Four formations of the Cretaceous Nanaimo Group crop out on Galiano Island and on Parker and Gossip Islands, nearby. These formations are: early Campanian Geoffrey Formation which encloses a tongue of the Northumberland Formation; early Campanian to late Maestrichtian Spray Formation; and Maestrichtian Gabriola Formation. The stratigraphic succession has a...
The red-band trout is native to many small, isolated streams in southeastern Oregon. A study of the red-band population of Three-
mile Creek and Reservoir was conducted from August 1973 to June 1975. Data were collected concerning population size, age composition,
growth, biomass, recruitment, fecundity, and habitat. During the spring...
The thesis area is located in the Blue Mountains of northeast Oregon. Pre-Tertiary and Cenozoic rocks, divided on the basis of age and tectonic history, are exposed along the eroded crest of the Blue Mountain anticline. Permian (?) metasedimentary rocks probably correlate with the Elkhorn Ridge Argillite, and consist mainly...
A complex and sometimes serious problem facing modern day forest
managers is that of estimating and analyzing potential on-site impacts
which result from forest activities. A major type of adverse impact
is man-Initiated forest erosion. This consequence can be substantially
magnified when forest harvest and road activities are implemented in...
An interesting means of shoal removal has recently been implemented by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for use in shallow Pacific
Coast tidal inlets and estuaries. In the past, removal of shoaled material has consisted of physical excavation of material, transportation from the site, and placement in a spoils...
Although some of the most difficult problems in forest management occur as a result of timber harvest operations, present methodology in harvest planning emphasizes guidelines which rely heavily upon the experience of the individual forest manager for their correct application. This study was undertaken in an effort to develop a...
Reduction of pocket gopher damage to conifer seedlings is important to successful reforestation in many regions of the Pacific
Northwest. The objective of this study was to determine the factors that influence the local distribution of the northern pocket gopher (Thomomys talpoides Richardson) in a forested region of south-central Oregon....
The capacity for root growth and concentration of indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid in the roots of western hemlock seedlings was investigated. The root regenerating capacity (RRC) was defined as the increase in root length, greater than 5 mm, following a 28-day test period. RRC measurements over a two-year period...
The School of Science, now known as the College of Science,
was created in 1932 as a part of a reorganization of state-supported
institutions of higher learning. Before 1932, degrees in science
were granted by the University of Oregon alone while science at
the State College (Oregon State University) was...
Stocking characteristics and heights attained by tree
seedlings at ages five and seven were measured on 45 study
units, representing five habitat types, established on
clearcuts in the Abies amabilis zone in the Western Cascades
of Oregon. The study units ranged from six to 30 acres in
size, seven to...
The selection of planting stock is a critical step in the reforestation
planning process. In addition to selecting the proper seed source
and species for the planting site, consideration must be made for the
type of planting stock which will be used. The survival and growth
potential of various classes...
Winter recreation has increased rapidly in the Crater Lake -
Diamond Lake area of Oregon in recent years. Park and forest
managers are concerned about existing and potential impacts of the
recreationists on the resources and other recreationists.
The purpose of this study was to describe the nature and extent...
An important cultural tool in the greenhouse production of tree
seedlings in the Pacific Northwest is the control of photoperiod. By
artificially lengthening the period of daily exposure to light, it is
possible to increase both the magnitude and duration of seedling
growth. By shortening the photoperiod, one can induce...
An outbreak of the Douglas-fir tussock moth caused severe defoliation
in northeastern Oregon during the period from 1972 to 1974.
Aerial application of DOT was used to control the outbreak in 1974.
Much of the infected area has been logged to salvage the dead and
damaged timber.
The purpose of...
The objective of this study was to determine the
feeding habits of the Mazama pocket gopher (Thomomys
mazama Merriam) in the pine region of south-central
Oregon. Damage caused by pocket gophers to conifer
regeneration was a major incentive for this research.
A permanent reference collection, consisting of
epithelial tissue from...
The purpose of this study was to describe the nature and extent
of managers' attitudes toward dispersed recreation, identify reasons
for managers' pro and con attitudes and to evaluate factors in the
managers' background which might be correlated with their attitudes
toward dispersed recreation,
Questionnaires distributed via agency were used...
Herbicides are being used as a tool by forest managers to speed
the restocking of sites where tree seedlings face competition from
grasses for limited moisture, light and nutrients. Retarded growth
or, more commonly, death of the seedlings would occur if a selective
herbicide was not used to control competing...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the
Douglas-fir tussock moth, spray control program and salvage operations
have had on outdoor recreationists in the Blue Mountains
in northeastern Oregon during the 1972-1974 outbreak.
