This research work focuses on the mechanism of 1/f noise in GaAs
resistors on semi-insulating substrates and 1/f noise due to temperature
fluctuations in heat conduction in resistors, diodes, and bipolar transistors. The
goal of this research is to generate accurate models to explain physical origin of 1/f
noise in...
The sensors in real time data processing IoT devices require high resolution and sub-MHz data converters, usually implemented as Incremental ADCs due to the advantages of oversampling technique and low latency. In discrete time incremental (IDT) ADCs, the sampling switch non-linearity, charge injection degrade the resolution, and power hungry OPAMPs...
The dynamics of land use in the State of Oregon are simulated
on a digital computer. The introductory chapter outlines the complex
nature of the problems facing the post-industrial society and argues
that the scientific and professional estates share in the responsibility
for public policy formulation. The second chapter .presents...
Commonly proposed ocean wave energy converters (OWEC) use inefficient and maintenance demanding intermediate hydraulic and pneumatic systems. We propose a novel rotary direct-drive OWEC that eliminates these intermediate stages. The new device employs a contactless force transmission system (CFTS) comprising a “piston” and a “cylinder” and a ball screw to...
FISHNET (Facilities Integrated in a Shared Habitat) is a communication subnet architecture utilizing a hybrid application of point-topoint and broadcast communications to achieve a high degree of network performance. This objective is achieved through utilizing a dual bus structure: a data bus and a control bus. The data bus consists...
With the development of high performance power electronic and semiconductor technologies, Adjustable Speed Drive (ASD) systems are increasingly applied in residential, commercial and industrial applications. Due to the advantages at higher power ratings, the three-level Neutral-Point-Clamped (NPC) Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) is being employed in industrial and traction applications, static...
Power quality has become an important concern to both electric utilities and
end users due to the increased use of non-linear loads in modem power systems
over the past decade. Nonlinear loads inject harmonics into the power system and
thus may lead to poor power quality and lower power factor....
This dissertation presents a dual-path 2-0 MASH (Multi-stAge-noise -SHaping) ADC with two verified digital corrections of DAC mismatch error and quantization noise leakage. By using these two techniques, the requirements for the analog circuits are greatly relaxed. The dual-path structure generates two outputs, one only composed of conversion errors, the...
It is popular belief that the volatility of the exchange rate is due
to the balance of payments, which in turn is mainly influenced by the
balance of trade. A closed-loop dynamic economic model is proposed
to describe and analyse the effect of the international trade of a
country on...
This thesis proposes a novel fully digital technique for the estimation and correction of the DAC error in multi-bit delta sigma ADCs. The structure of the DAC error is indicated through a simple model for unit-element based DACs. The impact of the DAC error on the performance of ADC is...
The electrical grid is a key component of the Nation's critical infrastructure. Its continuous and reliable operation is of vital importance; any system-wide disruption would have a debilitating impact on crucial services, public health and safety, the economy, and the national security of the United States.
High-impact low-frequency events pose...
Over the last decade the increase in penetration of wind power and its variable nature has begun to add considerable stress to and threatened the stability of the nation's grid. In order to continue growth wind farms will need to have the ability to participate in the same grid frequency...
The counterflow pipeline concept was originated by Sproull et. al.[1] to demonstrate the concept of asynchronous circuits. The basic premise is that a simple architecture with only local communication and control and a simple regular structure will result in increased performance. This thesis attempts to analyze the performance of the...
Digital-to-analog converters (DACs) with wide dynamic range and high
linearity are required for high-end audio applications. A multi-bit delta sigma
audio DAC, using a novel gain-correction technique, is described in this thesis. For
widely varying on-chip RC time constant, the DAC gain can be accurately
controlled by the correction circuitry....
Evolution of the mobile communication standards and proliferation of hand-held devices mandate stringent Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) specifications. Among various ADCs, a ∆Σ ADC is best known as a power-efficient ADC when more than 12b is required. However, a conventional discrete-time (DT) ∆Σ Modulator (∆ΣM) is inadequate for low-power wideband applications...
In this dissertation, a new computational method for equality constrained nonlinear programming is developed. Specifically, problems of minimizing a nonlinear objective function f(x) subject to constraints h(x) = 0, where f is a scalar valued, x is an n-vector and h is a m-vector with m < n is considered....
