Pacific Coast estuaries provide important rearing habitats leading to improved growth and survival for juvenile chinook salmon. However, research has suggested that juvenile salmon have little use for estuarine habitats in the Columbia River. To further understand salmonid recovery needs in estuaries, I compared historical and contemporary life history patterns...
Fisheries oceanography is the study of ecological relationships between fishes and the dynamics of their marine environments and aims to characterize the physical, chemical, and biological factors that affect the recruitment and abundance of harvested species. A recent push within the fisheries management community is toward ecosystem-based management. Here, we...
This is PMEL Contribution 4396.
Acidification has sparked discussion about whether regulatory agencies should place coastal waters on the Clean Water Act 303(d) impaired water bodies list. Here we describe scientific challenges in assessing impairment with existing data, exploring use of both pH and biological criteria. Application of pH criteria...
Clean cooking technologies and fuels have been cited as a viable way to slow climate change and reduce the health and environmental impacts associated with traditional cooking devices used by 40% of the world. While engineers in the Design for Development sector have created hundreds of stove designs that perform...
Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRD) is an infection of both the upper and lower respiratory tract and includes components of rhinitis, otitis, tracheitis, and pneumonia. Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality of calves in the United States and world-wide. Besides the...
Museums, aquariums, and technology centers are informal learning environments that facilitate the understanding of scientific phenomena while supporting self-motivated learning. Families are a social group that frequently visits these sites. There are multiple opportunities for adults and children to engage in independent sense-making and collective discussion about their experiences with...
Ulcerative dermatitis (UD) is a common condition in C57BL/6 mice that is poorly understood and challenging to treat. Inconsistently there have been reports of an increased incidence of the disease in female mice, mice exposed to certain diets, mice of advanced age, and in several seasons. These inconsistencies indicated a...
An age-wave is upon us where many older adults are reaching retirement. Technically experienced older adults have skills that could be directly applied to free/open source software (FOSS) communities, such as project management, programming, and/or knowledge of a rapidly growing end-user population. FOSS is a widely popular, low-cost way to...
A total of 44 intermittent sand filter-septic systems, in five counties of Western
Oregon, were sampled over a three-month period during the summer of 1995. The sand
filter systems varied in age from 36 months up to 167 months (3 to 13.9 years). Liquid
samples were taken from the septic...
The purpose of this investigation was to compare the effectiveness of integrated and segregated settings in elementary physical education. The efficacy of each setting was measured by the quantity of opportunities to respond (OTR) and the quality of those responses. This study examined the frequency and motor appropriateness of OTRs...
The primary focus of this work is on examining structure-property relationships of interest for high-power nonlinear optical and laser crystals. An intuitive and simply illustrated method for assessing the nonlinear optical potential of structurally characterized noncentrosymmetric materials is introduced. This method is applied to materials including common quartz and tourmaline...
Parkway trees, trees within a designated landscape and often owned by the city, can be an asset to any municipality but also have the potential to be a liability if improperly managed. The many benefits of parkway trees include increasing property and retail value, providing natural shade and windbreaks that...
Metals are a persistent form of freshwater pollution and have been shown to bioaccumulate in aquatic macroinvertebrates through direct contact with contaminated water, sediments, and through consumption of contaminated organisms. This research explored the longitudinal bioaccumulation patterns of 5 common trace metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in the...
There is significant interest in utilizing microalgae as a source for biofuels. Diatoms are a class of single-celled microalgae which make silica cell walls and require dissolved silicon as a substrate for cell division. Manipulation of soluble silicon delivery to the culture offers a route to control cell cycle and...
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights establishes the right to clean water, entitling everyone to “sufficient, safe, acceptable, physically accessible and affordable water for personal and domestic uses”. This rationale is the inspiration for comparing the effects of clean water strategies. A comparison between Tunisian and Egyptian approaches will evaluate...
Decades of experimental work has illustrated the high degree to which the partitioning of most elements is dependent on phase composition, temperature and pressure. In order to quantitatively describe clinopyroxene partitioning it is required to derive expressions using theoretical constraints calibrated with experimental data.
