Breast-high stem sections were sampled from 56 western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) trees growing in 15 plots representing a wide range of tree and site conditions in northwestern Oregon. Growth and wood density traits of individual rings were measured via X-ray densitometry, and relationships of ring density and its...
We investigated how large carnivores, herbivores, and plants may be linked to the maintenance of native species biodiversity through trophic
cascades. The extirpation of wolves (Canis lupus) from Yellowstone National Park in the mid-1920s and their reintroduction in 1995 provided the
opportunity to examine the cascading effects of carnivore–herbivore interactions...
Seafood inspection and certification has become a trend on international trade. Recent incidences of chemical residues were examined in exporting seafood products which hinder the future export to the European Union and Japan particularly. Hence, the perceptions of seafood quality and safety from a consumer point of view and international...
This assessment is intended to help conservation agencies, planners and organizations direct their resources to the most important places for supporting the ecoregion's biodiversity.
Ongoing discussion between the Oregon State University libraries' instruction program and the English composition program focuses on improving collaboration between our programs and more effectively integrating the research process into the English composition curriculum. The authors, formerly the library instruction coordinator and the Assistant Composition Coordinator, briefly describe a qualitative...
Explaining restoration failure can be as important as touting success. We used a series of studies to understand the failure of techniques commonly used to restore wetland prairies in the Willamette Valley of western Oregon. Burning, fallowing, and solarization (covering tilled plots with plastic sheeting to heat the soil) had...
Scientists use a large crane to gather samples from the tops of trees. These samples will be tested for turgor in an attempt to explain why trees stop growing. Featuring Dr. Barbara Bond, Dr. Rick Meinzer, and R.A. Dave Woodruff.
Estimates of mass transfer timescales from 316 solute transport experiments reported in 35 publications are compared to the pore-water velocities and residence times, as well as the experimental durations. New tracer experiments were also conducted in columns of different lengths so that the velocity and the advective residence time could...
The activity of commercial whaling is contentious, drawing the ire of animal rights and conservation groups who threaten boycotts of whaling nations' products. Whaling also has opportunity costs: in addition to existence value, whales provide nonextractive use values, i.e. whale watching. On the other hand, proponents of whaling argue many...
An intensive case study was undertaken at the farm fisheries from during wet months under NAZ of Indian subtropics for characterization and integrated utilization of Tal wetland ecosystem through pisciculture [Live (magur - Clarias batrachus & singi - Heteropneustes fossilis) and sweet water fishes (rohu - Labeo rohita & Katla...
Climate warming may first show up in forests as increased growth, which occurs as warmer temperatures, increased carbon dioxide, and more precipitation encourage higher rates of photosynthesis. The second way that climate change may show up in forests is through changes in disturbance regimes—the long-term patterns of fire, drought, insects,...
Climate warming may first show up in forests as increased growth, which occurs as warmer temperatures, increased carbon dioxide, and more precipitation encourage higher rates of photosynthesis. The second way that climate change may show up in forests is through changes in disturbance regimes—the long-term patterns of fire, drought, insects,...
Recent research has warned that liberalising trade in capture fishery products originating from inefficient managed fisheries might cause over-exploitation, reduced fish stocks and thereby reduced steady state welfare. This paper qualifies the warning in a case study of the East Baltic cod market by introducing a quantitative supply model of...
Because of highly dissipative conditions and strong alongshore gradients in foreshore
beach morphology, wave run-up data collected along the central Oregon coast during
February 1996 stand in contrast to run-up data currently available in the literature. During
a single data run lasting approximately 90 min, the significant vertical run-up elevation...
Hydrological optics has a rich history, playing a significant role in physical, chemical, and biological oceanography. The success over the last 30 years has provided oceanographers with a non-invasive means to study regional and global scale physical, chemical, and biological processes (Figure 1). The ability to map the color of...
Wood-plastic composites are generally presumed to be inherently more resistant to moisture uptake than solid wood, but there is little data on the relative rates of moisture uptake in these materials over time. Trex[R] and Strandex[R] deck sections were immersed in water for up to 215 days, then sections were...
Quota management systems (QMS) provide faith-based incentives for individual quota holders to conserve the resource voluntarily; quota holders expect the system to work and to be enforced and their expectations are usually realized despite imperfect incentives and significant enforcement burdens. Even with QMS there is never an individual incentive to...
Recent concerns about surface water quality near agricultural production areas have stimulated interest in “best management practices” to reduce the risk of off-site sediment, pesticide, and nutrient movement. Vegetative filter
strips can be one component of an integrated management system to reduce these risks.