A new modular loop architecture for distributed computer
systems has been developed and compared with three of the most
prominent loop architectures currently being used. The competitive
loops with which the new architecture has been compared
are the Newhall loop, the Pierce loop and the DLCN loop. The four
loop...
This work presents a novel CCRW receiver that utilizes a window of variable width, for e˙ectively mitigating multipath and ambiguity in both civil and military positioning applica-tions using Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). This CCRW receiver incorporates a single stroboscopic window, whose width is iteratively reduced until the e˙ect of...
The spread of the internet and communications techniques increases the necessity
for security in applications that involves sharing or exchange of secret or private infor-
mation. Public-key cryptography is widely used in establishing secure communication
channels between the users on the Internet, for E-commerce transactions, and in net-
work security...
The semiconductor gallium arsenide (GaAs) has many potential
advantages over the more widely used semiconductor silicon (Si).
These include higher low field mobility, semi-insulating substrates,
a direct band-gap, and greater radiation hardness. All these
advantages offer distinct opportunities for implementation of new
circuit functions or extension of the operating conditions...
As the performance gap between processor and memory grows, memory latency will be a major bottleneck in achieving high processor utilization. Multithreading has emerged as one of the most promising and exciting techniques used to tolerate memory latency by exploiting thread-level parallelism. The question however remains as to how effective...
Multi-instance data, in which each object (e.g., a document) is a collection of instances
(e.g., word), are widespread in machine learning, signal processing, computer vision,
bioinformatic, music, and social sciences. Existing probabilistic models, e.g., latent
Dirichlet allocation (LDA), probabilistic latent semantic indexing (pLSI), and discrete
component analysis (DCA), have been...
The potential for electric energy generation from ocean waves is substantial and much research is being conducted on the conversion process as a renewable, grid-connected, power source. Some of the same attributes that make wave energy harvesting attractive as a grid-connected source also make it attractive as a remote, or...
The effect of the mutual inductances between the rotor coils of a synchronous machine on its defined reactances and predicted transients are investigated. Two linearized models of the machine are considered. One uses the Laplace-Transform approach, with minimum number of assumptions on the inter-coil couplings, in developing a model for...
This dissertation presents a phase domain in-loop-bandwidth spread-spectrum clock generation technique. In this proposed technique, a charge-based discrete-time loop filter is proposed to enable the phase domain in-loop-bandwidth spread-spectrum modulation without a delta-sigma modulator or time-to-digital converter. The in-loop-bandwidth modulation technique maximizes the loop bandwidth to improve phase noise suppression...
Delta-Sigma (ΔΣ) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are widely used in wireless transceivers. Recently, continuous-time (CT) ΔΣ ADCs gain growing interest in wireless applications for their lower power consumption and wider input bandwidth as compared with the discrete-time (DT) counterparts.
In this thesis, a wideband low-power CT ΔΣ modulator for next generation...
The need for sustainably powering unobtrusive internet-of-things applications has led to an interest in energy harvesting. Particularly, the proliferation of wireless communication and devices in the 2.4 GHz Industrial Scientificc Medical (ISM) band creates an opportunity to leverage commonly used devices for RF powering. This dissertation presents a low-quiescent-power...
Pipelined analog to digital converters (ADCs) are very important building blocks in many electronic systems such as high quality video systems, high performance digital communication systems and high speed data acquisition systems. The rapid development of these applications is driving the design of pipeline ADCs towards higher speed, higher dynamic...
In the past few decades, magnetic recording has been used as a dominant solution for massive data storage due to its large capacity, excellent reliability and low cost. Nowadays, exponentially increasing user-generated information is creating a huge demand as well as great challenges for high density data storage solutions. For...
Successive-approximation-register (SAR) analog-to-digital converters are popular for medium accuracy, medium speed and low power applications, such as in biomedical applications. They have low latency and simple architecture compared with ΔΣ ADCs. This is because of SAR ADCs’ binary searching scheme. Furthermore, SAR ADCs can apply oversampling and noise shaping schemes...
As the number of mobile devices accessing large-scale WLANs such as campus
and metropolitan area networks increases, the need for load balancing among the
cells becomes crucial. In addition, the network must also support some minimum
handoff tolerance defined by an application.
A number of load balancing techniques have been...
A general discrete-time, adaptive, multidimensional framework is introduced
for estimating the motion of one or several object features from their successive
non-linear projections on an image plane. The motion model consists of
a set of linear difference equations with parameters estimated recursively from
a non-linear observation equation. The model dimensionality...