The experimental database available for such...
Evaluating the relative influences of positive and negative interactions in shaping communities is a major topic in modern ecology. Facilitative interactions between basal species are important in habitats with intense predation pressure or severe abiotic stresses. However, few studies address the potential for positive interactions between trophic levels to influence...
This is a study of the representations of prostitutes and prostitution produced within a particular historical framework-regulationism. Drawing support from public health movements, campaigns against depopulation and degeneration and protest from feminists and socialists, the "French system" of regulation of prostitution occupied center stage in social debates from the mid-nineteenth...
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a course in cultural competency would impact associate degree nursing students' perceptions of their abilities to provide care to culturally diverse clients. Ethnographic interviews with nursing faculty, graduates and students were utilized in course development. The cultural competency course was evaluated...
The graduate student population has been traditionally overlooked within higher education. However, within recent decades, much research has been devoted to addressing the multiple facets of the graduate student experience, including that of the graduate teaching assistant (GTA) position. This thesis seeks to explore in depth the experiences of GTAs...
In Oregon, property tax revolts and school equalization measures have led to increasingly unstable and more non-discretionary public funding for schools. As a result, public schools are turning to private donations to provide both basic and supplemental educational opportunities. Some schools and districts are raising hundreds of thousands of dollars,...
The purpose of this dissertation was to explore the experience of gifted girls transitioning from elementary school to sixth and seventh grade. The current counseling literature in this area found that gifted girls often struggle emotionally when transitioning to sixth and seventh grade. The bulk of this literature was based...
The growth of foster care, particularly kin foster care has greatly outpaced our knowledge. The purpose of this exploratory qualitative study was to develop a more informed understanding of foster family functioning from the perspective of foster parents. This study examined the experiences of 9 kin and 12 nonkin foster...
Research relying on remotely sensed data on land use and deforestation has exploded in recent years. While satellite-based measures have clear advantages in terms of coverage, the presence of measurement error within these products is often overlooked. Here, we detail the econometric implications of these errors when analyzing the determinants...
Weed management is one of the main challenges for organic agriculture. Soil solarization has been shown to be an effective mitigation strategy for weeds and soil borne plant pathogens but few studies have been conducted in cooler climates such as the Pacific Northwest.
Horticultural nurseries are heterogeneous and spatially complex agricultural systems, which present formidable challenges to management of diseases and pests. Moreover, nursery plants shipped interstate and internationally can serve as important vectors for pathogens and pests that threaten both agriculture and forestry. Current regulatory strategies to prevent this movement of pathogens...
In this paper, we consider the transfer of environmental and cultural assets to the next generation as a potential measure of sustainability. We define net assets as the value of renewable and nonrenewable natural resources plus human-made, intellectual, social, and cultural capital, minus any debts. We apply this approach by...
Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), a widespread and keystone tree species in North America, experienced heat and drought stress in the years 2002 and 2003 in the southwestern United States. This led to widespread aspen mortality that has altered the composition of forests, and is expected to occur again if...
Acidified waters are impacting commercial oyster
production in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, and favorable
carbonate chemistry conditions are predicted to become
less frequent. Within 48 h of fertilization, unshelled Pacific
oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae precipitate roughly 90% of
their body weight as calcium carbonate. We measured stable
carbon isotopes in...
Genetic linkage maps have the potential to facilitate the genetic dissection of complex traits and comparative analyses of genome structure, as well as molecular breeding efforts in species of agronomic importance. Until recently, the majority of such maps was based on relatively low-throughput marker technologies, which limited marker density across...
Larval supply determines year-class strength of fisheries and complex ecological
interactions among adults of benthic marine species. In upwelling regions, a latitudinal cline in
the intensity and persistence of upwelling is thought to affect larval advection and recruitment,
thereby regulating the intensity of interactions in adult populations and communities. We...
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across upwelling regimes?
