The effects of round, square, and reentrant entrances on flow
regimes and local heat transfer coefficients were determined using a symmetrical,
plane-wall two-dimensional, subsonic air diffuser with one
of the diverging walls heated and maintained isothermal.
Flow and heat transfer studies were made at total divergence
angles ranging from 0...
In the majority of management scenarios, it is imperative that beef replacement heifers calve at two years of age. In order to achieve this goal, yearling heifers should reach 60 to 65% of their mature body weight by 13 months of age. Feed costs represent 75 to 80% of the...
Conventional management approaches have not been successful in protecting fisheries resources from decline either globally or in the Caribbean. Over the past 20 years co-management has emerged as a dominant paradigm when thinking about responsible fisheries in the Caribbean. At the same time there has been growing recognisition of the...
To study the combined effects of seedling quality and fertilization at the time of planting, three experiments were established in western Oregon during the winter of 2000. The first experiment investigated the effect of preplanting rootvolume and fertilization rate on the field performance of 1+1 Douglas-fir seedlings during two growing...
The Nearctic species of the genus Sympherobius
Banks are revised. Seventeen species are recorded from
the region. Two new species, S. constrictus and S.
quadricuspis are described from California and Arizona
respectively. Four new specific synonyms are proposed
(junior synonym(s) first): S. brunneus Nakahara and S.
stangei Nakahara = S....
This publication is the third in a series of circulars de signed to assist the graduate engineer in reviewing engineering subject matter in order to prepare for registration examinations. As in the first publication of the series, most of the illustrative problems are taken from recent examinations of the Oregon...
Federal legislation requires that governmental programs be evaluated on a wide set of criteria to provide policymakers with information on the achievement or lack of achievement of goals and/or objectives. A methodology to identify and quantify measures of achievement is described. In addition, the methodology is designed to facilitate the...
Comparative analysis of multiple angiosperm genomes has implicated gene duplication in the expansion and diversification of many gene families. However, empirical data and theory suggest that whole-genome and small-scale duplication events differ with respect to the types of genes preserved as duplicate pairs. We compared gene duplicates resulting from a...
Research on the ecology of top predators – upper trophic level consumers that are relatively free from predation once they reach adult size – has provided regular contributions to general ecology and is a rapidly expanding and increasingly experimental, multidisciplinary and technological endeavour. Yet, an exponentially expanding literature coupled with...
Large carnivores face serious threats and are experiencing massive declines in their populations
and geographic ranges around the world. We highlight how these threats have affected the
conservation status and ecological functioning of the 31 largest mammalian carnivores on
Earth. Consistent with theory, empirical studies increasingly show that large carnivores...
Full Text:
Elmhagen, Mike Letnic, Michael P. Nelson,
OswaldJ. Schmitz, Douglas W. Smith, Arian D. Wallach, Aaron J
Large carnivores face serious threats and are experiencing massive declines in their populations
and geographic ranges around the world. We highlight how these threats have affected the
conservation status and ecological functioning of the 31 largest mammalian carnivores on
Earth. Consistent with theory, empirical studies increasingly show that large carnivores...
Full Text:
, Bodil Elmhagen, Mike Letnic, Michael P. Nelson,
OswaldJ. Schmitz, Douglas W. Smith, Arian D. Wallach
Large carnivores face serious threats and are experiencing massive declines in their populations and geographic ranges around the world. We highlight how these threats have affected the conservation status and ecological functioning of the 31 largest mammalian carnivores on Earth. Consistent with theory, empirical studies increasingly show that large carnivores...
Carnivore predation on livestock often leads people to retaliate. Persecution by humans has contributed strongly to global endangerment of carnivores. Preventing livestock losses would help to achieve three goals common to many human societies: preserve nature, protect animal welfare, and safeguard human livelihoods. Between 2016 and 2018, four independent reviews...
Eight Tertiary geologic units crop out in the Seaside-Young's River Falls area, including late Oligocene to early Miocene Oswald West mudstones; Angora Peak sandstone and Silver Point members of the middle Miocene Astoria Formation, and middle Miocene Depoe Bay and Cape Foulweather Basalts. Three new lithologically distinct
units, the 'J'...