The ubiquity of high quality video and proliferation of mobile devices has contributed to an unprecedented rise in video consumption. HTTP, in conjunction with adaptive streaming, has become the de facto mechanism for delivering the vast majority of video as it readily caters to heterogeneous networks and devices. This dissertation...
The exponential rate of advances in modern communication devices in the last several years have brought us higher levels of functionality and performance as well as reductions in physical size and power consumption. To continue this rate of advancement, next generation systems require wider bandwidth and higher resolution ADCs. Additionally,...
In modern on-chip memories, an increasing demand for higher performance, lower power, reduced area, and improved robustness creates a rising need for advanced microarchitecture and circuit design techniques. Particularly in large-signal multi-ported register files, these advanced design techniques include: (i) multi-banked arrays, (ii) multi-frequency arrays, (iii) multi-bit width gating, (iv)...
Traditionally linear actuator applications are addressed by the use of hydraulic systems. The high maintenance cost and poor reliability will always be the most critical problem in the real applications. Benefited from both the high mechanical advantage of the roll screw and the simple structure of the switched reluctance motor,...
This dissertation proposes the use of advanced time-varying approaches for modeling the dynamics of the multipath channel in wireless communication networks. These advanced time-varying approaches include linear Kalman innovation models in observable block companion form, and neural network-based models. The e˙ectiveness of these type of models is evaluated through three...
Preventative methods for software reverse engineering have been given greater attention in recent times due to the increase in computational resources and tools available to the public. The inherent security provided by encoding source into machine code (executable form) can no longer be assumed, given the availability of effective automated...
Cryptographic devices leak timing and power consumption information that is easily measurable, radiation of various levels, and more. Such devices also have additional inputs, other than plaintext and keys, like voltage, which can be modified to force the device to produce certain faulty outputs that can be used to reveal...
Global Positioning Systems have allowed for precise timing of power system measurements over wide areas. This newly found capability has the potential to provide much greater insight into the operation of the power system and its response to contingencies, but few analytical techniques currently exist that provide enough robustness and...
The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm brought an ever-increasing dependence on low-power devices to collect sensor data and transmit that information to the cloud, placing greater demand on connectivity and lifespan. In response, rapid worldwide innovation demonstrates the trade-offs in processing, communication, and energy consumption with diverse approaches to low-power...
A non-volatile electrically alterable read-only memory using
an MOS field effect transistor with a threshold voltage which depended
upon the position of ionic charges for its memory was fabricated.
The conventional silicon dioxide layer was replaced by a composite
layer consisting of thermal silicon dioxide, electron beam
evaporated aluminum oxide,...
The objective of the research presented in this thesis is to develop, implement, and demonstrate the utility of an n-sheet, state-space alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) device model. In this model, the phosphor layer is discretized into n + 1 layers, with band-to-band impact ionization, space charge creation/ annihilation, and luminescent...
A new approximation technique to a certain class of nonlinear
filtering problems is considered in this dissertation. The method is
based on an approximation of nonlinear, partially-observable systems
by a stochastic control problem with fully observable state. The
filter development proceeds from the assumption that the
unobservables are conditionally Gaussian...
Layered multiconductor coupled slot and strip-slot structures are characterized by introducing the full-wave modal analysis as well as the quasi-TEM spectral domain technique. In the modal analysis, the electric and magnetic fields are constructed in terms of modal fields in different regions. Application of the boundary conditions at interfaces for...
The general expressions for finding the network functions, e.g.,
the immittance and the scattering parameters, of a general, uniformly
coupled n-line structure in an inhomogeneous medium are derived in
terms of the normal mode parameters of the system. These are used to
compute or to derive the explicit expressions for...
This dissertation focuses on the analysis, design, and application of inductor-capacitor (LC) oscillators for wireless sensor networks (WSNs).
First an analysis and design optimization approach for enhanced swing, low power CMOS LC oscillators is presented. A phasor based analysis is used for determining the amplitude and phase noise of these...
High speed serial links are critical components for addressing the growing demand for I/O bandwidth in next-generation computing applications, such as many-core systems, backplane and optical data communications. Due to continued process scaling and circuit innovations, today's CMOS serial link transceivers can achieve tens of Gb/s per pin. However, most...
The release of the IEEE802.15.6 standard has led to increased interest in low-power technologies for wireless body-area-networks (WBANs). The power dissipation, supply voltage, and die area are some of the most important criteria for successful WBAN implementations. Digital-intensive RX architectures can potentially result in sub-1V operation with significant reductions in...
