Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study was to determine whether there were significant
statistical differences in achievement between first-grade students
taught mathematics by male teachers as compared to first-grade students
taught mathematics by female teachers. A substantive hypothesis was
formed, which stated: "This writer hypothesizes that mean-gain...
The effects of enriching the rearing environment of laying hens on their learning ability and behavior were investigated. Day old ISA brown layer chicks were group housed in open floor pens that were either enriched or unenriched. The enriched rooms contained visual stimuli in the form of hanging decorations, auditory...
When sulfur dioxide is used in commercial drying of fruits in
combination with low storage temperatures, browning and microbial spoilage
can be inhibited. However, the relationship between moisture level,
storage temperature, and sulfur dioxide content on the color of dried
fruit is not known; therefore the purpose of this research...
Inhibition of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) by sulfur dioxide (SO₂)
was studied using three different sources of PPO (banana, mushroom,
and pear). Several methods to detect PPO activity were tested due to
SO₂, interference in some of the assays. The method using
2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid (TNB) to react with the quinones was...
The study was conducted to identify variables, from
among the theory related and demographic/biographic variables
included in the study, which were able to discriminate
between groups of male and groups of female freshmen
who differed in their level of self-actualization.
Five hundred and forty freshmen (277 males and 263
females)...
For adult learners to succeed in their educational endeavors, adult educators and event planners must meet their needs and goals (Storksdieck, Ellenbogen, & Heimlich, 2005). The learning environment affects how adults learn and what outcomes they achieve (e.g., Hamilton & Tee, 2010; Knowles, 1990; Lim, Morris, & Kupritz, 2007; Young,...
Published February 1957. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Breadmaking quality is an important criterion in breeding and development of hard wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Improvements in N management are needed to produce superior quality grain and satisfy market demands for protein content. Field experiments with three hard red and two hard white spring wheat cultivars were conducted...
The mechanisms of mortality during critical life stages of fish are not well-understood and, for many species, it is not clear if the mechanisms are similar for naturally and artificially propagated individuals. For Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), natural fish potentially face negative interactions, such as competition, and survival disadvantages, such...
Plantago ovata Forssk. (Plantaginaceae) is a species that, in North America, inhabits desert and Mediterranean habitats of the southwest United States, northwest Mexico, and the Channel Islands of California and Mexico. In the Eastern Hemisphere, P. ovata inhabits desert regions ranging from the Canary Islands, across northern Africa to India....
Crops were planted into tilled strips in an established perennial ryegrass
(Lolium perenne L. 'Manhattan II'), sod covering various portions (55%, 66%,
77%) of the row width. Italian beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'Romano II')
biomass and yields showed a trend among sod strips with lower yields
produced in plots with...
This study examined the effects of pH, temperature,
washing, and post-hydration drying on germination of
Anisogramma anomala ascopores. Spores germinate most
readily in the temperature range of 5 to 15 degrees C, with
an optimal temperature of 10 degrees (1 sd=0.05). Growth
was best in the pH range of 5...
Kelso's theory of Biocultural Evolution states that as culture evolves, the variation between groups diminishes while the variation within groups increases. The theory is tested with stature, cephalic index and nasal index. Means and standard deviations for these traits are examined for 237 ethnic groups. The groups are organized according...
This paper was written as a book chapter on the ecology and biology of sage grouse. Because the book was never fully developed, we chose to publish the information with the OSU Agricultural Experiment Station.
Empirical studies and theory have identified many early predictors of children's academic achievement and externalizing problems. Moreover, research shows that children's early cognitive abilities and behavioral problems are strong predictors of later academic achievement and externalizing problems. The current dissertation studies extend previous work and unpack how early predictors relate...
Reoxidation and mobilization of previously reduced and immobilized uranium by dissolved-phase oxidants poses a significant challenge for remediating uranium-contaminated groundwater. Preferential oxidation of reduced sulfur-bearing species, as opposed to reduced uranium-bearing species, has been demonstrated to limit the mobility of uranium at the laboratory scale yet field-scale investigations are lacking....