JenniferL. Fisher1,*, William T. Peterson2, Steven G. Morgan3,4
Larval supply determines year-class strength of fisheries and complex ecological
interactions among adults of benthic marine species. In upwelling regions, a latitudinal cline in
the intensity and persistence of upwelling is thought to affect larval advection and recruitment,
thereby regulating the intensity of interactions in adult populations and communities. We...
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upwelling regimes?
JenniferL. Fisher1,*, William T. Peterson2, Steven G. Morgan3,4
1Cooperative Institute
The zooplankton of the northern California Current are typically characterized by an abundance of lipid-rich copepods that support rapid growth and survival of ecologically, commercially, and recreationally valued fish, birds, and mammals. Disruption of this food chain and reduced ecosystem productivity are often associated with climatic variability such as El...
Larval supply determines year-class strength of fisheries and complex ecological
interactions among adults of benthic marine species. In upwelling regions, a latitudinal cline in
the intensity and persistence of upwelling is thought to affect larval advection and recruitment,
thereby regulating the intensity of interactions in adult populations and communities. We...
We developed a multiple linear regression model to
robustly determine aragonite saturation state (Ωarag) from
observations of temperature and oxygen (R² = 0.987, RMS
error 0.053), using data collected in the Pacific Northwest
region in late May 2007. The seasonal evolution of Ωarag near
central Oregon was evaluated by applying...
It has been recognized since the 1950's that radioisotopic disequilibrium between naturally occurring parent-daughter isotope pairs in seawater can provide information on the rate of processes segregating them. In the surface ocean, the U-238:Th-234 parent-daughter pair tends to display measurable disequilibrium that is attributable to the effects of scavenging on...
Ocean acidification results in co-varying inorganic carbon system variables. Of these, an explicit focus on pH and organismal acid-base regulation in has failed to distinguish the mechanism of failure in highly sensitive bivalve larvae. With unique chemical manipulations of seawater we show definitively that larval bivalve shell development and growth...
Ocean acidification (OA) is altering the chemistry of the world’s oceans at rates unparalleled in the past roughly 1 million years. Understanding the impacts of this rapid change in baseline carbonate chemistry on marine organisms needs a precise, mechanistic understanding of physiological responses to carbonate chemistry. Recent experimental work has...
Equipment and deployment strategies for remote passive acoustic sensing of marine environments must balance
memory capacity, power requirements, sampling rate, duty-cycle, deployment duration, instrument size, and environmental
concerns. The impact of different parameters on the data and applicability of the data to the specific
questions being asked should be considered...
Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of fluorinated chemicals that are utilized in firefighting and have been reported in groundwater and soil at several firefighter training areas. In this study, soil and groundwater samples were collected from across a former firefighter training area to examine the extent to...
1. Multidimensional trait frameworks are increasingly used to understand plant strategies for growth and survival. However, it is unclear if frameworks developed at a global level can be applied in local communities and how well these frameworks—based largely on plant morphological traits—align with plant physiology and response to stress.
2....
Plasma biochemistry and hematology reference intervals are integral health assessment tools in all medical fields, including aquatic animal health. As sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) are becoming aquaculturally and economically more important, this manuscript provides essential reference intervals (RI) for their plasma biochemistry and hematology along with reference photomicrographs of blood cells...
A critical barrier to effective management of deep-sea resources is a lack of understanding by society of the benefits received from the oceans. To address this knowledge gap, we applied an iterative design-based research methodology to evaluate (1) how to effectively use an exhibit to increase public literacy of the...
Community structure and function in ecosystems are dependent on top‐down and bottom‐up factors, which vary across local, regional, and temporal scales. In estuaries of the U.S. Pacific Northwest coast, eelgrass (Zostera marina) ecosystems are exposed to latitudinally varying oceanographic inputs in the form of ocean upwelling. Previous research suggests that...
OBJECTIVE To document the environmental stewardship practices (decisions and actions regarding use and disposal) of pet and human pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) among pet-owning veterinary-care professionals (practicing veterinarians, veterinary students, and veterinary technicians and trainees) and environmental educators. DESIGN Internet-based cross-sectional survey. SAMPLE 191 pet owners (103 veterinary-care...
Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) are essential cofactors for microbial metalloenzymes, but little is known about the metalloenyzme inventory of anaerobic marine microbial communities despite their importance to the nitrogen cycle. We compared dissolved O₂ , NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, Fe and Cu concentrations with nucleic acid sequences encoding Fe and Cu-binding...
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zones
Authors: Jennifer B. Glassa,b*, Cecilia Batmalle Kretza, Sangita Ganeshb, Piyush Ranjanb
Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) are essential cofactors for microbial metalloenzymes, but little is known about the metalloenyzme inventory of anaerobic marine microbial communities despite their importance to the nitrogen cycle. We compared dissolved O₂ , NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, Fe and Cu concentrations with nucleic acid sequences encoding Fe and Cu-binding...
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reaction center, L and M subunits 81482 0 0 0 629 122 12 10 6 170 6 11 0
f.21.1.2 Cytochrome b of
Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) are essential cofactors for microbial metalloenzymes, but little is known about the metalloenyzme inventory of anaerobic marine microbial communities despite their importance to the nitrogen cycle. We compared dissolved O₂ , NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, Fe and Cu concentrations with nucleic acid sequences encoding Fe and Cu-binding...
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marine
oxygen minimum zones
Glass, J. B., Kretz, C. B., Ganesh, S., Ranjan, P., Seston, S. L., Buck, K
In the future, Earth will be warmer, precipitation events will be more extreme, global mean sea level will rise, and many arid and semiarid regions will be drier. Human modifications of landscapes will also occur at an accelerated rate as developed areas increase in size and population density. We now...
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changes: A review of methods and research needs
Jon D. Pelletier1, A. Brad Murray2, JenniferL. Pierce3
In the future, Earth will be warmer, precipitation events will be more extreme, global mean sea level will rise, and many arid and semiarid regions will be drier. Human modifications of landscapes will also occur at an accelerated rate as developed areas increase in size and population density. We now...
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review of methods and research
needs
Jon D. Pelletier1, A. BradMurray2, JenniferL. Pierce3, Paul R
BACKGROUND: Many commentators on ‘‘direct-to-consumer’’ genetic risk information have raised concerns that giving results
to individuals with insufficient knowledge and training in genomics may harm consumers, the health care system, and
society. In response, several commercial laboratories offering genomic risk profiling have shifted to more traditional ‘‘direct-to-provider’’ (DTP) marketing strategies,...
BACKGROUND: Many commentators on ‘‘direct-to-consumer’’ genetic risk information have raised concerns that giving results
to individuals with insufficient knowledge and training in genomics may harm consumers, the health care system, and
society. In response, several commercial laboratories offering genomic risk profiling have shifted to more traditional ‘‘direct-to-provider’’ (DTP) marketing strategies,...
BACKGROUND: Many commentators on ‘‘direct-to-consumer’’ genetic risk information have raised concerns that giving results
to individuals with insufficient knowledge and training in genomics may harm consumers, the health care system, and
society. In response, several commercial laboratories offering genomic risk profiling have shifted to more traditional ‘‘direct-to-provider’’ (DTP) marketing strategies,...
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Clinicians in
Commercial Genomic Testing
Michelle L. McGowan1*, Jennifer R. Fishman2, Richard A. Settersten
Over the past several years we have been developing Fishery Performance Indicators (FPIs) to measure the degree of success fisheries systems have in achieving environmental, economic and community outcomes. We have also developed indicators of key input factors. Among the input factors we have explicitly developed indicators for women’s participation and leadership...
Background:
Masons have the highest rate of overexertion injuries among all construction trades and rank second for occupational back injuries in the United States. Identified ergonomic solutions are the primary method of reducing exposure to risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders. However, many construction workers lack knowledge about these solutions,...
Remotely sensed derivation of sea-ice thickness requires sea·ice density. Sea-ice density was estimated with three techniques during the second Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystem eXperiment (SIPEX-II, September-November 2012, East Antarctica). The sea ice was first-year highly deformed, mean thickness 1.2 m with layers, consistent with rafting, and 6-7/10 columnar ice...
Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil) is an essential oil producing crop used in culinary and fragrance applications. The objective of this controlled environment study was to evaluate the effects of organic and conventional fertilization (applied at two nitrogen rates, 150 and 250 kg N/ha) on plant growth, essential oil yield...
BACKGROUND: Workers onboard freezer-trawl (FT) and freezer-longline (FL) vessels in Alaska may be at high risk for fatal and non-fatal injuries. METHODS: Traumatic occupational injuries onboard vessels in the FT and FL fleets were identified through two government data sources. RESULTS: The annual risk of fatal injuries was 125 per...
BACKGROUND: Many commentators on ‘‘direct-to-consumer’’ genetic risk information have raised concerns that giving results to individuals with insufficient knowledge and training in genomics may harm consumers, the health care system, and society. In response, several commercial laboratories offering genomic risk profiling have shifted to more traditional ‘‘direct-to-provider’’ (DTP) marketing strategies,...
Primary injury prevention strategies are needed to improve worker safety in the fishing industry by reducing the occurrence of vessel disasters. In 2006, the United States Coast Guard (USCG) implemented a novel safety policy intervention for two fleets of freezer-trawlers and freezer-longliners in Alaska. The Alternate Compliance and Safety Agreement...
Nursery plants are important vectors for plant pathogens. Understanding what pathogens occur in nurseries in different production stages can be useful to the development of integrated systems approaches. Four horticultural nurseries in Oregon were sampled every 2 months for 4 years to determine the identity and community structure of Phytophthora...
The evolution of the near-inertial internal wavefield from ice-free summertime conditions to ice-covered wintertime conditions is examined using data from a yearlong deployment of six moorings on the Beaufort continental slope from August 2008 to August 2009. When ice is absent, from July to October, energy is efficiently transferred from...
Pratylenchus neglectus and P. thornei reduce wheat yields in the Pacific Northwest USA. Resistant landrace cultivars have been identified using controlled environments. Field resistance and tolerance characteristics were compared over three years and two locations for four spring wheat cultivars; the susceptible cultivars Alpowa and Louise, and the resistant landraces...
Abstract: Background: Exposure to pollutants including metals and particulate air pollution can alter DNA methylation. Yet little is known about intra-individual changes in DNA methylation over time in relationship to environmental exposures. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of acute-and chronic metal-rich PM[subscript 2.5] exposures on DNA methylation.
Methods: Thirty-eight male...
Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) depend on sagebrush habitat for food and cover during winter, yet few sage-grouse winter ecology studies have been conducted. During January and February 2007, we monitored 22 radio-collared sage-grouse (7 females and 15 males) in central Oregon to characterize winter habitat use and movement patterns. We...
Trade in live plants has been recognized worldwide as an important invasion pathway for non-native plant pests. Such pests can have severe economic and ecological consequences. Nearly 70% of damaging forest insects and pathogens established in the US between 1860 and 2006 most likely entered on imported live plants. The...
The synchrony between coastal and shelf-slope copepod communities was investigated in the northern California Current (NCC) system, a strong upwelling zone, using time series of zooplankton sampled from a nearshore station (9 km offshore, water depth 62 m) and a shelf-slope station (46 km offshore, water depth 297 m). Long-term...
Introduction: The health benefits of physical activity are well established in older adults with arthritis. Despite these benefits, many older adults with arthritis are not active enough to maintain health; therefore, increasing physical activity in adults with arthritis is a public health priority. The purpose of this study was to...
An Oregon State University Libraries (OSUL) study group's review of its current policies, practices, and costs provides an illustrative case study of the challenges in managing government documents during this period of transition from print to digital. In its exploration of more aggressive approaches to greatly increasing access to electronic...
Pacific red lionfish Pterois volitans have invaded Atlantic reefs and reached much greater population densities than on native reefs. We hypothesized that lionfish on invaded reefs would (1) experience higher kill rates and thus spend less time hunting, given the naïveté of Atlantic prey, (2) consume a greater variety of...