Eight Tertiary geologic units crop out in the Seaside-Young's River Falls area, including late Oligocene to early Miocene Oswald West mudstones; Angora Peak sandstone and Silver Point members of the middle Miocene Astoria Formation, and middle Miocene Depoe Bay and Cape Foulweather Basalts. Three new lithologically distinct
units, the 'J'...
Eight Tertiary geologic units crop out in the Seaside-Young's River Falls area, including late Oligocene to early Miocene Oswald West mudstones; Angora Peak sandstone and Silver Point members of the middle Miocene Astoria Formation, and middle Miocene Depoe Bay and Cape Foulweather Basalts. Three new lithologically distinct
units, the 'J'...
Eight Tertiary geologic units crop out in the Seaside-Young's River Falls area, including late Oligocene to early Miocene Oswald West mudstones; Angora Peak sandstone and Silver Point members of the middle Miocene Astoria Formation, and middle Miocene Depoe Bay and Cape Foulweather Basalts. Three new lithologically distinct
units, the 'J'...
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a prevalent issue that impacts individuals around the world. Mental health professionals need comprehensive and inclusive IPV training to support victims/survivors well. The IPV literature posits several concerns surrounding the quality of IPV training that counselors-in-training (CITs) receive. Obtaining an understanding in how master’s level...
Suicide rates in adolescents are at an all-time high in the United States and currently the 2nd leading cause of death in adolescents ages 10-19 (CDC, 2017). School counselors have an ethical obligation to protect students from unforeseeable harm and are often on the front lines of intervening when a...
The Pacific Northwest is a particularly good candidate for a
power plant fired with wood since the wood products industry is so
important in the area. The combined cycle concept for such a plant
has increased in popularity due to the generally greater efficiency
of the gas turbine part of...
The utero-ovarian vasculature of domestic animals has been a
popular research subject, especially concerning the roles of the uteroovarian
artery and vein in the unilateral luteolytic phenomenon
demonstrated in these animals. No reports in the literature, however,
have been found regarding the smooth muscle physiology of these vessels.
The present...
Earthquake rupture scenarios are important tools for understanding the nature of plate movement and patterns in seismic activity. The creation and assessment of these rupture scenarios rely heavily on geologic reasoning and principles applied to earthquake event data. This reliance introduces a certain amount of subjectivity to the rupture scenario...
The upper Eocene to lower Oligocene Oswald West mudstone is
the oldest formation (informal) in the Green Mountain-Young's
River area. This 1,663 meter thick hemipelagic sequence was deposited
in a low-energy lower to upper slope environment in the Coast
Range forearc basin. The formation ranges from the late Narizian
to...
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)
The upper Eocene to lower Oligocene Oswald West mudstone is
the oldest formation (informal) in the
Falls in older adults are an important concern due to the potential injuries associated with falling. Decreases in muscle strength as a result of natural aging could impair the ability of older adults to prevent either a backward or forward fall. Two musculoskeletal models were used to predict the effect...
Rhododendron species are host to many Phytophthora species and are an important crop in the nursery industry. The foliar epidemiology of twelve Phytophthora diseases on Rhododendron was studied in field and growth chamber experiments on two Rhododendron cultivars. The relative aggressiveness of Phytophthora spp. was assessed using disease incidence, severity,...
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Niklaus J Grünwald
Rhododendron species are host to many Phytophthora species and are
The primary goal of this study is to access the processes that alter primary melts after segregation from a mantle source and ultimately form petrologic Layers 2 and 3 of the Ocean Crust. Mineral, melt inclusion, and whole rock chemical compositions are utilized to further the understanding of 1) the...
Queer students in American public schools may face significant challenges including unsupportive or hostile peers or staff members (Eisenberg et al., 2017). The culture of rural Southern schools may be particularly challenging for these students as they are less likely to have an active support group and more likely to...
This paper presents a theoretical study of real-time bandwidth
compression systems using the Hilbert transform and associated analytic
signal concept. An analytic signal is defined as
u(t) = s(t) + [superscript ¯]js(t) , where [superscript ¯]s(t) is the Hilbert transform of the signal
s(t). A complete discussion of the properties...