Eight hundred ninety-four parties were interviewed one year
after the outbreak in four...
First year survival of Douglas-fir seedlings outplanted in areas
characterized by intense vegetative competition is heavily dependent
on available soil moisture. To test this hypothesis, five distinct
classes of Douglas-fir planting stock were planted on the south slope
of McCulloch Peak in McDonald Forest in February of 1975. The
stocking...
Extensive morphological and growth habit variations have been
reported for bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata), a widespread western
shrub frequently used in range revegetation projects. Hybridization
of this species occurs with cliffrose (Cowania stansburiana) at the
point of their overlapping range in Utah and is believed to be
responsible for expression of...
Ninety-six hour acute toxicity bioassays were employed to
determine the tolerance of juvenile coho salmon to chlorinated
stabilized kraft mill effluent (SKME). In addition the effect of
chlorinated SKME on the growth of juvenile coho salmon in six and
ten day experiments was studied.
Results of the acute toxicity tests...
This thesis consists of two parts. Part I (Chapters 1,
2, 3) of this thesis concerns finding the best way of
running a reactor whose catalyst decays with use, and must
consequently be replaced or regenerated at regular
intervals. Chapter 1 introduces the problem, and Chapter 2
develops a one...
Factor analysis of radiolarian species from the tops of 34 gravity
cores in the area extending from 5°N to 45°N, 95°W to 155°W, yields
five factor assemblages which are related to the present surface circulation:
1) a Pacific Equatorial Water assemblage; 2) a California
Current assemblage; 3) a North Equatorial...
The objectives of this investigation were two-fold: (1) to examine possible seed and cone characteristics and their usefulness as seed maturity indices, and (2) to examine the effects of artificial ripening on seed maturation and germination. Cone fresh weight, cone length, cone specific gravity, cone color, seed fresh weight, seed...
During the First World War, the need to secure a domestic supply
of nitrate compounds necessary to the manufacture of explosives caused
the federal government to undertake an extensive program of research
and development of industrial nitrogen fixation processes. These
government activities were to have far-reaching consequences for the
development...
Douglas-fir wood chips from Oregon were pulped with kraft
green liquor to produce semi-chemical pulps with properties suitable
for the manufacture of corrugating medium. The effects of five cooking
variables were studied, chemical charge, chip size, bark content
of chips, pulping temperature, and liquor sulfidity. The combinations
of levels of...
The response of three hardwoods from Ghana and a hardwood and
three softwoods from the United States to liquid and gas-phase impregnation
was investigated. Impregnation with liquids included a sink-float
test in a water-glycerine solution and pressure treatment with a copper
sulphate solution and creosote under identical treating conditions.
Flow...
Competition for the conventional supply of wood residue utilized
by the particleboard industry is increasing. Utilization of low
quality residues by the pulp and paper industry, new sawmill and
plywood recovery techniques, and the growing practice of converting
low quality residues into steam and electrical power have all cut into...
The main objective of this study was to determine appropriate
accelerated aging methods for exterior plywood made with Southeast
Asian hardwood face veneers. A secondary objective of this study
was to determine the durability of exterior plywood made with keruing
(12 Dipterocarpus spp.).
To reach these objectives I made plywood...
A theory of higher order connections is developed as
a reduction of the structure group of the jet bundle of
sections of a smooth vector bundle. This definition leads
naturally to higher order curvatures and covariant derivatives.
Curvature Conditions for a second order partial differential
operator to have constant coefficients...
The topic of summability methods has been studied by many
although the name of G. H. Hardy and his classical work "Divergent
Series" is best known. Almost all of the early work was done using
single sequences or series. In the past 30 years research has been
done extending some...
Predator-prey interactions, as measured by the consumption
and growth rates of a predator (Micropterus salmoides) and by the
observed activities of both predator and prey (Gambusia affinis),
were found to be sensitive to sublethal levels of ammonium chloride
(reported as unionized ammonia NH₃).
One bass and 15, 30, 60 or...
The occurrence of relatively less permeable soil underlying a
relatively more permeable and shallow soil profile is widespread in
the Willamette Valley Region of Oregon. Recognizing that an understanding
of the water transport process in such a situation would
provide reliable criteria for designing a drainage system has led to...
The development of the energy crisis has caused the
use of depletable energy resources to be monitored quite
closely in the United States. Within the agricultural
sector, irrigation is a large user of energy, with the
potential of using many times more energy than all other
agricultural field operations. A...
There is evidence that recent ecological changes in lakes and their watersheds can be detected from analysis of lake sediments. This study was initiated to correlate
changes in some sediment characteristics of four Oregon lakes with past cultural developments of the lakes and their watersheds. The lakes chosen for this...