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,*, Cassandra E. Benkwitt3, Tye L. Kindinger3, Emily A. Pickering3, 5
Timothy J. Pusack3, JenniferL
Pacific red lionfish Pterois volitans have invaded Atlantic reefs and reached much greater population densities than on native reefs. We hypothesized that lionfish on invaded reefs would (1) experience higher kill rates and thus spend less time hunting, given the naïveté of Atlantic prey, (2) consume a greater variety of...
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Cure1,4,*, Cassandra E. Benkwitt2, Tye L. Kindinger2, Emily A. Pickering2,
Timothy J. Pusack2, JenniferL
Pacific red lionfish Pterois volitans have invaded Atlantic reefs and reached much greater population densities than on native reefs. We hypothesized that lionfish on invaded reefs would (1) experience higher kill rates and thus spend less time hunting, given the naïveté of Atlantic prey, (2) consume a greater variety of...
Against the backdrop of growing concern about dead zones, rare and endangered sea mammals, depletion of Oregon’s once‐abundant fish stocks, acidification threatening coastal molluscs, and proposals for marine reserves along Oregon’s coastline, a multidisciplinary group of scientists was called together in 2008 to discuss what is known about Oregon’s coastal...
Coastal upwelling regimes are some of the most productive ecosystems in the ocean but are also among the most vulnerable to ocean acidification (OA) due to naturally high background concentrations of CO₂. Yet our ability to predict how these ecosystems will respond to additional CO₂ resulting from anthropogenic emissions is...
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, A., Burke, H., Waldbusser, G.G., Langdon, C., and Feely, R.A. 2012. The Pacific oyster
Coastal upwelling regimes are some of the most productive ecosystems in the ocean but are also among the most vulnerable to ocean acidification (OA) due to naturally high background concentrations of CO₂. Yet our ability to predict how these ecosystems will respond to additional CO₂ resulting from anthropogenic emissions is...
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. Harvey1, Nina Bednaršek2, Wiley Evans2,3,
Richard A. Feely2, Burke Hales4, Noelle Lucey5, Jeremy T
Coastal upwelling regimes are some of the most productive ecosystems in the ocean but are also among the most vulnerable to ocean acidification (OA) due to naturally high background concentrations of CO₂. Yet our ability to predict how these ecosystems will respond to additional CO₂ resulting from anthropogenic emissions is...
The aerobic biotransformation pathways of 4:2, 6:2, and 8:2 fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonate (FtTAoS) were characterized by determining the fate of the compounds in soil and medium microcosms amended with an aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) solution. The biotransformation of FtTAoS occurred in live microcosms over approximately 40 days and produced...
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-Marjanovic,1,# Erika F. Houtz,1,^ Shan Yi,1
Jennifer A. Field,2 David L. Sedlak,1 Lisa Alvarez-Cohen1,3
The aerobic biotransformation pathways of 4:2, 6:2, and 8:2 fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonate (FtTAoS) were characterized by determining the fate of the compounds in soil and medium microcosms amended with an aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) solution. The biotransformation of FtTAoS occurred in live microcosms over approximately 40 days and produced...
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., Sedlak, D. L., &
Alvarez-Cohen, L. (2015). Aerobic Biotransformation of Fluorotelomer Thioether
Amido
After the April 2010 explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, and subsequent release of millions of barrels of oil, two Corexit oil dispersant formulations were used in unprecedented quantities both on the surface and sub-surface of the Gulf of Mexico. Although the dispersant formulations contain four classes of surfactants,...
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. Place1, Matt J. Perkins2, Adam Barsamian1, Paul Blakemore1, Jennifer A. Field2 5
1 Department of
After the April 2010 explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, and subsequent release of millions of barrels of oil, two Corexit oil dispersant formulations were used in unprecedented quantities both on the surface and sub-surface of the Gulf of Mexico. Although the dispersant formulations contain four classes of surfactants,...