Waste water lagoons have been used as a satisfactory means of
treating domestic and certain industrial wastes in many parts of the
country. Many of the parameters that govern the applicability of this
type of treatment process are climatic in nature, and critical evaluation
of local climatic conditions, as well...
Development along the Oregon coast is continuing in areas that are known to be hazardous, in spite of strict zoning and other laws. The coast commonly sees erosion that can wash away cliffs and undermine structures as well as accretion that can bury houses in sand. However the much more...
This dissertation integrates a process-based hydrological investigation with an
ongoing paired-catchment study to better understand how forest harvest impacts
catchment function at multiple scales. We do this by addressing fundamental questions
related to the stocks, flows and transit times of water. Isotope tracers are used within a
top-down catchment intercomparison...
Resident bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) may be particularly vulnerable to human related disturbance, however very few studies have focused on resident bull trout populations. The abundance of bull trout is one measure of the strength and potential for persistence of a population. Habitat characteristics may influence resident bull trout abundance...
The purpose of this dissertation was to extend the current body of knowledge regarding the experiences and processes involved regarding how White mental health counselors deconstruct their internalized, and often unacknowledged, racism as well as attempt to dismantle institutionalized racism, in order to develop nonracist White racial identities. By adding...
This analysis is the study of Oregon's wildlife resources from
the period prior to white settlement up to the present time, including
critical projections, based on present trends and expected conditions
for both human and wildlife populations in the state up to the year 2010.
Prior to white settlement Oregon...
The discovery of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway (the MEP pathway) as an alternate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis in some organisms including most bacteria, malarial parasites and plants, but not in animals, has stimulated extensive studies in this area. Research has revealed the potential of finding novel antibacterials, antimalarial drugs, and...
The purpose of this dissertation was to contribute to deeper understanding of how men experience support seeking. The first manuscript is located in chapter 2 and titled A Qualitative Metasynthesis of Male Client Experiences of Counseling. This metasynthesis integrates sixteen pieces of qualitative research which contain first-person accounts of male...
This qualitative study examined the influence of the 2011 Oregon Writing Project (OWP) Summer Institute (SI) on the professional development of six teachers in the following ways:
1. The development of case descriptions of teachers' personal and professional backgrounds relevant to their teaching of writing.
2. An examination of the...
It has long been observed that stress can increase our
susceptibility to infectious diseases and cancers. Recent
experimental evidence suggests that this increased susceptibility is
due to suppression of immunity. A variety of neuroendocrine products
are released during periods of stress, and a large number of these
are now known...
Secure multi-party computation (MPC) is a conceptual framework in cryptography. It allows distrusting parties engage in a protocol to perform a computational task while still maintain some secure properties. Most existing approaches are required to interpret functions as a boolean circuit. With the recent state-of-art circuit garbling scheme, the performance...
Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) is a forming process in which a fully clamped sheet is formed by a hemispherical ended tool that moves along a predefined 3D toolpath. The sheet is formed in a series of local deformations to reach its desired shape. Double Sided Incremental Forming (DSIF) includes...
This report presents the study of wood combustion and
combustion systems for a combined cycle wood-fired power
plant. The power plant consists of a twin air cycle and a
single steam cycle. The fuel for this power plant is wood
and wood waste with particle size in the range of...
A memoir is variously defined as an abbreviated autobiography; a record of
events based on the writer's personal observation or knowledge; and the written
story of one's own life. I set out to do those things. But when I sat back to read the
first of many drafts, I discovered...
This study traces the historical foundations of the concept of
constant ionic proportionality and the equation (Salinity [S%₀] = 1.805
Chlorinity [Cl%₀] + 0.030) which has been in general use in oceanography
since 1902 until 1969 and which is based upon this constancy,
The notion that the constituents present in...
The ferritin-like superfamily (FLSF) of proteins is composed of a wide variety of functionally diverse proteins involved in oxygen dependent metal-mediated electron transfer reactions. Their biological importance is exemplified by the fact FLSF proteins are found in almost every organism from all three domains of life. Their functions range from...
