The purpose of this study was to explore motivations behind participation in cosplay and the use of social media among cosplayers who maintain Facebook Artist Pages. Further focus was placed on investigating the role of Facebook Artist Pages in building fame. To explore such motivations, two theories were referenced: Deci...
Because of disease, industrialization, and regional conflicts, young widowhood is an expanding phenomenon in many parts of the world. Young widows face many challenges that can lead to mental health problems. The young widows have to make adjustments to fit their new roles as bread winners of the families, having...
The present research sought to investigate the relationship between an individual's word choice and their social well-being. In the present investigation, social well-being is a person's social health in relation to their social environment, social network, and ability to interact with others in a social context. This thesis was based...
Many projects fail because employees and managers have different understandings of project "success" or "value". Other projects fail because managers are unable to effectively align organizational values with those of their employees. This problem is widely understood, but there is little empirical research that specifies the nature and effect of...
The present study examined involuntary attentional bias toward facial emotion expression. Particularly, the study examined two different attentional components for emotional processing, namely, orienting vs. disengagement. A cueing paradigm using two cue presentation times (250ms and 350ms) was used to determine if attention would be involuntarily captured by an irrelevant...
Having excess weight carries a negative social stigma in the U.S. Previous research has shown that experiencing stigma has negative physical and mental health consequences. Few studies have examined how experiencing weight stigma might act as a barrier to engaging in healthy behaviors among older adults. The purpose of this...
One's ability to determine the cause and effect nature events is important for navigating within the social realm. However, the ability to determine these relationships is not always as clear. According to Weary and Edwards (1996) causal uncertainty (CU) is the result of an individual perceiving themselves as someone who...
Individuals who have been traumatized have the opportunity to experience posttraumatic growth, conceptualized as positive changes that result from navigating highly challenging life circumstances (Tedeschi & Calhoun, 2004). The current model of posttraumatic growth (Calhoun, Cann, & Tedeschi, 2010) is based solely on cognitive-emotional processing yet by examining the role...
An ability to meet the changing demands associated with development
promotes purpose in life, a defining feature of psychological well-being. Midlife
adults consistently report higher purpose in life compared to older adults. However,
less is known about the dynamics of purpose in life in the transition from middle to
older...
The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the 30-minute cycling time trial to estimate the heart rate at lactate threshold. Recreationally trained cyclists and triathletes (n = 47) performed 3 tests in random order: 1) One graded exercise test to directly determine lactate threshold...
The aim of the study was to determine whether a higher correlated color temperature of the fluorescent lighting in an elementary school classroom influenced student on-task behavior as compared to fluorescent lighting with a lower correlated color temperature. A conceptual theoretical framework on interior lighting and human behavior was developed...
How do organizational members socially construct the shared meaning of a mandated change in the external environment? The opportunity to address this question presented itself when President Barack Obama set forth a goal for American community colleges to increase the number of students completing certificates and degrees by 5 million...
This thesis explores the evolving purposes for the teaching of first-year English composition in Belize. Starting from an analysis of the underlying cultural assumptions of U.S. composition pedagogies, this thesis argues that American composition pedagogies need to be rethought when applied in a Belizean context to fulfill the country's unique...
The sudden and unexpected death of a seemingly healthy infant sets in motion a number of linked processes with potentially complex and far-reaching ramifications. While individuals, families and communities grapple with the shock and heartbreak associated with the loss of a young life, a chain of multidisciplinary investigative responsibilities is...
According to most health organizations, "obesity" (defined as body mass index [BMI] greater than 30) is a world health problem of "epidemic" proportions. The underlying assumption is that weight is a proxy for health. However, obesity prevention and reduction interventions are designed to regulate body weight, rather than improve health....
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to discover the experiences nurse educators (NEs) have had with oppression and to uncover how their experiences may have impacted their teaching. This study was significant as nurse retention is negatively affected by oppressed group behaviors (Duchscher & Myrick, 2008; Tinsley & France,...
Over the past few decades, a primary focus has been on the negative health effects of not participating in regular moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MPVA). Only recently has sedentary behavior been studied as a distinct and independent risk factor for adverse health outcomes. This dissertation sought to provide new insights into...
There is growing evidence that children develop science-related interests in early childhood, before they enter school, and that these interests may have long-term implications for science participation and achievement. Although researchers have made headway in describing interest development in the preschool years, little is currently known about the proximal processes...