Published January 1970. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 1958. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Tidal marshes are dynamic ecosystems that are threatened by climate change and sea-level rise. To characterize baseline condition and historic climate sensitivities, and improve projections into the future, new methods are required that integrate data from the field and remote sensing platforms. Marsh elevation response models can be calibrated with...
BACKGROUND: On the basis of the 2014 guidelines for hypertension therapy in the United States,
many eligible adults remain untreated. We projected the cost-effectiveness of treating
hypertension in U.S. adults according to the 2014 guidelines.
METHODS: We used the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model to simulate drug-treatment and
monitoring costs, costs...
Full Text:
PA, Barnett
PG, et al. ACC/AHA statement on cost/
value methodology in clinical practice
guidelines
Reproductively and geographically isolated populations of predators may be synchronized by a phenomenon known as the Moran effect—specifically if they exhibit common responses to external processes, such as climate, density dependence (parasites, disease), or prey. Prey has the ability to synchronize predators if geographically isolated predator populations target the same...
Full Text:
(Barnett- Johnson et al.
2007). As Chinook in Southeast Alaska waters are
dominated by fish from southern
The underlying causes of mortality during critical life stages of fish are not well
understood, nor is it clear if these causes are similar for naturally versus artificially propagated (i.e.
hatchery) individuals. To assess the importance of selective mortality related to production type
(hatchery vs. naturally produced) and size at...
This study sought a better understanding of the mechanism of
the near-ultraviolet inhibition of microsclerotia and pigment formation
in the fungus Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berth. by observing
changes which occur in certain major biochemical components:
lipids, chitin, RNA, DNA, protein carbohydrates, and pigment.
The most important finding was that...
Identifying effective strategies for increasing access to quality care for children from low-income families has important implications for society. This study examined the effectiveness of expanding child care assistance for low-income families (capping expenses at 10% of income and raising eligibility to 200% of the federal poverty line) to purchase...
There is growing evidence that children develop science-related interests in early childhood, before they enter school, and that these interests may have long-term implications for science participation and achievement. Although researchers have made headway in describing interest development in the preschool years, little is currently known about the proximal processes...
We measured oxygen consumption rates, the activities of citrate synthase (CS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and protein contents for over 30 species of deep-sea pelagic Copepoda. The lowest oxygen consumption rates were measured in Euaugaptilus magnus and the highest rates were measured in Paraeuchaeta tonsa. Weight-specific oxygen consumption rates declined...
A causative factor in declining greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus)
populations is reduced annual recruitment due to poor habitat quality. Sage-grouse
population decline is concurrent with a decline in the extent and quality of the
sagebrush (Artemisia sp.) biome. However, current research has shown a positive
relationship between sage-grouse brood and...
Due to significant lipid and carbohydrate production as well as other useful properties such as high production of useful biomolecular substrates (e.g., lipids) and the ability to grow using non-potable water sources, algae are being explored as a potential high-yield feedstock for biofuels production. In both natural and engineered systems,...
Numerous attempts have been made to identify the flavor
compounds in Blue cheese, however, duplication of Blue cheese
flavor has not yet been accomplished. Therefore, it was desirable
to make a qualitative and quantitative investigation of Blue
cheese flavor compounds and to study the effect of certain microorganisms
on Blue...
Self-regulation skills lay the foundation for short- and long-term school success, and strengthening these skills in early childhood can have significant implications for immediate and future life outcomes (e.g., Blair & Diamond, 2008; McClelland, Acock, Piccinin, Rhea, & Stallings, 2013). A large body of literature has investigated how characteristics of...
The objective of this research was to clarify the basis
of subfertility in Delaware roosters. It was anticipated
that a sensitive method would be needed to compare seminal
plasma protein composition between subfertile and fertile
roosters. Consequently, the applicability of two-dimensional
electrophoresis was tested as a tool for the
analysis...
