Index Catalog // ScholarsArchive@OSU

Xanthohumol derivatives improve insulin sensitivity in obese mice

Creator:: Hay, Joshua
Abstract:: Metabolic syndrome, characterized by a collection of risk factors including abdominal obesity, insulin insensitivity, elevated plasma triglycerides, hypertension and low plasma high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), is a major contributing factor to the development of cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes (T2D). Xanthohumol (XN), a flavonoid isolated from Humulus lupulus cones, has...
Resource Type:: Presentation

Whole system perspective : Steelhead, Onchorhynchus mykiss, glutathione s-transferase as a biomarker of chlorpyrifos exposure

Creator:: Pecore, Rachael G.
Abstract:: Organophosphate insecticides may produce sublethal, adverse effects on salmonid growth, reproduction, maturation, swimming, and feeding. Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate insecticide, was detected by the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality in the Hood River and tributaries during March 1999 at levels exceeding state water quality standards in the range of 0.011-0.482 μg/L....
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

VOC Emisions and Categorization in Axenic Growth Conditions by Phaeodactylum tricornutum

Creator:: Thompson, Douglas A.
Abstract:: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play an integral role in climate change and as a carbon source for organisms living in a marine environment. These compounds have many sources, but the impacts of biogenically produced VOCs is not fully known. Phaeodactylum tricornutum was studied under axenic ideal growth conditions to determine...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Vernalization gene architecture as a predictor of growth habit in barley

Creator:: Heckart, Douglas
Abstract:: Winter hardiness in barley (Hordeum vulgare) is a trait targeted by breeding programs in order to expand the potential area of adaptation of fall-sown cereals. Vernalization requirement is an important factor in winter hardiness. A vernalization requirement is an extended period of low temperature required for transition from the vegetative...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Vegetative effects of RNAi-suppression of the poplar homolog of LEAFY in the field

Creator:: Jacobson, Jeremy
Abstract:: Due to public and regulatory restrictions, genetic containment technology is critical for research and development of transgenic trees in forestry. A multi-year field trial demonstrated that the RNAi-LFY construct successfully induces sexual sterility in 6K10 poplar (Populus alba) without visible effects on vegetative development. However, its limited number of replicates...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Utilization of structure-activity-relationship for predicting chemical toxicity in primary human lung cells

Creator:: Galbreath, Amanda
Abstract:: There is a growing need to establish alternative approaches for assessing hazard from chemical exposure compared to the traditional method of animal testing. Approaches that relate chemical structure to biological activity are gaining acceptance in the field as in silico methods for characterizing and predicting chemical toxicity. In this study,...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Using Mass Spectrometry to Trace Polyphenols in Human Urine

Creator:: Carrillo, Crystal V.
Abstract:: Diet History Questionnaires (DHQ) can only provide general information about a person’s nutritional intake. It is unable to cluster groups of people based on diets or lifestyles, nor identify specific foods that may play a role in disease prevention. The aim of this study was to validate the use of...
Resource Type:: Presentation and Undergraduate Thesis

Using Acetylene as a Low-cost and Effective Methanogenesis Inhibitor in Single Chamber Microbial Electrolysis Cells

Creator:: Trujillo, Stephanie
Abstract:: Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) for hydrogen production exhibit great advantages over many other biohydrogen production techniques in terms of versatility of substrate and hydrogen yield. However, hydrogen scavenging by methanogens put forward a great challenge to the application of the single chamber MECs when using mixed culture. Various strategies were...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Using Acetylene as a Low-cost and Effective Methanogenesis Inhibitor in Single Chamber Microbial Electrolysis Cells

Creator:: Trujillo, Stephanie
Abstract:: Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) for hydrogen production exhibit great advantages over many other biohydrogen production techniques in terms of versatility of substrate and hydrogen yield. However, hydrogen scavenging by methanogens put forward a great challenge to the application of the single chamber MECs when using mixed culture. Various strategies were...
Resource Type:: Presentation

Use of sheep in the control of an invasive bunchgrass

Creator:: Scholz, Ryan
Abstract:: Studies were conducted to assess influencing the effectiveness of sheep for grazing control of false brome (Brachypodium sylvaticum) an invasive grass species. Orphan lambs were exposed to false brome via grass extract in their milk and naturally reared lambs were exposed by grazing dense stands of false brome with their...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Use of Platelet Rich Plasma for the Treatment of Subclinical Endometritis in Beef Heifers

