common in Chinook salmon but the age of the fish...
Catch share programs are emerging as a rights-based management tool capable of improving biological and economic performance in marine fisheries relative to traditional command and control regulation approaches. This paper examines the determinants of the transition from command and control regulation to rights-based management in marine fisheries. I develop a...
Emergence of fish farming in Brazil has generated significant effects on household agriculture, in terms of food security and income generation. However, small-scale fish farmers in the state of Tocantins have been affected by a transformation process concerning the emergence of supermarkets in the fish market. The lower prices and...
Brazilian aquaculture is undergoing major transformations which have been changing the whole structure of this sector. Except for the shrimp farming industry - which for years already has a high technology production structure - the majority of the Brazilian aquaculture had been characterized for small producers and low level of...
Countries exploiting transboundary fisheries face strong incentives for over- exploitation. This basic economic insight has been validated empirically; transboundary fisheries tend to be in worse condition than fisheries in single nations. Thus, transboundary fisheries pose a significant, and globally ubiquitous, management challenge. Attempts to solve this challenge through cross-country cooperation...
The introduction of private property rights in common pool resource systems is not occurring at random, but depends on various factors, including the state of the resource itself. This inherent endogeneity problem of policy implementation makes it difficult to make any causal inference between the regulatory regime and the state...
This paper presents a deterministic bioeconomic model with a marine protected area (MPA) including both fisheries management and tourism development goals. A weighting parameter is added to the model to allow tradeoffs between management preferences regarding the two sectors affected by the MPA. The theoretical model is illustrated with analysis...