Great Basin Canada goose (Branta canadensis moffitti) productivity and nesting habitat utilization were studied on the Columbia River within the boundaries of the Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge during the springs of 1974 and 1975.
Five islands, BL-1, BL-2, SD-1, SD-2, and Telegraph Island (TI), contained 88 percent of the nesting...
Silurian and Devonian rocks are exposed for approximately 8 square kilometers inthe KootenayArc structural province of northeastem Washington. These Middle Paleozoic rocks overlie the Upper Cambrian Metaline Limestone and the Ordovician Ledbetter Formation, which includes slates, siltstones, and limestones. Two Silurian units crop out in this area. Unit A is...
Long-term oceanographic and meteorological data were used to develop models that describe the observed variation in the recruitment of Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus) in the California
Current region. The models that were found to best describe recruitment included both density-dependent factors and environmental factors. Models incorporating only density-dependent factors
accounted...
Clinical methods to diagnose specific organ dysfunction have not been evaluated in fishes. To determine if an accepted clinical test of mammalian liver function could be applied to fishes, the
hepatic disposition of the organic anion sulfobromophthalein (BSP) was studied in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) treated with a model hepatotoxicant....
Six standard coyote scent station index lines and one scentless control line were repeatedly sampled from May through October, 1974, on a 400 square mile study area in Central Oregon. The scent station index remained relatively constant at a mean value of 0.025 from May through mid-August; increased to a...
Relative growth and survival of offspring from matings of hatchery and wild Deschutes River (Oregon) summer steelhead trout, Salmo gairdneri, were monitored to determine if hatchery fish differ genetically from wild fish in traits which can affect the stock-recruitment relationship of wild populations. Four natural streams and a hatchery pond...
A study of population trends, nest site selection, and food habits of ospreys (Pandion haliaetus carolinensis) nesting on the Bend District of the Deschutes National Forest, Oregon, was conducted
during 1970 and 1971. Intensive observations were made of 95 nesting attempts of ospreys. Energy demands of the population were estimated...
An investigation was conducted on factors influencing sex ratio in Eurytemora. Fifteen generations of brother/sister mating have produced family lines with a high proportion of either males or females of Eurytemora affinis. On this basis, a polygenic mechanism of sex
determination is proposed for E. affinis. Laboratory experiments on the...
The effect of raised bed culture on winter survival of ten pea
genotypes (Pisum sativum L.), differing in inherent cold hardiness
and growth habit, was studied under two climatic conditions: a moist
semi-maritime winter (Corvallis, Oregon) and a cold continental
winter (Weston, Oregon). An assessment of winter injury was based...
The influence of mycorrhizae on the nutrient uptake of
strawberries and red raspberries was investigated. On red raspberries
innoculation with a mycorrhizal fungus resulted in increased P uptake
and a greater concentration of P in the shoots of the plants. The
strawberries were innoculated with 2 species of mycorrhizal fungus....
Development of a performance analysis for propeller type wind
turbines is presented. The analysis uses a strip theory approach
that includes tip-loss and blade interference. A comparison is
presented between analysis and test data. The comparison indicates
that the analysis predicts wind turbine performance to an accuracy
that is within...
In the mild climate of the Pacific Northwest, the harvesting of
deciduous shade trees in wholesale nurseries is prolonged from
October to January because of autumn growth and prolonged leaf
retention. Economically, it is advantageous to defoliate nursery trees
at the earliest possible date. Premature defoliation, however, can
cause die...
The principal objective of this study was to identify
and investigate the underlying basis for variations in the
volumes of exports of U.S. winter pears during the 1947 to
1974 period. A number of factors thought to be of importance
in the determination of the volume of exports of a...
The fundamental objective of this analysis was to isolate and
identify the factors governing the demand for domestically produced
rainbow trout in a representative west coast market, and assess the
impact on that demand, if any, of the introduction of pansize salmon.
The approach taken in this market demand study...
In recent years Zaire has changed from a net exporter to a
net importer of maize. Four districts of South Central Zaire were
selected to investigate factors which limit the production and the
supply of marketed maize grain in Zaire.
Farmers in this area were interviewed to collect data on...
Corn oil (CO) and Sterculic foetida oil (SFO) fed rats were
injected with [9, 10-methylene-¹⁴C]sterculic acid. Less than 1%
of the label was expired as carbon dioxide. The majority of the
label was excreted in the urine as short-chain dicarboxylic acids with
an intact cyclopropane ring. The major metabolites for...
The effect of washing machine separated rockfish flesh on
composition, quality and desirability was investigated.
Washing machine separated rockfish flesh resulted in a
36.88% loss of solids. The greatest reductions were found in the ash
(80.32%) and lipid (65.13%) levels in the washed flesh. Most of the
sarcoplasmic proteins were...