Shame is a debilitating inner experience elicited by the negative self-appraisal of one's entire self, and is characterized by a deep-seated sense of being flawed, defective, and therefore unworthy of acceptance and belonging (Brown, 2006). Although significant research has explored self-conscious emotions, including shame, little has been done to examine...
Research shows that Exercise-Associated Menstrual Dysfunction (ExMD) ranges from 6-79% of active women, depending on the sport. The primary contributor to ExMD is hypothesized to be low energy availability or relative energy deficiency in sport, due to insufficient energy intake to match exercise energy expenditure. Because many active women are...
The purpose of this study was to determine how the popular writer Wilkie Collins used dress and appearance to bring to light concerns about mental illness in his 1859-60 sensation novel The Woman in White. The method of narrative analysis was used to complete this study. Data sheets were developed...
Adult development and social experiences are intertwined, which has implications for social policy, health, and well-being across the lifespan. This dissertation explores the benefit and risk that close social partners bring to adults' lives, and the efficacy and consequences of engaging social resources to maintain well-being in the face of...
The aim of the study was to explore the possibility of relationships
existing between the warmth and coolness of personal
coloring, certain personality characteristics, and the choice of
warmth or coolness in colors to be used for clothing.
A review of the literature dealing with color preferences indicated
that one...
This study aims to identify the effect of different lighting conditions and shelf height in a retail store environment on emotional states, feeling of safety and behavioral intentions. Lighting and store fixture height are two retail store components that can affect consumers’ emotional states and therefore their shopping experience.
This...
The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships
among satisfaction with clothing, satisfaction with physical appearance,
concern over weight, self-esteem, and participation in leisure-time
activities among a sample of full-time homemakers.
To test these relationships, five measures were used. Satisfaction
with clothing was measured by comparing the actual...
This thesis is a study of the clothing behavior of disadvantaged
adolescents in a rural community as it relates to the factors of social class, security level, peer acceptance and self-selection of clothing.
This study was selected because very little research in clothing
behavior has been done in disadvantaged rural...
A study of student performance in relation to concentrated color
in the environment was conducted in an elementary school near
Portland, Oregon. Third grade classrooms served as laboratories,
with the total third grade student population of 83 students serving as
subjects.
The project covered a four week period of time....
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship
between innovativeness in clothing and textiles and; self rating of
innovativeness, adoption leadership, venturesomeness, perceived
sewing competence, age, education, social status characteristics,
social participation, sources of information, and continuation of
learning.
The sample consisted of 67 women who sew who...
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between
the similarity of food preferences among parents and children,
and parent attitudes.
Thirty-five children of preschool ages and their parents served
as subjects for this study. All children were enrolled in preschool
programs established by the = Family Life...
The purpose of the study was to investigate relationships among
time orientation, clothing influentials, importance of selected garment
characteristics, sources of clothing information, and clothing values.
The measures developed for the study were a clothing influential
measure, a garment characteristic measure, and a source of clothing
information measure.
Two measures...
Using data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development’s Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD), this study assessed the implications of the division of labor on relationship intimacy for married and cohabitating dual-earner couples (N= 392 couples). The study focused on what mothers and...
The purpose of the study was to explore the possible acceptance of
metric conversion for clothing sizes and sizing standardization by a
selected sample of female ready-to-wear clothing consumers.
A questionnaire was designed to elicit consumer's positive or negative
attitudes toward metric conversion for clothing sizes and sizing
standardization. The...
A computer simulation was developed as a technique for
studying the effects of the process dynamics on the operator's
sampling and control behavior. This methodology was
used to study the effects of the process input memory
variation in the presence of different observation noise
levels. It was concluded that the...
Individuals participating in the enviromental sport activity courses of backpacking-orienteering, mountaineering, and scuba diving responded to pre- and post - test trials of the Self-Cathexis Scale ard the Body-Oathexis Scale. Two control groups composed of random samples of the university student population reponded to the Self-Cathexis Scale Body-Cathexis Scale: one...
The purpose of this study was to assess reactions to and
opinions about color and color performance by women ages 45 to 54
years. Hypotheses were developed to test relationships and differences
between both perception and acceptance of color change and:
1) the three primary colors, 2) the two methods...
Endurance riding reflects a relatively new sport among equine athletic disciplines and is growing rapidly. Of all the equine athletic disciplines, endurance riding is the most closely interrelated with veterinary assessment and control to ensure that horses are not exercised beyond their athletic capacity. As endurance riding competition has evolved,...
In response to the growing preference for the small family, this study was carried cut to acquire information about women who expect zero, one, or two children. The purposes of the study were: to identify the cultural and socioeconomic characteristics of these women; and to determine which of these characteristics...