Creator:: Puttman, Elizabeth A.
Abstract:: Postpartum uterine inflammation (endometritis) is not uncommon in beef cattle, resulting in infertility and culling. Prolonged calving may contribute to the increased incidence of endometritis in heifers. Commonly used methods to treat endometritis in beef cattle include intrauterine antibiotics and/or hormone injections, which can result in meat residues. Platelet rich...
Resource Type:: Presentation and Undergraduate Thesis

Urinary Lipid Biomarkers for Detecting Canine Transitional Cell Carcinoma Pilot Study

Creator:: Pope, George
Abstract:: Canine Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) makes up 2% of all canine cancers and is the most common cancer of the bladder for dogs. Usually diagnosed in its later stages, TCC is difficult to treat, with low survival times. Current diagnosis involves invasive techniques, and mainstream screening tests are often ineffective....
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Urban Business Rodent Control Behavior and Attitudes Toward Rodents and Impact on Non-target Wildlife (Presentation), Urban business attitudes regarding rodents, rodent control methods, and impact on wildlife

Creator:: Arndt, Eva
Abstract:: Birds of prey and carnivorous mammals feed on small birds, rodents and other small mammals. Humans perceive many of the prey animals of these predators as well as the predators themselves, as “pests”, and seek to control them. Control methods for these unwanted pests, particularly rodents, have the potential to...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Unprecedented Retreat of Columbia Glacier Relative to the Last Millennium

Creator:: Kilmer, Zoe
Abstract:: Columbia Glacier, Alaska’s most rapidly retreating body of ice, provides a compelling insight into the fragile state of tidewater glaciers worldwide. Catastrophic retreat of the glacier’s terminal ice margin began in 1978 when contact was lost with its stabilizing terminal moraine shoal. Since this time, Columbia Glacier has lost ~20...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

United States Turtle Mapping Project with a Focus on Western Pond Turtle and Painted Turtle, United States Turtle Mapping Project with a Focus on the Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata) and the Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta)

Creator:: Barela, Kimberly L.
Abstract:: We compiled Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata) and Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta) locations in northwestern North America, consolidating data from multiple sources including nine U.S. State and Canadian Provincial jurisdictions. We assessed numbers of discrete locations, and analyzed distribution patterns temporally and spatially. Western Pond Turtle observation records ranged from...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Understanding Regulatory DNA in Plants Through Molecular Cloning and Transient Transformation

Creator:: Juarez, Cesar
Abstract:: Gene expression in plants (and other eukaryotes) is a very complex process. Gene expression is primarily controlled by proteins and their binding sites near the gene in the chromosomal DNA. More specifically, interactions among transcription factors (DNA-binding proteins) and cis-regulatory modules (CRMs-sets of binding sites) control the expression of nearby...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Understanding epistasis in linkage analysis : The Kap and lks2 loci in the Oregon Wolfe Barley poputlation

Creator:: McCoy, Serena B.
Abstract:: An organisms' genotype may not be reflected in its phenotype. For example, epistasis - the interaction of non-allelic genes can cause deviations from expected phenotypic ratios. The epistatic interaction between the hooded (Kap) and short-awned (lks2) loci in barley (Hordeum vulgare) precludes the localization of the Kap locus, based on...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Tumorigenic bacteria from blueberry stem galls are related to Rhizobium tumorigenes-like Agrobacteria found in Rhododendron crown gall in Germany

Creator:: Khalib, Nurul Ain
Abstract:: Blueberry stem galls in Pacific Northwest are often attributed to Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The disease also is associated with indole-3-acetic-acid (IAA) producing bacteria, as described on cranberry stem gall. Lack of studies makes it difficult to conclude whether these two types of bacteria could be the causal agent of stem gall...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Trace element concentration in tree-rings biomonitoring centuries of environmental change

Creator:: Padilla, Kimberly L. and Anderson, Kim A.
Abstract:: Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to examine trace element concentration in treerings over three and half centuries to assess macro-trends of environmental change. Tree-rings of a 350+ year old mammoth ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) were analyzed for element concentration and evaluated versus local and global historical events....
Resource Type:: Article