Accurate, efficient and general computational
techniques are developed to evaluate the scattering
parameters of passive microstrip components composed of
discontinuities in microstrip transmission lines on
general two layer substrates with single and two level
metallization. An open domain model is used. The
Electric Field Integral Equation is examined and the...
The properties of linear active coupled lines consisting of
electrically long GaAs MESFET structures are investigated for possible
applications as traveling-wave broad-band amplifiers. In addition,
the nonlinear coupled Schottky lines are studied for applications as
voltage tunable circuit elements.
The analysis of the general active asymmetric coupled transmission
lines in...
A complete Gallium Arsenide Metal Semiconconductor
Field Effect Transistor (GaAs MESFET) model including deep-level
trap effects has been developed, which is far more
accurate than previous equivalent circuit models, for high-speed
applications in linear integrated circuit design.
A new self-backgating GaAs MESFET model, which can
simulate low frequency anomalies, is...
This thesis introduces a Brushless Doubly-Fed Machine (BDFM), stand-alone
generator system. Development of a BDFM current-forced model, along with the
analysis of air gap power distribution between the two stator windings and the rotor
circuit, pave the way for the characterization and analysis of stand-alone generator
systems.
The main disadvantage...
An advanced forward 'area tactical radar network, now under
conceptual development by the Air Force Electronic Systems Division,
can be viewed as a novel form of computer network but with
other unique problems resulting from the specialized nature of the
application. The proposed network will link together a number of...
Three aspects of Subsynchronous Resonance (SSR) related problems in power
systems are addressed in this dissertation which aims at contributing to a better
understanding of these problems.
Subsynchronous Resonance (SSR) problems in series compensated steam-turbine
power systems co-exist with the beneficial effects provided by the series capacitors.
Since the early...
This work addresses the application of Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) to a class of ocean wave energy conversion systems in which the cost functional is not in a standard quadratic form, and the WEC model includes the nonlinear effects, such as the hydrodynamic viscous drag. The NMPC implementation is...
The quality of a digital image pipeline relies greatly on its color reproduction which should at a minimum handle the color constancy, and the final judgment of the excellence of the pipeline is made through subjective observations by humans.
This dissertation addresses a few topics surrounding the color processing of...
Delta-sigma analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are suitable for many applications due to several advantages such as relaxed anti-aliasing filter, high signal-to noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) and most important of all, reduced sensitivity to
analog imperfections.This thesis introduces several structures to overcome loop imperfections and stability issues in delta-sigma modulators. First,...
For today’s ubiquitous portable devices, innovative integrated circuits with high performance
yet very low power are necessary. As these devices are used to communicate and sense real world signals in the environment, analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and systems are the key interface circuits needed to digitize the sensed information and they...
Throughput-oriented processors, such as graphics processing units (GPUs), have been increasingly used to accelerate general purpose computing, including machine learning models that are being utilized in numerous disciplines. Thousands of concurrently running threads in a GPU demand a highly efficient memory subsystem for data supply in GPUs. In this dissertation,...
Most of today’s Internet of Things (IoT) applications assume that data will be moved offdevices into centralized cloud platforms. While existing IoT systems leverage cloud-based analytics for meaningful data reasoning, the assumption that data should always be moved off the devices is problematic. The amount of data to be moved...
The trend towards higher resolution, faster refresh rate active-matrix liquid-crystal displays (AMLCDs) as well as the emergence of active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) displays is driving the demand for amorphous oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors (AOS TFTs) with higher mobility. A physics-based model for carrier transport in an amorphous semiconductor is...
Back end of line (BEOL) metal-insulator-metal capacitors (MIMCAPs) have become a core passive component in modern integrated circuits. International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) projections for scaling of analog/mixed-signal MIMCAP applications require simultaneously increasing capacitance density while maintaining low leakage current density and low voltage nonlinearity (characterized by the quadratic...
Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is an enabling technique for many new micro- and nanoscale technologies. The self-limiting surface chemical reactions by which ALD fundamentally operates give rise to uniquely high precision (atomic) control over deposited film thickness, uniformity over large areas, and conformality over complex and extreme topographies. One such...
The atomic solid state energy (SSE) scale is introduced as a tool for inorganic materials design. The SSE scale is obtained by assessing an average electron affinity (EA) (for a cation) or an average ionization potential (IP) (for an anion) for each atom using data from compounds having that specific...