The rise of social networking is more prevalent in today's society than ever before. Of the existing social networking platforms, Twitter is widely recognized as operating within the social networking elite. With this rise in social networking comes the challenge to develop new strategies of navigation when presenting one's identity...
The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between
clothing interest and body awareness, between clothing interest and
selected demographic variables for college men and women, and between
body awareness and selected demographic variables for college men and
women.
To assess these relationships two measures were used. Body
awareness,...
The goal of the study was to investigate the relationship between
nonverbal behaviors and frustration. As a part of the study an
instrument for the observation of nonverbal behaviors related to
frustration was developed.
The specific hypotheses investigated in this study were the
following:
Hypothesis One - A valid and...
There are between one and two million
occurrences of head injuries in this country each
year causing an estimated 140,000 deaths. Fifty to
seventy thousand who survive are left with such
intellectual impairment as to preclude returning to a
normal life. The purpose of this study is to
investigate the...
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships
among leadership style (telling, selling, participating and
delegating), personality preferences (Extravert/Introvert,
Sensing/Intuitive, Feeling/Thinking, Judging/Perceiving and
effectiveness as a consultant teacher. The sample consisted of
thirty-one consultant teachers from Oregon: twenty from the
Portland School District, five from the Gresham School...
Five NAIA intercollegiate men's basketball teams and 53 players
served as subjects to determine the role pre-game anxiety played in
basketball game performance. The study involved four games in which
Western Oregon State College competed against other small colleges
in Oregon during the 19 -81 season. Performance in basketball was...
Perception between people is part of the process of nonverbal
communication. Person perception including body, facial expression,
facial features, and clothing is part of the process that results
in the formation of impressions of persons by each other.
The purpose of this study was to investigate clothing perception
and develop...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship
between the self-body cathexis of obese women and their attitudes
toward physical activity. Fifty inventories were used for the
research in this project. The volunteer subjects' ages ranged from
18 to 45 with a mean age of 28.9 years. The...
The purpose of this study was to identify significant differences
in body composition, body cathexis, and attitudes toward obesity
of women in various age groups involved in different levels of physical
exercise.
A total of 216 women, ranging in age from 17 to 64, took part in
this study. They...
The significance of dress in a first encounter situation has
been demonstrated empirically: clothing serves as a vehicle for communicating
information from one person to another. Thus, it is influential
in affecting the formation of first impressions. This
study was undertaken to explore the elements of dress that are most...
The present study was a modified replication of the two pioneer
works in the field of sport and ethnic groups by Pooley (1968)
and Tindall (1973). This study investigated whether participation in
an ethnic basketball league in Japanese-American communities affected
the rate of assimilation of two groups of Japanese-American, high-school...
Surrogate motherhood is a very complex issue with
many groups having vested interests. In order to measure
attitudes specific to surrogacy a 20-item Likert Scale
with high reliability was developed through item analysis
(N=131, Part-whole correlation range 0.749-0.478).
Correlation of surrogacy attitudes was subsequently
related to six other instruments: AIDS,...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a deep
breathing and stretching exercise on communication Apprehension,
Cohesiveness and Attentiveness. An empirical method was used in
this study. All of the subjects involved in the study were students
in beginning public speaking courses, Speech 112, at Oregon...
The art of software engineering inherently requires high-level problem solving and perseverance, as programmers and designers wrestle with complex design and implementation challenges in the process of turning loose concepts and ideas into working code. In the current developer ecosystem, engineers are commonly incentivized extrinsically by monetary rewards, approval or...
This study sought to chronicle the increased presence of the
foreign athlete in NCAA Division I track and field and to assess the
competitive motivations of American and foreign track and field
athletes. Recruiting pipelines, as well as the successes of foreign
athletes on U.S. university track and field teams,...
This exploratory study was focused on the design, meaning and use of the Turkish salon (the sitting room for guests). The findings provided an understanding of the different aspects of people's experiences of their salons. Socially and personally constructed meanings were examined to gain a deeper understanding of the respondents'...
Alzheimer's disease, a chronic and irreversible form of
dementia, has been recognized as one of the most critical
medical-social-economic problems facing our country. As
Alzheimer's disease and other related dementias progress,
the patient becomes increasingly dependent upon family and
natural support systems to provide care. This dependency
can place the...