Home gardens produce the best yields when planted with vegetable varieties adapted to local growing conditions. These variety trials may assist market growers and home gardeners in choosing adapted varieties, based on qualities
that are important to them (such as appearance, earliness, flavor, yield, and disease resistance).
Wind stress variability over the Benguela upwelling system is considered using 16 months (01 August 1999 to 29 November 2000) of satellite-derived QuikSCAT wind data. Variability is investigated using a type of artificial neural network, the self-organizing map (SOM), and a wavelet analysis. The SOM and wavelet analysis are applied...
Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fishing activities are a threat for both the marine environment and society. By undermining effective management systems, IUU fishing activities not only generate harmful effects on economic and social welfare, but also reduce the incentives to comply with rules. The issue of IUU fishing has...
In the institutional framework of fishery management in Japan, which can be seen as a Co-Management system, fishermen's agreements are prerequisites for implementation of resource management measures. However, because of uncertainties in the effect of management measures, fishermen's agreements are difficult to obtain. This study applied a decision-making method under...
A common heuristic for solving Partially Observable Markov Decision Problems POMDPs is to first solve the underlying Markov Decision Process MDP and then construct a POMDP policy by performing a fixed depth lookahead search in the POMDP and evaluating the leaf nodes using the MDP value function. A problem with...
This study analyzes the main factors that affected seasonal variation of fresh tuna price through a statistical approach. The study concludes that seasonal variation in the volume of landings by Hawaii-based vessels is the predominant factor affecting seasonal variation in price for most of the tuna, but that price variation...
This publication provides basic information on tree growth, characteristics that define wood quality, and the implications of common silvicultural (tree tending) activities on wood quality. It is at best a summary—tree growth is an immensely complex process, and not all aspects of wood formation are fully understood. Most of the...
Published December 2004. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Conditional Random Fields (CRFs; Lafferty, McCallum, & Pereira, 2001) provide a flexible and powerful model for learning to assign labels to elements of sequences in such applications as part-of-speech tagging, text-to-speech mapping, protein and DNA sequence analysis, and information extraction from web pages. However, existing learning algorithms are slow, particularly...
In recent years, considerable attention has been given to the effects of removing trade restrictions on natural resource utilization and on poverty, especially in developing countries. Our paper adds to the growing body of conceptual work to show conditions under which a developing country that, in isolation, is unable to...
Thailand has been one of the most important fish exporting country, in spite of the degradation in her marine resources. Small scale fisheries accounted for more than 80 percent of the total marine fisheries households in this country. Fisheries had been considered the important source of food, income, employment and...
The concept of sustainable fisheries development has been socialized since the last decades by the Indonesian government. However, this concept has not been implemented in any fisheries aspects especially for the coastal fisheries, which have received a high pressure from fishing activities, industrial pollutions, household sewage, etc. Trammel net is...
'Library groupware' - a set of networked tools supporting information management for individuals and for distributed groups - is a new class of service we may choose to provide in our libraries. In its simplest form, library groupware would help people manage information as they move through the diversity of...
Traditionally, fish has been considered as an item for direct or indirect human use (food, fertilizer, fishmeal and so on). Recently increasing number of studies on anadromous salmon in North America and Japan, however, suggest that fish could also support biodiversity. Marine-derived nutrients (MDN) are important contributors to maintain or...
Woodland owners routinely want to measure property acreage,
boundaries, ground slope, various characteristics of standing
timber, and individual log volumes. Different tools are
required for each of these tasks.
The sandfish catch in the coastal waters off Akita Prefecture has fluctuated largely over the last 40 years. It began to decrease in the middle 1970s, and in 1991 it heavily depleted by 70 tons, which corresponds to less than 1% of the catch in the 1960s. The Fisheries Cooperative...
Welcome to Unit II of Wood Science, THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF WOOD!
This is the second in the series of 4-H Wood Science manuals. If you have completed Wood Science I, you probably are asking, “Now what?” Wood Science can be so interesting and challenging that you never really finish....
In order to understand the economics of the 2001 irrigation curtailment in the Upper Klamath Basin, and the prospects for lower-cost solutions
to future irrigation shortfalls, one must appreciate just how much the economic value of irrigation water varies from one piece of land to
another throughout the Upper Basin....
It is generally recognised that market-based instruments have a strong role to play in improving the efficiency of fisheries management. This belief was strongly reinforced at the 2002 IIFET Conference, where the use of ITQ systems was extensively discussed. While ITQ systems are commonly referred to as “rights-based management” (RBM),...
Canned tuna is a typical international Agribusiness-based product. The most representative flow of the product is such that the tuna is processed in a firm in the developing country of the tropical area where the canned material, namely tuna and skipjack, is caught and landed. Canned products furnish standardized features...