This study presents the results of an experimental investigation
of wood combustion. Variables chosen for investigation
were fuel feed rate, fuel moisture content,
fuel particle size, excess air, fraction and temperature of
under-fire air. Data recorded during the experiments included
the composition and temperature of the combustion
products in the...
Past disasters such as mercury poisoning in Minimata, and new problems such as tributyltin impacts on shellfish have maintained public concern about problems caused by chronic discharges of hazardous materials into marine waters (Clark, 1986; U.S. Congress, 1987). However, hazardous chemical spills in coastal waters typically escape public attention. Unlike...
During the first full school year of the Covid-19 pandemic, two central contexts for adolescent development—home and school—changed utterly. In Oregon, most middle- and high schoolers attended school entirely remotely from the beginning of the pandemic, in March, 2020, through the end of April, 2021, removing both the supports available...
Schools are continually faced with the challenge of providing students with a comprehensive system of support. Previous research based on the practices and systems of Positive Behavior Intervention and Supports (PBIS) suggests that having effective primary prevention measures in place can help to reduce problem behavior before it occurs (Ingram,...
The current generation of scientists will be asked to mitigate climate change, stall biodiversity loss, and protect ecological communities. These are tasks that require a knowledge of both ecological and social systems to be undertaken successfully. Therefore, my dissertation spans the fields of community ecology and social sciences in an...
This paper offers a brief reflection on my personal journey and development as I embark as a paraprofessional into the world of higher education, focusing on my growth as a practitioner, learner, scholar, leader, and human. I will share formative experiences that contributed to my development and discuss my process...
Twenty yearling sheep were allotted to four groups, each containing
five sheep of approximately equal weight. On experimental
days 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, each sheep in each group was given the following
inoculations by stomach tube: five sheep in group I (Fasciola
hepatica-exposed controls) were given approximately 120...
Data are presented on the life history and population dynamics of rex sole (Glyptocephalus zachirus Lockington) collected from Oregon waters between September 1969 and October 1973. Length-weight relationships vary little between sexes or with time of year. Otolith annuli form primarily
from January through May and were used for age...
Land use alters the physical and biological structure of stream ecosystems and potentially alters their capacity to process nitrogen (N), an essential nutrient that has nearly doubled in abundance on the biosphere
during the past century from human activities. In this dissertation, I quantified uptake and transformation of nitrate (NO₃⁻)...
Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) are important economically, ecologically, and culturally as an indigenous species in western Oregon. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) observed declines in black-tailed deer populations since the late 1980’s and attributes these declines to reduction in quality and availability of habitat, following the...
Humans have drastically altered the physical habitat and food web structure of stream ecosystems. Two major impacts humans have had on Pacific Northwest streams are modification of streamside forests (as a result of agriculture, land development, and timber harvest), and declines in the return of wild anadromous salmon to headwater...
Oregon high schools are required to provide comprehensive sex education to students, but there is anecdotal evidence that this is not consistently being carried out across all schools. Despite the significant amount of literature that exists on the topic of sex education, there is a gap in regards to what...
A cytogeographic study, the relationship between chromosome
number and geographical and ecological distribution, was made of the
tetraploid and hexaploid chromosome forms of Achillea millefolium L.
in western Oregon. Principal objectives of the investigation were
three. First was a determination of the exact distributions of the two
levels, as previous...
The majority of teachers in the state of Oregon are White, prompting the state’s legislative bodies to explore and create ways to increase racial diversity in the profession. Contextually, both state level mandates and national accreditation bodies have attempted to address the lack of diversity amongst teachers in the K-12...
The peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PTBR) of trout brain was
pharmacologically characterized and pyrethroid interaction with this site
investigated. High-affinity binding sites for [³H]PK 11195 were detected in brain
membranes of rainbow trout; these shared some of the characteristics of the
PTBR of rodent brain (i.e., high affinity for PK 11195...
Mathematical modeling of phytoplankton populations based on laboratory observations provides increased understanding of the interaction among the environmental and biological mechanisms. influencing growth dynamics. Such fundamental understanding is necessary to estimate the impact of man-made perturbations on natural population.
A three-compartment mathematical model was developed to represent a phytoplankton population...