Public policy structured to treat "market failures" related to
land use (through restructuring property rights) must be evaluated in
terms of its potential impacts not only upon social efficiency, but also
upon the distributions of wealth and income associated with real
estate ownership. Analyses of basic relationships between forms of...
In this research a model is developed to predict population for relatively
rural areas experiencing rapid economic development. Of the many
ways to predict population size, in this research a "demographic-economic"
model is chosen for use. The economic variables which aid in projecting
population are total employment, and net changes...
Rural areas tied to natural resource-based economic activity are encountering
difficulties in preparing for economic growth and development.
An important problem facing local officials of such an area, Union County,
Oregon, is the identification of county characteristics that may induce
the expansion of local businesses and location of new plants....
The relationship between the decomposition of trimethylamine
oxide in Pacific shrimp and shrimp meat quality was investigated to
evaluate the use of the trimethylamine oxide system as a quality
control indice.
Changes in the levels of trimethylamine oxide and its decomposition
products in whole shrimp stored on ice and in...
This investigation was undertaken to obtain information on the
dietary intake of Oregon preschool children and to determine the
effect of certain socio-environmental variables on the nutrient intake
of these children. Three hundred boys and girls who were attending
Well Child or Multiphasic Screening Clinics in 11 counties participated
in...
The effect of oral lecithin supplementation on plasma lipids
was investigated. Thirty-one healthy middle-aged men received 7.2
gm soy lecithin daily for two months. Blood was drawn both before
and after supplementation and analyzed for total and esterified
cholesterol, total and individual phospholipids, total lipids, triglycerides,
and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)...
The objective of this investigation was to develop an acceptable
aspartame sweetened orange sherbet which might offer significant
caloric reduction and cost advantages, and hence be applicable to
commercial production.
A control sherbet, with a preference level equal to a
commercially available orange sherbet was used as the reference.
An...
Plasma vitamin B₁₂ concentrations of 16 elderly women were
measured using the growth response of the microorganism, Ochromonas
malhamensis. The method required major modifications which
are described in detail. All women had plasma concentrations of
vitamin B₁₂ above the normal minimum of 200 pg/ml despite the fact
that the diets...
The proteolytic enzymes in the visceral organs of albacore tuna
fish (Thunnus alalunga) were studied, initially as an extract of the
whole viscera, then as extracts of the individual organs. Preliminary
studies indicated three pH optima of activity in the whole viscera
extracts pH 1.7, 3.1-3.5 and 9.5. Analysis of...
The interrelationships between physical measurements, dietary
intake of specific nutrients, and plasma lipids were examined in 19
healthy elderly subjects. The mean blood pressures, relative weights,
and skinfold thicknesses were within normal ranges, although women
tended to be more overweight. Systolic pressure and relative weight
were associated with increased body...
Investigations were conducted to determine the nature, type,
functional properties and the amounts of different proteins found in
bovine rumen tissue.
Data concerning the effect of pH and salt concentration on
the extractability of proteins from rumen tissue indicated that 92%
of the proteins could be extracted in aqueous solutions...
Cyclopropenoid fatty acids cause several physiological disorders
in rainbow trout and rats. Rainbow trout appear to be more sensitive
than rats to the effects of cyclopropenoid fatty acids. Carbon-14
labeled sterculic acid with label in the methylene position of the
cyclopropene ring was injected into the stomach of rats and...
A dose related carcinogenic response was established for dimethylnitrosamine
administered in the diet of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).
An equation was derived for the relationship between dose and hepatocellular
carcinoma incidence. From a published dose response study
using Porton rats as a test animal, a second equation was derived
for...
The purpose of this study was to characterize the nonvolatile,
water soluble, bis(hydroxyalkyl)N-nitrosamines produced from the
reaction of spermidine and nitrite.
The biologically occurring polyamine spermidine was reacted
with nitrite in the presence of acid. The reaction products were
isolated and converted to trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. The
derivatized products were...
Unbleached-flour, high-ratio white cakes were prepared with
-15, -10, -5, 0, +5 percent variations in sugar/water level from
American Association of Cereal Chemists Method 10-90. Formulas
with and without added cream of tartar were used.
Specific gravity, batter and crumb pH, volume, crumb and
crust color and compressibility were objectively...
Stability, substrate and inhibitor specificity and electrophoretic
properties of a crude polyphenol oxidase (PPO) preparation extracted
from d'Anjou pears (Pyrus communis L.) were investigated. Levels
of polyvinylpyrrolidone and pH of buffer for extraction were found
to affect the specific activity of the extracted enzyme. An extract
prepared with 1.5 g...