Natural gas extraction, often referred to as “fracking,” has increased rapidly in the U.S. in recent years. To address potential health impacts, passive air samplers were deployed in a rural community heavily affected by the natural gas boom. Samplers were analyzed for 62 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Results were grouped...
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impact of shale gas operations in the Barnett Shale region on 446
volatile organic compounds in air and
Treatment providers seek low-cost, high-impact means of engaging clients in care with the aim to enhance treatment delivery and outcomes. With improvements to mobile technology making cell phone accessibility and usage rates high across all socio-economic levels, text messaging is becoming more frequently utilized as a means of promoting provider-client...
Although only a minority of introduced species become established and have noticeable consequences in their new communities, some can displace native species, alter food webs, and cause local extinctions. Studying these invasive species can provide new insights into basic ecological questions as well as inform management strategies. Pacific lionfish (Pterois...
Oblique subduction of the Juan de Fuca plate beneath the North American plate characterizes the tectonic setting of the Pacific Northwest. North American plate deformation at the latitude of central Oregon consists of the clockwise-rotation of the Siletzia block in the forearc and the extensional Basin and Range province in...
It is the purpose of this thesis to present a course of study in
general "Power Mechanics" which would enable the junior high school student
to understand the elementary principles of power generation and distribution,
and to appreciate the relationships of the use of power to our social order.
The...
The fungi that cause mold and stain of freshly sawn lumber result in millions of dollars in losses to the forest products industry. Stain and mold are typically prevented by either kiln drying or by application of a topical fungicide. While these treatments are effective, kiln drying is costly and...
The feasibility of managing codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), with mixtures
of Bacillus thuringiensis-based microbial and selected chemical insecticides was
studied under laboratory and field conditions. Joint actions (synergism, additivity and
antagonism) of these mixtures were determined for both egg and larval stages. Higher
rates of microbial control agents (MCAs),...
Despite the perceived importance of grab bars to facilitate aging-in-place and healthy aging, many community-dwelling older adults do not have them installed. The aim of this study was to investigate predictors of grab bar installation among well-educated community dwelling seniors. Data was collected quantitatively through an electronic survey of Oregon...
Oomycetes form a deep lineage of eukaryotic organisms that includes a large number of plant pathogens which threaten natural and managed ecosystems. We undertook a survey to query the community for their ranking of plant-pathogenic oomycete species based on scientific and economic importance. In total, we received 263 votes from...
Random processes are monitored over space and time by a network of stations distributed across a spatial region. Researchers have developed several analysis techniques to model the random process. Some of them require assumptions on the spatio-temporal variability of the process. An alternative method to analyze spatio-temporal data that does...
The relationship between population characteristics and population productivity is fundamental to sustainable fisheries management, but predicting productivity remains a challenging task. Proposed mechanisms driving the variability in productivity at a given population size have included environmental and demographic factors related to the age structure of the population, but the broad-scale...
The community college baccalaureate movement has shown strong growth across the country as a strategy to meet workforce shortages. A variety of forces are driving the movement including (a) employer demand for higher credentials; (b) geographical access to education; (c) lower cost education; (d) a trained workforce to compete in...
Located on the central Oregon coast, the Umpqua Eden site (35D083) yielded an artifact assemblage which is one of the five largest assemblages from the Oregon coast. The first aspect of the site that I looked at is the people who lived at the site, the ancestors of the Confederated...
Past research on Head Start has focused on child outcomes, yet Head Start services also target the behaviors of parents. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Well-being Study (FFCW), the current study examined the effect of Head Start on mother (n = 3,575) and father (n = 1,812)...
It is well established that family members,
particularly adult children, are involved in their frail
parents' decision making. It remains unclear however, how
intergenerational decision-making influence is exercised and
how it relates to personal and relationship characteristics.
This study examined the impact of decision-making strategies
and a mother's level of...
Two field corn experiments were conducted on a Woodburn silt loam soil near Corvallis, Oregon, in 1972-1973 to investigate the effects of certain soil management practices on the yield and performance of corn (Zea mays L.). Experiment I involved variables that included three corn row spacings (76, 114, and 152...