Geohumus is a new, unique hybrid soil amendment made of polyacrylic acid, igneous rock flour, and quartz sand. It is biodegradable and is marketed to increase soil porosity, increase plant yield, and increase plant available water by up to 30%, all while using a low inclusion rate of only 1...
The Pacific salmon market may often be characterized by
disequilibrium conditions and less than perfect information. Thus the
study of the decision-making behavior, especially short-run pricing,
of wholesale market participants in this industry requires the use of
alternative models to the conventional, price-taking, perfect
competition model of the firm.
This...
Vineyard management strategies, including vineyard floor management and crop level management, can be used to influence vine vigor and fruit composition. Two studies were conducted to evaluate the impact of these practices on Pinot Noir in Oregon's Willamette Valley. Managing crop levels is common in cool climate vineyard production though...
Algae have shown great potential as a source for renewable fuels. However, current production schemes have not been able to prove a sustainable energy return on investment due in part to the high costs of nutrient addition and the energy required for drying the biomass. Integrated algae-dairy production systems have...
Pseudomonas is a diverse genus of Gamma proteobacteria that are ubiquitous in the natural environment, including soil, water, plant surfaces, and animals. The Pseudomonas fluorescens group is a diverse collection of seven subgroups and more than 50 named species. This group is known for their production of a variety of...
Informed conservation of small mammals, ecosystems, and predators requires a detailed understanding of how small mammals species and communities vary in both space and time, as well as the relative cyclicity and synchrony of this variation. This variation can be especially informative to land managers interested in manipulating the abundance...
Training of woodsworkers is described as important for the logging industry in
Oregon. There has been little documentation of training gains or research that measures
the effects of training from the perspective of the logging firm. Learning theories are
evaluated and Towill's form of learning curves are selected for an...
The present study explores the topic of Multiracial Identity Development and how parents play an important role in the identity development of children. The role of parents becomes crucial for parents of Multiracial children as they transmit cultural values, beliefs, language, and practices. Although models of racial identity development exist,...
Wildfire impacts have intensified in many ecosystems across the western United States due to the combined impact of fire exclusion, climate change, and land management practices. However, on many of these landscapes, fire is a fundamental ecological process that has shaped vegetation structural and compositional diversity, ecosystem function, landscape pattern,...
Six early to middle Tertiary geologic units crop out in the
Saddle and Humbug Mountain area. They include the late Eocene to
early Miocene Oswald West muds tones, the lower Silver Point and
the upper Silver Point tongues of the middle Miocene Astoria Formation,
and the middle Miocene Depoe Bay...
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area. They include the late Eocene to
early Miocene Oswald West muds tones, the lower Silver Point and
The Panamint Valley fault zone (PVFZ) is an active, dextral-oblique normal fault that partially accommodates dextral shear across the Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ). The fault system has a complex geometry, characterized by a relatively high-angle dextral oblique normal fault in the south and a low-angle detachment system that accommodates...
Nitrification is a critical step in the global nitrogen cycle involving the biological oxidation of ammonia (NH₃) to nitrite (NO₂⁻ ) and then to nitrate (NO₃⁻). The first step in nitrification is carried out by NH₃-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA), and the second by NO₂⁻-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). In addition...
Black male student-athletes in revenue-producing sports encounter multiple stressors at predominantly White institutions (PWI). These stressors can include identity conflicts, role confusion, feelings of exploitation as revenue producers, academic imposter syndrome, heavy workloads, and racial microaggressions. This study explores how Black male student-athletes in revenue-producing sports define their roles within...
Students who believe that their intelligence is able to grow over time (malleable/ growth mindset) perform better on measures of academic success than students who believe that intelligence is a fixed trait that cannot be changed (fixed mindset; Dweck, 2000). Previous research on the effectiveness of mindset interventions have demonstrated...
Infrastructure systems are a critical component supporting today's modern society. From
power grids to traffic networks, we rely on these systems to perform as intended, despite
the various sources of uncertainty present in their operation. Designing for system
robustness can help mitigate the impact of failures caused by unexpected events....