Low noise oscillators are universally needed in digital systems for clock generation and synchronization, and in radio-frequency communication front-ends for frequency up- and down-conversion. Noise in oscillators results in timing jitter, and limits the clock frequency of digital systems. In radio-frequency communication systems, phase noise in oscillators lowers the signal-to-noise...
This thesis describes circuit architectures and techniques that facilitate the
automatic synthesis and fabrication of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). Since
automated synthesis already exists for digital circuits and is part of the digital
circuit design flow, this work demonstrates the feasibility of ADC synthesis with
little or no modification to presently...
A procedure for automating the design and layout of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is presented. This procedure makes use of the existing synthesis and place-and-route tools that are common in digital circuit design. A method for adding rudimentary analog cells to the standard library is described, allowing the designer to synthesize...
Wind turbines serve an increasing proportion of total energy generation, with expanded onshore and offshore installations proceeding worldwide. Continued construction, expansion, and operation of wind energy installations must be managed in conjunction with effects on local and migratory wildlife, specifically bird and bat species that may be affected by wind...
This work – in which three peer-reviewed academic papers are presented – addresses the ap-plication of Bayesian Reinforcement Learning to the control of a class of ocean wave energy conversion systems. The first paper presents a comparison of a Reinforcement-Learning (RL) based wave energy converter controller against standard Reactive Damping...
Wireless Networks have been widely adopted into a major part of today's network infrastructure. They have become a popular technology to not only expand the coverage of wired networks but also to interconnect a large wireless network, i.e., wireless mesh networks. As they allow more flexible communication than traditional wired-networks...
As a significant class of nonlinear systems, bilinear systems (BLS) are extensively developed in the past years. In addition to their advantages over linear systems which are often not adequate to represent accurately many control processes, the BLS are particularly appealing in modeling biological systems in which parametric controls are...
In engineering, biology, ecology, medicine, economics and social
science, some processes are essentially bilinear, and some could be
approximated accurately by bilinear processes under certain conditions.
In this thesis the bilinear stochastic process and bilinear time series
are discussed.
Bilinear models essentially are nonlinear; the superposition rule
is not valid....
In this research, a novel shunt compensation scheme
design procedure is developed for unbalanced, untransposed
n-phase transmission lines. The main function of the
scheme is to reduce the effect of the capacitive coupling
on untransposed transmission lines to levels where successful
single-pole switching is assured. The analysis procedure
is carried...
Designing spectral efficient, high-speed wireless links that offer high quality-
of-service and range capability has been a critical research and engineering challenge. In this thesis, we mainly address the complexity and performance issues of
channel estimation and data detection in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)
orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems over...
Due to the limitation of the radio frequency (RF) spectrum, it is increasingly more difficult to support billions of wireless devices in the age of Internet-of-Things. Consequently, many recent wireless indoor communication systems have been developed using free space optical (FSO) communication technologies that exploit the extremely large light spectrum...
The improved accuracy of Time Domain Reflection and Transmission (TDR/T)
measurements made possible by the calibration process known as Time Domain
Network Analysis (TDNA) is applied to the problem of characterization and modeling
of electronic interconnect and packaging structures. TDNA uses measurements of
known and partially known calibration standards to...
Recent developments in digital communications at microwave frequencies have revealed that local oscillator phase noise is often a factor in the bit error rate (BER) analysis. Digital signals transported across microwave radio links acquire waveform jitter from local oscillator phase noise. As jitter increases so does BER.
The main goals...
A new CAD-oriented methodology for the full-wave broadband characterization of coupled microstrip structures for RF/microwave and high-speed digital circuits is presented. The characterization methodology is based on the finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique combined with a systematic extraction procedure using the normal mode approach and multiport network concepts. The...
We consider the parallelization of Monte Carlo algorithms for analyzing numerical models of charge transport used in semiconductor device physics. Parallel algorithms for the standard k-space Monte Carlo simulation of a three band model of bulk GaAs on hypercube multicomputers are first presented. This Monte Carlo model includes scattering due...
Full integration of CMOS low noise amplifiers (LNA) presents a challenge for low
cost CMOS receiver systems. A critical problem faced in the design of an RF CMOS LNA
is the inaccurate high-frequency noise model of the MOSFET implemented in circuit
simulators such as SPICE. Silicon-based monolithic inductors are another...