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dispersant formulations
and seawater
Benjamin J. Place a,1, Matt J. Perkins b, Ewan Sinclair c, Adam L
After the April 2010 explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, and subsequent release of millions of barrels of oil, two Corexit oil dispersant formulations were used in unprecedented quantities both on the surface and sub-surface of the Gulf of Mexico. Although the dispersant formulations contain four classes of surfactants,...
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Dispersant Formulations and Seawater 1
Benjamin J. Place1, †, Matt J. Perkins2, Ewan Sinclair3, Adam L
After the April 2010 explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, and subsequent release of millions of barrels of oil, two Corexit oil dispersant formulations were used in unprecedented quantities both on the surface and sub-surface of the Gulf of Mexico. Although the dispersant formulations contain four classes of surfactants,...
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Blakemore1, Jennifer A. Field2 5
1 Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 6
2
After the April 2010 explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, and subsequent release of millions of barrels of oil, two Corexit oil dispersant formulations were used in unprecedented quantities both on the surface and sub-surface of the Gulf of Mexico. Although the dispersant formulations contain four classes of surfactants,...
Accurate estimation of historical abundance provides an essential baseline for judging the recovery of the great whales. This is particularly challenging for whales hunted prior to twentieth century modern whaling, as population-level catch records are often incomplete. Assessments of whale recovery using pre-modern exploitation indices are therefore rare, despite the...
Experimental manipulation of the symbiosis between cnidarians and photosynthetic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium spp.) is crucial to advancing the understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved in host-symbiont interactions, and overall coral reef ecology. The anemone Aiptasia sp. is a model for cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis, and notably it can be rendered aposymbiotic (i.e. dinoflagellate-free)...
The aerobic biotransformation pathways of 4:2, 6:2, and 8:2 fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonate (FtTAoS) were characterized by determining the fate of the compounds in soil and medium microcosms amended with an aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) solution. The biotransformation of FtTAoS occurred in live microcosms over approximately 40 days and produced...
INTRODUCTION: Tissue engineering is a new methodology for addressing meniscal
injury or loss. Synovium may be an ideal source of cells for in vitro meniscal fibrocartilage
formation, however, favorable in vitro culture conditions for synovium must be
established in order to achieve this goal. The objective of this study was...
After the April 2010 explosion on the Deepwater Horizon oil rig, and subsequent release of millions of barrels of oil, two Corexit oil dispersant formulations were used in unprecedented quantities both on the surface and sub-surface of the Gulf of Mexico. Although the dispersant formulations contain four classes of surfactants,...
Swiss needle cast (SNC) is a fungal disease of Douglas-fir
(Pseudotsuga menziesii) that has recently become prevalent
in coastal areas of the Pacific Northwest. We used growth
measurements and stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen in
tree-rings of Douglas-fir and a non-susceptible reference
species (western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla) to evaluate...
Seagrasses and bivalves co-occur worldwide, and each plays a role in the structure, function, and services of coastal ecosystems. While seagrasses are declining, bivalve aquaculture is expanding, and impacts from culture practices, as opposed to the cultured organisms themselves, need to be distinguished. In 2 experiments, we tested the effects...
Herbivory by domestic and wild ungulates can dramatically affect vegetation structure, composition and dynamics in nearly every terrestrial ecosystem of the world. These effects are of particular concern in forests of western North America, where intensive herbivory by native and domestic ungulates has the potential to substantially reduce or eliminate...
Disturbance regimes differ in type, magnitude, and frequency, but few field experiments have considered compounded effects of disturbance. In this study, we characterized gap recovery after complete removal of eelgrass (Zostera marina) in Willapa Bay, Washington, USA. In separate experiments, we imposed two disturbance types – shoot damage and shoot...
Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) are essential cofactors for microbial metalloenzymes, but little is known about the metalloenyzme inventory of anaerobic marine microbial communities despite their importance to the nitrogen cycle. We compared dissolved O₂ , NO₃⁻, NO₂⁻, Fe and Cu concentrations with nucleic acid sequences encoding Fe and Cu-binding...