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Irem Y. Tumer Christopher J. Hoyle
Infrastructure systems are a critical component
The Pebble porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit in Alaska is one of the world's largest Cu-Au mineral resources. Late Cretaceous magmatic evolution in the Pebble district culminated with the intrusion of the Kaskanak Batholith and associated porphyry copper-gold-molybdenum mineralization. The Kaskanak Batholith is a multiphase granodiorite intrusion with an estimated footprint of...
The Eastern California Shear Zone (ECSZ) is a broad zone of dextral shear inboard of the North American - Pacific plate boundary. Despite decades of study, the significance of a mismatch between geodetic velocities and geologic fault slip rates across the ECSZ remains incompletely understood. Geodetically determined interseismic strain across...
This Thesis examines Brazil’s political and historical context to explore and understand the logics behind the high rates of violence in our society. It focuses in education as one of our main vehicles of disseminating knowledge and therefore culture, language and values that might be contributing and perpetuating sexism, racism,...
In this dissertation, I examine emerging economic issues which intersect outdoor recreation, environmental quality, public land use, and public health advisories. First, I explore the potential impacts of social media on visitation to public land. Social media, and in particular Instagram, has been suggested by journalist and land managers as...
The ability to independently age in place requires an appropriate match between a person and the environment, or P-E fit. The person-environment interaction helps describe the adaptation processes employed in older age to achieve P-E fit, but is little understood. Therefore, the objective of this two-part study was to gain...
On top of time demanding athletic and academic constraints, Division I student-athletes must balance many social identities, that include their race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, social class, religious affiliation, etc. This study attempts to fill the gap by providing student-athletes with marginalized identities a platform to (1) offer their own...
Fungi have long been a prolific source of clinically approved drugs. The antibiotic penicillin, the cholesterol lowering statins, and the immunosuppressant cyclosporine have changed the treatment of human diseases in the last century. Recently, genome analysis of filamentous fungi has revealed that the biosynthetic potential for natural product expression is...
This study investigated how lidar-derived vegetation indices, disturbance history from Landsat time series (LTS)
imagery, plot location accuracy, and plot size influenced accuracy of statistical spatial models (nearest-neighbor
imputation maps) of forest vegetation composition and structure. Nearest-neighbor (NN) imputation maps were
developed for 539,000 ha in the central Oregon Cascades,...
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, H. S. J., Ohmann, J. L., Roberts, H. M., Gregory, M. J., Henderson, E. B.,
McGaughey, R. J
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is predicted to experience considerable negative impacts of climate change. The IPCC Fourth Assessment emphasizes that adaptation strategies are essential. Addressing adaptation in the context of small-scale, semi-subsistence agriculture raises special challenges. High data demands including site-specific bio-physical and economic data are an important constraint. This paper...
There is a lack of scientific consensus about how top-down and bottom-up forces interact to structure terrestrial ecosystems. This is especially true for systems with large carnivore and herbivore species where the effects of predation versus food limitation on herbivores are controversial. Uncertainty exists whether top-down forces driven by large...
Broadband simulated dolphin echolocation signals were used to measure the ex situ backscatter properties of mesopelagic boundary community MBC in order to gain a better understanding of the echolocation process of spinner dolphins foraging on the MBC. Subjects were captured by trawling with a 2-m-opening Isaacs-Kidd Midwater Trawl. Backscatter measurements...
Tree mortality is an important demographic process and primary driver of forest dynamics, yet there are relatively few plot-based studies that explicitly quantify mortality and compare the relative contribution of endogenous and exogenous disturbances at regional scales. We used repeated observations on 289,390 trees in 3673 1 ha plots on...
Spatially explicit information on the species composition and structure of forest vegetation is needed at broad spatial scales for natural resource policy analysis and ecological research. We present a method for predictive vegetation mapping that applies direct gradient analysis and nearest-neighbor imputation to ascribe detailed ground attributes of vegetation to...
Simulations of past climates require altered
boundary conditions to account for known shifts in the Earth
system. For the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent
deglaciation, the existence of large Northern Hemisphere
ice sheets caused profound changes in surface topography
and albedo. While ice-sheet extent is fairly well
known, numerous...
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Ullman, D. J., LeGrande, A. N., Carlson, A. E., Anslow, F. S., and Licciardi, J. M.:
Assessing the