Assessments of climate change over time scales that exceed the last 100 years require robust integration of high-quality instrument records with high-resolution paleoclimate proxy data. In this study, we show that the recent biogenic sediments accumulating in two temperate ice-free fjords in Southeast Alaska preserve evidence of North Pacific Ocean...
We evaluated the relative importance of "bottom-up" (production-limited) and "top-down" (predator-mediated) processes during early marine residence in a population of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from the upper Columbia River, USA. We examined length, mass, and condition index of age-0 juveniles collected in the ocean during June and September across 11...
Research suggests that entrepreneurs tend to seek to maximize utility when considering whether to pursue a new venture opportunity. However, when choosing whether to persist with their current venture or not, utility maximization may not be of primary importance. Using a conjoint experiment, we examine the difference between policies in...
Reconciling rates of organic carbon export from the euphotic zone with the consumption of organic material in the dark ocean remains one of the major quantitative uncertainties of the ocean carbon cycle. Euphotic zone net community production (NCP) provides one broad constraint on export flux and potential carbon drawdown. However,...
Altitudinal variations in upland regions of the earth create
variable climatic zones and conditions. Plant and animal
communities must adapt to these conditions, and when they reach
their tolerance limits for environmental conditions at the upper
levels of a zone, they cease to exist in the environment. Humans
also utilize...
The present study examined the influence of Crafted With Pride in
the USA stimuli and country of origin on consumers' attitudes toward
and evaluations of clothing. The sample consisted of 112 female
college students enrolled in one of three courses in the College of
Home Economics, Spring term, 1988.
A...
Livestock grazing is the prominent land use in Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis [Beetle & A. Young] S.L. Welsh) steppe and has been present since the late 1800’s. There have been calls to remove livestock grazing from rangelands as historic grazing practices resulted in the degradation of some...
Microalgae has been under careful consideration as a sustainable feedstock for renewable fuel recently due to its year round production with high energy yields per unit area, reduced need for arable land, water treatment benefits with nutrient cycling, and minimal competition with the food industry. Despite of all these advantages,...
Existing research reports the importance of brine injection technology in enhancing the quality of muscle products such as poultry, beef, and pork. In fish, the utilization of brine injection technology is well-known for delivering marinade ingredients for salted or smoked fish production. Until now, there has been limited published scientific...
Quantification and comparison of morphological changes over the last ~300 y in Oregon salt marshes provide valuable insights into the tectonic, hydroclimatic, and anthropogenic processes shaping this important intertidal zone. Understanding of the rates and drivers of salt marsh change contextualizes intertidal habitats within the sediment routing system (i.e., source...
The present study examined the influence of country-of- origin on the apparel purchase decision. One-hundred and eighty-one adult female sweater purchasers were surveyed directly following the purchase of a sweater for personal use in the Portland, Oregon, metropolitan area. The sample consisted of 138 department store shoppers and 43 discount...
This index provides access to infonnation about women in 102 books and journals. The information contained in each entry is only as good as the original and the quality varies considerably. Much of this infonnation has not before been easily accesible in this form. My hope is that this index...
The dramatic upsurge of contract-supported archaeological activity,
generated by legislative action, has precipitated an increase
in information about Oregon's prehistoric peoples. This information,
however, has not been presented in a format which can be easily
understood by the general public.
This study presents an account of early peoples in Oregon,...
Includes 1922 Summer School Graduates.
In the following pages the information, so far as it has been possible to obtain it, is given in the following order for each alumnus: Name, year in which the degree was conferred, degree, course, present occupation, and present mailing address.
Two objectives of this research were to identify fungi which are
mycorrhizal with western hemlock and to examine the ecology of hemlock
mycorrhizal fungi indigenous to outplanting sites. Another objective
was to evaluate the effectiveness of mycorrhizal inoculation in
improving the performance of outplanted hemlock seedlings.
A list of over...