In 2004 after Desperate Housewives premiered, it was met with significant criticism condemning the lack of values and morals on the show, depicted through the pervasiveness of sinful and illegal behavior (Olsen & Morgan, 2010). However, Olsen and Morgan contend that sinful and illegal behavior is accompanied with attempts at...
The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the interactive effects of locus of control and instructional method on perceived self-efficacy with computers. The two instructional methods in this
experiment were intended to represent variations in the amount of control over the lesson that students
would have, the amount of...
The purpose of this study was to document, through
personal interviews, perceptions, attitudes and coping
skills utilized by women who have survived breast cancer
treated by mastectomy for at least 5 years without
recurrence.
A semi-structured interview guide was developed with
input from professionals in the field. The questions were...
Gender role conflict has been found to be a psychological condition that produces negative outcomes for men as they negotiate the tensions between who they truly are and who they feel they must be based on social expectations (O'Neil, Helms, Gable, David, & Wrightsman, 1986). Recent studies on college men's...
The study's goal was to develop and initially validate the Food
Fantasies Questionnaire, a self-report therapeutic and research
instrument which assesses the occurrence and content of highly
irrational food cognitions (fantasies) common to eating disorders in
relation to seven theoretically derived factors characterisic of the
disorders: fear, anxiety, revulsion, pleasure,...
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of dress and queer women and how their sexual identity influences their appearance management behaviors. I answered the following research questions: (1) How is gender identity constructed and negotiated in different spaces for queer? (2) Does sexual identity influence dress...
The present study was a part of a larger research project
investigating the relationships between perceived clothing
deprivation and selected social-psychological, socio-economic,
and social participation variables among high school students.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the
effects of clothing values and selected demographic
characteristics on perceived...
Health officials have recently been sounding the alarm that depression will soon
surpass many of the major medical conditions in causing disability among adults. Recent
demographic and health trends are generating public health concern about depression.
First, the prevalence of chronic conditions has dramatically increased over the last several
generations....
The purposes of this study were to determine
relationships between burnout and selected demographic
and job-related variables and to identify burnout coping
strategies commonly used by teacher-coaches in public
secondary schools. A volunteer sample of 193 teacher-coaches
responded to a three-section questionnaire
composed of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Jaloweic...
The goal of this study was to determine if the cardiorespiratory adaptations to an eight-week circuit weight training program are better measured with a biokinetic swim-bench test versus a standard treadmill test. The working hypothesis of the study was that since standard circuit weight training programs stress the upper body...
Two hundred twenty male students randomly selected
during Spring semester 1988 from each of two Saudi Arabian
universities, King Faisal and King Fand, were administered
a three-part attitude measurement instrument and a fourpart
Health-Related Physical Fitness Test. The attitude
measurement instrument, derived from the McDonald Attitude
Inventory and the Wear...
Wildland firefighting is environmentally and socially a risky and complex occupation. Although much attention has been given to understanding the physical components in fighting wildland fire, much less time has been devoted to understanding and developing the capacity of wildland firefighters to handle the dynamic pressures of the physical and...
This study examined the effect that three environmental
hues had on subjects' work performance and on mood levels of
anxiety, depression, and arousal in an office work environment.
Pre-test post- test measurements of differences in work performance
and mood levels were used to test twelve hypotheses. Work
performance was measured...
The purpose of this research was to determine whether feedback
from vocational interest inventories leads to the arousal of psychological
reactance. The data for the study was collected from 80 male
and female subjects who were first year students at Oregon State University
enrolled in Psychology 111, Personal Development.
The...
The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in
contact, emotional closeness, and aid exchange in the mother-daughter,
relationship during daughter's first pregnancy. According to the
literature reviewed, women increase contact with and become
emotionally closer to their mothers with pregnancy. It appears that
pregnant women have increased feelings...
School garden programs have become increasingly popular for their diverse, positive benefits. School gardens are often promoted as a relatively low cost means to offer hands-on learning opportunities that may foster academic achievement, particularly in the sciences, however only six studies have been published on the impact of garden education...
Special Olympics International, an organization
committed to providing sport opportunities for children
and adults with mental retardation, has been a major
advocate in promoting competitive experiences for the
mentally retarded. Few studies have focused on the
effects of participation in competitive athletics on
individuals who are mentally retarded. The purpose...
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and abdominal obesity (AbOb) increase the risk of
developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Energy restriction (ER), highprotein
(PRO) intake and high-intensity interval training (HIT) can independently
improve MetS and AbOb. However, ER reduces metabolically active lean body
mass (LBM) in addition to body fat (BF). Purpose: To...