Toxicological Investigations of Two Poisonous Plants, Tansy Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) and Summer Dandelion (Hypochaeris radicata) with Potential Therapeutic Agents, Quillaja and Milk Thistle

Creator:: Trejo, Elyssa A.
Abstract:: Stringhalt is a disorder in horses characterized by high stepping with hyperflexion of the hind limbs. This disorder has been reported from the US, Australia, Chile, and Brazil. In most instances, the disease manifests itself in horses exposed to summer dandelion (Hypochaeris radicata). Stringhalt has been induced by feeding summer...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Toxicity Screening of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Primary Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells

Creator:: Amador, Samantha B.
Abstract:: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a known class of chemicals that are linked to a multitude of adverse health outcomes. There are over 1,500 of these chemicals across various families and subgroups. 16 of these PAHs, known as parent PAHs, are identified by the EPA for focused risk assessment within...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Toxicity and Mutagenicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Contaminated Soils using Mammalian In Vitro Assay

Creator:: Luker, George W.
Abstract:: There exists a growing need to establish a better in vitro model for evaluating PAH toxicity and carcinogenicity and to improve assessments of risk to human health, especially to the complex mixtures that exist in the environment. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants due to the incomplete combustion...
Resource Type:: Presentation

Toxicity and Mutagenicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Contaminated Soils using Mammalian In Vitro Assay

Creator:: Luker, George W.
Abstract:: There exists a growing need to establish a better in vitro model for evaluating PAH toxicity and carcinogenicity and to improve assessments of risk to human health, especially to the complex mixtures that exist in the environment. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants due to the incomplete combustion...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

The use of lichen to monitor semivolatile organic compounds in high elevation ecosystems

Creator:: Moore, Eli
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

The toxicogenetic effects of a chitosan based hemostatic control patch in rat models

Creator:: Colburn, Andrew J.
Abstract:: Chitosan based hemorrhage control dressings provide effective external hemorrhage control while having few side effects. Known residual contaminants present in chitosan formulations include endotoxins and proteins known to stimulate gene expression in the liver. This study investigated gene expression in the liver using rat bio-compatibility models to gain knowledge regarding...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

The Storage of Grain and Aging of Flour, and Their Effects on Flour Functionality

Creator:: Miranda-Garcia, Omar
Abstract:: Flour aging is thought to occur naturally during storage of wheat flour. In soft-wheat it is hypothesized that aging may increase water absorption properties of the flour. The aim of this study was to determine if the absorption capacity of flour changes as a response to flour aging. Absorption was...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

The Role of NhaP1, NhaP2, and NhaP3 Antiporters in the Acid Tolerance of Vibrio cholerae

Creator:: Gillon, Jacqueline and Schubiger, Carla
Abstract:: Vibrio cholerae (Vc), the etiological agent of cholera, has developed many mechanisms to combat the great fluctuations in pH, ion content and osmotic conditions of the vastly differing environments it encounters through its infections of the human host. A series of cation antiporters are found in the Vc membrane to...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

The Release of Nickel from Stainless Steel into Cooked Foods

Creator:: Kamerud, Kristin L.
Abstract:: Toxicological studies show that oral doses of nickel can cause allergic contact dermatitis, and routes of exposure, such as nickel leached from stainless steel cookware are not well characterized. In this study, four variables: grade of stainless steel, cook time, stainless steel seasoning or cooking cycles, and commercial tomato sauces,...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

The impact of microclimate variation on budburst phenology within a mature Douglas-fir tree (Pseudostuga menziesii)

Creator:: Miller, Rebecca A.
Abstract:: Budburst, the initiation of annual growth in plants, is sensitive to climate variation and is therefore used to monitor physiological responses to climate change. Budburst timing can vary between regions of an individual tree, but this phenomenon it is unaccounted for in current monitoring efforts and may contribute to the...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

The Gut Microbiome Drives Benzo[a]pyrene's Impact on Zebrafish Behavioral Development

Creator:: Sieler, Michael J.
Abstract:: Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a common environmental pollutant produced from the incomplete combustion of organic matter, such as fossil fuel emissions. In vertebrates, B[a]P exposure is associated with hyperactivity, though the underlying mechanisms driving this effect are undescribed. Mounting evidence indicates that the gut microbiome, which is the diverse community of...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