The United States Forest Service's Passport In Time program is designed to involve the public in archaeology on National Forest land. Three of the program's goals are: 1) allow archaeologists to conduct research they would not otherwise have the time or the budget to conduct; 2) teach the public about...
Agrivoltaic systems promote dual use of land by combining solar energy and agricultural production. Grazing sheep in these systems is popular but research on intentionally designed pastures to increase production is lacking. This study seeks to compare the herbage growth and lamb production in simple, diverse, and legume pasture mixes...
Two experiments were conducted on wine grapes 'Chardonnay' and
'Gewurtztraminer' (Vitis vinifera L.) in 1986 and 1987 to
investigate the performance of grapes in competition with perennial
ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) 'Manhattan 11' sod, the competition
between sod and grapes for nutrients and moisture and the effects
of nitrogen fertilization...
California brome and blue wildrye are important native grass species in the Pacific Northwest. However, both species have been reported to have low emergence under less than favorable field conditions. Seed coating is used to improve emergence and stand establishment of various crops. Three studies were carried out to determine...
Inoculations of white fir, Shasta red fir, Douglas fir and
ponderosa pine with Pisolithus tinctorius spores when outplanted
failed to produce P. tinctorius mycorrhizae at the end of the first
growing season. In the third year a few P. tinctorius mycorrhizae
were formed on white fir. Inoculations reduced seedling survival...
This report includes information concerning experimental use of unregistered pesticides or unregistered uses of pesticides. Experimental results should not be interpreted as recommendations for use. Use of unregistered materials or use of any registered pesticides inconsistent with its label is against both Federal Law and State Law.
Fusarium proliferatum is a fungus found in soils which produces the mycotoxin group known as fumonisins. Of human concern due to hepato-, nephro- and neurotoxicity, the threat of fumonisins lies within several food items, including corn, wheat sorghum, asparagus and, more recently, garlic. Manifesting as ““garlic rot”,” F. proliferatum infection...
This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Springer and can be found at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2835-6
The ubiquity and importance of parasite co-infections in populations of free-living animals is beginning to be recognized, but few studies have demonstrated differential fitness effects of single infection versus co-infection in free-living populations. We investigated interactions between the emerging bacterial disease bovine tuberculosis (BTB) and the previously existing viral disease...
Several experiments involving broilers and laying hens
were conducted to study the effects of feeding crab meal,
dried whey and cellulose. The positive responses of crab
meal as a substance for improving the utilization of dried
whey and cellulose were examined. Cellulose treated with
concentrated H3PO4 in broiler diets and...
Changes in snow’s influence on surface ground temperature (SGT) could create a bias
in the borehole temperature record of climate change. Using a snow-ground thermal model
which predicts changes in the mean annual offset between SGT and surface air
temperature (SAT), we calculate the response of SGT to changes in...
Three experiments were conducted to determine if a new variety of
triticale (Flora) would maintain seminal production of Medium White (MW)
breeder toms and to ascertain the minimal dietary crude protein (CP)
required by breeder toms. In Experiment 1, 4 dietary treatments with 10
males each, were fed ad libitum...
The Russian Old Believers in Oregon maintain a manner of dress which distinguishes them in the communities in which they live. Originating as a group because of a schism within the Russian Orthodox Church in 1666, the Russian Old Believers migrated to the edge of the Russian Empire and beyond...
The ectomycorrhizal fungi Cenococcum geophilum, Hebeloma
crustuliniforme and Laccaria laccata produced ethylene in vitro in
modified Melin-Norkrans liquid medium only if amended with 2.5 to
10 mM methionine; Pisolithus tinctorius failed to produce ethylene
unless the cultures were renewed with fresh methionine-amended
medium prior to ethylene assay. An additional 19...
The bi-directional relationships within the personal and contextual environments of adolescents are critical to the development of adolescents and their transition into adulthood. Opportunities for youth to participate in and provide leadership in meaningful programs, gain life skills, and interact with adults in sustained relationships are key features leading to...