We examined the effect of daily stress, age, and emotional stability/neuroticism on stress reactivity, using cortisol diurnal rhythms. We used data from the Normative Aging Study (Spiro & Bosse, 2001). The 72 men in this study ranged from 67-93 (M =79.29, SD =4.88). Multilevel modeling showed that higher daily stress...
The satisfaction-paradox, defined as the state of
being satisfied with objectively unsatisfactory living
conditions, represents a dysfunctional state of the poor
for both the government and individuals by creating long-term
poverty. Traditional rationales classify the reasons
for this phenomenon as conscious decisions of individuals
or shiftlessness and thereby results in...
This paper outlines a model of human development to
help guide contemplative practice in parenting and
facilitate prayerful understanding of parent-child
development with a focus upon one's own parent-child
relationship.
The model draws from the tree of life symbolism
represented by the cross and the spiral and further
elaborated through...
Over the past ten years there has been a dramatic
increase in the number of drug addicted teens in this
country. Accompanying this increase in drug usage of
adolescents has been an rise in the number of treatment and
evaluation centers to serve the adolescent drug abusing
population. Comprehensive and...
The purpose of this study was twofold. First, to determine if planned
interventions could increase untrained undergraduate students' use of positive and
specific skill feedback while a teaching fundamental motor skill to children who are
disabled. Second, to qualitatively assess the effect of specific verbal feedback on
student motor performance....
The purpose of this study was to compare the muscular
strength and endurance of thirty-two men 51 to 79 years of age who
engage in weight training (WT), aerobic training (AT), cross training
(CT), or no training (S). The design employed in the study was a 2x2
between subjects factorial...
Adaptation to role transitions can have various
outcomes. Health and demographic characteristics as well
as environmental control have been shown to affect the
transition to the role of patient. The acutely ill
elderly's adaptation to the role of hospitalized patient
has not been measured from the elderly patient's
perspective.
This...
This investigation assessed the effectiveness of an adolescent substance abuse treatment program that incorporated "Rites of Passage." Named Gender Based Treatment (GBT), the treatment program sought to address the adolescents' developmental needs through the use of rituals, myth and story telling, and rites of initiation.
Employing quantitative and qualitative analysis,...
Fishermen's and managers' perceptions of fishery issues are an
important factor to consider when studying conflicts between the
two groups. According to theories of conflict management,
differences in perceptions may cause situations to be characterized
by misunderstanding and mistrust, and may add to the difficulties in
managing the conflict.
A...
In social and biological evolution, infelicity can operate as a driving
motor to force change. In this essay, for life other than human, infelicity is
equated with physical unfitness to compete for the resources of a specific
niche. For humanity it is defined as the result of an incongruity between...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between
adolescents' food preferences and their mothers' attitudes and knowledge about foods
and nutrition in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. Subjects included 30 boys and 35
girls randomly selected from 11th grade classrooms at two high schools in
Phitsanulok, and their mothers....
Parent-characters in televised family programs set examples for viewers who may re-enact their behaviors with real children. This study attempts to determine how much "desirable" and "undesirable" behavior is modeled on these shows, and whether the behaviors are coupled with responses that might encourage or discourage viewer adoption of the...
Smoking patterns were described and compared retrospectively for 5395 participants in the Lung Health Study at 12 and 24 months. 3592 participants were assigned to a special intervention (SI) group that received a counseling assisted smoking cessation intervention that included nicotine gum and 1803 participants were assigned to a usual...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the
level of social interaction and social distance or
comfort among five undergraduate ethnic groups (African
Americans, American Indians, Asian Americans, Caucasian
Americans, and Hispanic Americans) at Oregon State
University. Another purpose was to explore the
correlation between the level of social...
The study was designed to assess the efficacy of Lou and Charlson's
(1991) social cognition training program for deaf adults. Sixteen deaf
adult subjects who were vocational rehabilitation clients, and who had
been identified as experiencing difficulties in social functioning, were
assigned to receive a eight-week training program designed to...
This study was based upon the Multidimensional Model
of Leadership (Chelladurai, 1978, 1990), and the administration
of the Leadership Scale for Sport (LSS) and the
Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) (Gill and Deeter,
1988). The purposes of the study were: 1) To determine
the competitive achievement orientations (competitiveness,
goal and win)...
Exercise training has consistently been shown to increase fat utilization during exercise, while conflicting results have been reported on the effects of sex and age on fuel metabolism during exercise. PURPOSE: The primary objective of this investigation was to compare fat and carbohydrate utilization during exercise among males and females...