The Effect of Sucrose on the Stability of Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Creator:: Redmond, Jillian
Abstract:: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a major concern in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. There is currently no vaccine available. While it causes a significant number of hospitalizations and complications, RSV is a thermo labile virus and not very stable in the environment. This matter complicates the creation of...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

The Effect of Intracellular Zinc Concentration on Immune Activation and Proinflammatory Response in THP-1 Monocytes

Creator:: Rinaldi, Nicole A.
Abstract:: Zinc is an essential micronutrient required for many cellular functions, including the development and function of the immune system. The biological consequences of zinc deficiency illustrate the significance of zinc in human health. Zinc deficiency has been shown to cause the dysregulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses, as...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

The crystal structure of San Miguel sea lion virus type 5 and the possible association of caliciviruses to spontaneous abortions in terrestrial animals

Creator:: Lounsbury, Jeff, Karplus, Andrew, and Smith, Alvin
Abstract:: Crystallizing a virus can be difficult and not always successful. Forty-eight salts, buffers, and precipitating agents were used in the hanging drop preparations in attempts to crystallize the San Miguel sea lion virus type 5 (SMSV-5). The first attempt resulted in 22 of the 48 solutions forming a precipitate. The...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Telomere Binding Protein Antagonists for Stem Cell Therapy

Creator:: VanGarde, Aurora
Abstract:: Understanding the mechanisms through which stem cells self-renew is important for the development of new therapies to repair and restore damaged tissue. This research explores possible mechanisms of telomere mimic action and seeks to validate a new assay for evaluating telomere binding antagonists and studying the effects of telomere binding...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Targeting Chemotherapeutic Resistance through Bcl-2

Creator:: Avery, Jonathan, Pearce, Martin, and Kolluri, Siva
Abstract:: Access restricted, at author's request, until June 20, 2021 due to proprietary information.
Resource Type:: Presentation

Targeting chemotherapeutic resistance in breast cancer

Creator:: Avery, Jonathan
Abstract:: The Bcl-2 family of proteins regulate cell survival and are targets for cancer therapy. This protein family has also been implicated in chemotherapeutic resistance, the cause of approximately 90% of treatment failure in advanced cancer. We analyzed the expression and the role of the Bcl-2 proteins in chemotherapy resistant breast...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Systematically evaluating the developmental toxicity of nanomaterials using the zebrafish model

Creator:: Edwards, Sabrina R.
Abstract:: As engineered nanomaterials (ENM) become more common in consumer products, it is crucial to rapidly assess toxicity of unique ENM. Previous studies rarely focused on standardizing nanotoxicity testing, leading to inconsistent and irreproducible results. This study characterized a variety of ENM of different size, shape, core type, and surface charge...
Resource Type:: Poster, Undergraduate Thesis, and Presentation

Superior Anti-tumor Activity Exhibited From a Gemcitabine Prodrug Incorporated into Lecithin-Based Nanoparticles

Creator:: Sandoval, Michael
Abstract:: Cancer is class of diseases that has great diversity and unfortunately is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Chemotherapy remains an important cancer treatment modality, and superior chemotherapeutic drugs are constantly being sought. Gemcitabine is an anti-tumor chemotherapeutic drug and it is the first line...
Resource Type:: Poster, Undergraduate Thesis, and Presentation

Suitability of selected enzyme assays as future soil quality indicators

Creator:: Taylor, Anne Elizabeth
Abstract:: Deforestation, intensive agriculture and chemical use all can cause long-lastingn negative impacts on soil health. With all the vital functions that soils perform and the potential for further soil degradation, it is important that standards of soil quality or soil health be implemented. Soil aggregation is considered to be a...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Studies on a transgenic approach to decrease gliadin content in wheat

Creator:: Bell, Shannon M.
Abstract:: Celiac disease, an autoimmune response triggered by the consumption of seed storage proteins of cereals, affects an estimated 1% of the human population. In the case of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the world’s most consumed cereals, alcohol-soluble proteins, the gliadins, have been identified as the allergy-eliciting agents. Previous...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Stomach Analysis of Top Aquatic Predators in a Headwater Stream Network