Modern sensors are complex systems comprising multiple sub-systems such as transducers, analog and mixed-signal interface circuits, digital processing circuits, and packaging. Over the last few decades, innovations in these sub-systems combined with their increased integration in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) processes have led to the rapid growth in sensors for...
This research focuses on receiver architectures which enable better spectral eciency
by handling blockers in the same spectral range as the signal. The presence of
such blockers, without the use of blocker cancelling/ltering techniques leads to gain
compression and hence, consequent performance degradation of receivers leading to
reduced spectrum...
In this dissertation, we explored multiple coding techniques to reduce energy consumption, improve performance, and secure wireless sensor networks specifically and ad-hoc networks in general. With the introduction of Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G technologies, wireless sensor networks are quickly emerging as an important and key technology in the...
This thesis describes compensation techniques for cascaded delta-sigma A/D
converters (ADCs) and high-performance switched-capacitor (SC) circuits. Various
correlated-double-sampling (CDS) techniques are presented to reduce the effects of the
nonidealities, such as clock feedthrough, charge injection, opamp input-referred noise and
offset, and finite opamp gain, in SC circuits. A CDS technique...
Recent sensor System-on-Chips (SoC) have enabled significant advances in energy-efficiency by incorporating various micro-powered building blocks. Unfortunately, most of these sensor systems do not address the high power cost associated with data storage and transmission, which in some cases vastly exceeds the power consumed by the rest of the SoC....
Accurate and efficient computational methods to evaluate the
quasi-TEM parameters of various planar structures such as microstrips,
coplanar lines and coplanar waveguides are developed. The characteristic
parameters of all these structures which are used extensively
in microwave integrated circuits for applications as transmission
lines and other circuit elements are computed...
Concurrent error detection (CED) is the detection of errors or faults in a circuit or data path concurrent with normal operation of that circuit. The general approach for CED is to calculate a check symbol for the inputs to the circuit under operation, predict the check symbol that will result...
Two new medium access protocols for ring type local area networks,
CTR (Concurrent Token Ring) protocol and DRUID (Destination Removal
withoUt Intermediate node Delay) ring protocol, are proposed, designed and
analyzed. A destination partial removal technique is designed and used in
these two protocols to support concurrent message transmission and...
An application of the theory of conditionally Gaussian random
processes to filtering and stochastic control problems is presented
here. The results due to Liptser and Shiryayev are proved to hold
in the multidimensional case under somewhat relaxed conditions,
when compared to the original ones. Such a generalization is required
from...
Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) convert analog
continuous time signals into discrete time, digital format. One
precondition that must be met for conventional nyquist rate ADCs is
that the input signal must be suitably band-limited to an input
bandwidth less than the nyquist frequency. This mandates expensive
anti-alias filters which contribute to...
This thesis presents methods to reduce the effects of finite opamp DC gain, output voltage swing limitations in opamps, and component mismatches. The primary contribution of this thesis is a new switched-capacitor method named correlated level shifting (CLS). CLS enables true rail-to-rail operation by storing an estimate of the desired...
Authentication protocols play important roles in network security. A variety of authentication protocols ranging from complex public-key cryptosystems to simple password-based authentication schemes have been proposed. However, currently there is no fully secure authentication scheme that can resist all known attacks. When a user authentication is performed over an insecure...
In this dissertation, two important current mode circuit design subjects have
been explored. In the first part, the switched-current circuit technique has been
investigated. The fundamental performance and limitations of this technique are
explored. One of the major limitations, the signal distortion caused by clock
feedthrough has been substantially reduced...
There are nearly two million limb amputees living in the United States of America. Loss of limbs results in profound changes in one's life. However, the underlying neural circuitry and much of the ability to sense and control movements of their missing limb is retained even after limb loss. This...
Relational database systems have successfully solved many
business data processing problems. The primary reason of this
success is that the relational data model provides a simple, yet
flexible view of data as tables. In studying VLSI/CAD data, we noticed
that they are often represented in formats similar to relational
tuples....
The electrical stability of amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thinfilmtransistors (TFTs) is investigated for flat-panel display applications. Althoughproducts incorporating a-IGZO TFT backplanes are already commercially available,e.g., iMac with 5K retina display, technical challenges need to be addressed for nextgenerationapplications, e.g., active-matrix organic light-emitting diode displays.Device stability is one crucial issue. The...