Creator:: Ain, Najma
Abstract:: Top predators play important roles in regulating communities and ecosystem processes in freshwater ecosystems. In the headwater stream network, it is crucial to understand the interspecific interaction between multiple predators. In Oregon forested ecosystems, Coastal Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon tenebrosus) and cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) are the top predators in many...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Spatial variability of heavy metals within a tree using the Othitricum lyellii moss biomonitor model

Creator:: Field, Gillette M.
Abstract:: The variability of heavy metal concentrations (Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu) of the terrestrial moss Orthotrichum lyellii on single trees was evaluated at two sites in the Pacific Northwest, one relatively unpolluted and the other polluted. In addition, a reciprocal transplant of O. lyellii between the unpolluted and polluted sites...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Spatial and temporal distribution of soil mesofauna in a managed grassland ecosystem

Creator:: Neese, Kristine Maree
Abstract:: Little is known about upland agricultural grassland soil invertebrate composition and its contribution to ecosystem functioning. Soil-dwelling organisms play a central role in soil formation, plant nutrition, and are significant food contributors for organisms in several trophic levels. Information is needed about mesofauna seasonal population and composition trends throughout the...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Soil surface CO2 efflux across the climatic gradient of the Oregon Transect for Terrestrial Ecological Research (OTTER)

Creator:: Martin, Mark A.
Abstract:: Soil CO2 efflux is a major contributor of CO2 to the atmosphere. The rate that CO2 is respired out of the soil is called the soil flux (Fs). Many variables alter Fs. These variables differ drastically in the variety of ecosystems found on the earth. It is important to understand...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Soil Fire Ecology: Assessing Wildfire Severity Impacts on Pacific Northwest Forest Soil Carbon

Creator:: Fleetwood, Shea
Abstract:: Pacific Northwest temperate rainforests are anticipated to experience increasingly frequent and severe wildfires in the foreseeable future due to climate change, increased fuel loads, and deforestation. Soil, underlying these forests, is the largest terrestrial carbon (“C”) reservoir. Fire disturbance influences soil C persistence, the timeframe and magnitude of which remain...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Serum Haptoglobin as an Indicator for Calving Difficulties and Postpartal Diseases in Transition Dairy Cows

Creator:: Sabedra, Dominique A.
Abstract:: Abstract Haptoglobin is an acute phase protein that is elevated in response to tissue damage and infections in dairy cows. The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether serum haptoglobin concentrations in the first week after calving can indicate disease status and severity, and whether haptoglobin concentrations are elevated...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

Salal in old growth forests : The significance of gaps in understory carbon balancewith and examination of the link between climate change and rural livelihoods in developing countries : an opportunity for Latin America

Creator:: Mayfield, Joyce Bybee
Abstract:: Gaps in the forest canopy allow more light to reach the understory. Since light in the understory is heterogeneous, understanding the physiological processes in gaps and non-gaps will improve estimates of carbon balance. This research outlines an approach for defining carbon balance for Salal (Gaultheria shallon Pursh.), a dominant understory...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Relative heat sensitivities and the potential for soil solarization to remediate nursery beds infested with Phytophthora spp.

Creator:: Weidman, Clara Suzanne
Abstract:: Infestations of container nursery beds by Phytophthora spp. can be persistent and costly. One method of disinfestation that does not require the use of chemicals is soil solarization, which captures energy from the sun to heat soil and thermally inactivate target pathogens. In laboratory temperature gradient experiments, I investigated the...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Relationships among soil pH, redox potential, and ferrous iron content data obtained from various field and lab methods

Creator:: Aleshire, Dannelle R.
Abstract:: Relationships among soil pH, redox potential, and ferrous iron content data obtained from various field and lab methods were determined, with the following 4 objectives: 1.) Compare pH values obtained in the field to those obtained in the lab 2.) Evaluate different methods to measure pH in field 3.) Determine...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis

Relationship Between Winter Downwelling Conditions and Summer Hypoxia Severity Along the Oregon Coast

Creator:: Walters, Helen Marie
Abstract:: Hypoxia is a naturally occurring phenomenon that happens seasonally off the Oregon coast. As a consequence, there has been a great deal of research focused around analyzing the strength and duration of the hypoxic event during the summer season. This paper, however, takes an innovative approach by looking at the...
Resource Type:: Undergraduate Thesis and Presentation

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