Combating illegal fishing is one of the major difficulties the International Law of the Sea faces. The European Community is aware of this problem and has taken some measures to fight against illegal fishing, amongst which there are those related to the effective exercise of jurisdiction and control of the...
Alkylation of propylene oxide with 2-lithiofuran gave alcohol I,
which was smoothly converted to acetylfuran II. hydrogenation of II
over rhodium on charcoal followed by Jones' oxidation afforded ketone
III. Further transformation into IV was accomplished via a Wittig
reaction followed by saponification with methanolic sodium hydroxide.
Hydroboration of the...
Learning novel concepts from relational databases is an important problem with applications in several disciplines, such as data management, natural language processing, and bioinformatics. For a learning algorithm to be effective, the input data should be clean and in some desired representation. However, real-world data is usually heterogeneous – the...
We develop a methodological approach using splines to analyze the deterministic population dynamics of fish stocks at low stock levels. Considering the aggregate Northern cod stock by way of illustration, we reject the hypothesis of strong compensation estimated by the conventional regression methods used by classic bioeconomic models.
This work is part of the SUCCESS project (Work Package 4: Competitiveness and sustainability of European fisheries and Aquaculture sectors) funded by the EC (H2020, GA 635188). The dynamics of the value chain in eight different species at the Spanish market has been studied using price integration methodologies. Cases of...
The aim of this work is to analyse the evolution of profit margins of those firms that have decided to use a PDO label (Mejillón de Galicia in the case of this research) to improve their economic performance and to evaluate the success of this product differentiation strategy. A sample of...
European seabass and gilthead seabream are two economically important cultured fish species along the Mediterranean coast. Both species represent respectively 10.9% and 13.5% of the total value of the European aquaculture sector (Eurostat, 2013). The EU is one of the largest producers of seabass and seabream in the world, being...
This contribution aims to provide an economic assessment of the seabream and seabass industry in the Mediterranean, in order to describe the recent development and current situation of the economy and markets of this industry. It focuses on analyzing the economic and financial structure at different levels of aggregation (industry,...
This work focuses on the effect of a previous high pressure processing (HPP) on the lipid damage development occurring during the frozen storage (-10ºC; up to 3 months) of Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus). HPP conditions included different pressure (150, 300, 450 MPa) and pressure holding time (0.0, 2.5, 5.0...
This work focused on assessing lipid damage during the storage of frozen Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) subjected to a high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment (150, 300, 450 MPa with holding times of 0.0, 2.5, and 5.0 min) prior to freezing. The extent of lipid hydrolysis (free fatty acids) and oxidation...
Understanding the interplay between energy and water is central to effective natural resource management. With enough energy it is possible to secure sufficient water, with enough water it is possible to produce nearly boundless energy. The sun is the engine which drives the availability of both these resources; nearly every...
This study examined water scarcity and vulnerability in Quintana Roo, along the northern Caribbean coast of Mexico where rapid growth of tourism in the past 40 years has limited the ability of rural and urban communities to obtain safe, reliable, and equitable access to water services and critical water infrastructure...
Latinos are the largest and most rapidly growing ethnic minority in the United States, and they have the highest dropout rates of any major ethnic group in the country (U.S. Department of Labor, 2003). Latinos' educational attainment is consistently lower than that of other students (Gandara, 2008). The majority of...
Concerns regarding maintaining wheat yield per hectare and extending
the commercial life expectancy of cultivars grown in the Yaqui
Valley of Mexico prompted this investigation. Four genetically diverse
spring wheat cultivars were grown in pure stands and in all possible
combinations at the Northwest Agricultural Research Center at Ciudad
Obregon...
Until the 1930s, flows of the Colorado River maintained approximately 781,060 hectares of wetlands in its delta. These wetlands provided important feeding and nesting grounds for resident and migratory birds as well as spawning and protection habitat for many fish and other invertebrate species. However, the Delta's wetlands started to...
Fisheries management currently claims for fisheries governance (FG), a more balanced scheme that proposes to share the power among government, civil society and economics. In Mexico and other developing countries, the lack of operational regulations has delayed its implementation. Several authors state that topological analysis is useful to identify key...
Seascape ecology is an emerging discipline focused on understanding how features of the marine habitat influence the
spatial distribution of marine species. However, there is still a gap in the development of concepts and techniques for its
application in the marine pelagic realm, where there are no clear boundaries delimitating...
This paper is aimed at determining the impact of the variability of marine environment conditions on the
capture of a vessel that exploit the red seabream fishery of the Strait of Gibraltar. This paper estimates
first and second order elasticities of a Translog approximation of a Stochastic Distance Functions of...
Over the past century, the tuna canning industry has been dominated by a few big companies, some of
them having changed of ownership or merged: these oligopolistic firms are the “big three” in the USA,
Van Camp, Star Kist, and Bumble Bee, the French Saupiquet, the Italian Trinity Alimentari and...
The focus of this thesis is to design, characterize, and apply novel computational methods and molecular systems to interrogate heterogeneous human gut microbiome-related phenomena. In Chapter 2, I design, implement, and characterize a method for embedding co-occurrence patterns derived from massive 16s amplicon datasets. I use this method to 1....
Rising atmospheric [CO₂], cₐ, is expected to affect stomatal regulation of leaf gas-exchange of woody plants, thus influencing energy fluxes as well as carbon (C), water, and nutrient cycling of forests. Researchers have proposed various strategies for stomatal regulation of leaf gas-exchange that include maintaining a constant leaf internal [CO₂],...
Court cases, wills, and letters are common examples of surviving primary texts
from colonial Latin America. These documents are important to historians because they
provide a unique glimpse into the lives of ordinary people who lived hundreds of years
ago. This thesis is a recreation of these types of primary...
This document provides the abbreviated program grid showing a one-page summary of presentations made at the NAAFE Forum 2015, Economic Sustainability, Fishing Communities, and Working Waterfronts, held in Ketchikan, Alaska, May 20-22, 2015. The conference was organized by Keith Criddle and Quentin Fong, University of Alaska Fairbanks, School of Fisheries...
Marine debris is a chronic and increasingly pervasive problem for coastal regions around the world. Debris poses environmental risks, threats to wildlife, and degradation of the natural environment. Recent research has shown the advantages of uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) for detection and recognition of marine debris, including the ability to...
Seasonality and drought in Amazon rainforests have been controversially discussed in the literature, partially due to a limited ability of current remote sensing techniques to detect its impacts on tropical vegetation. We use a multi-angle remote sensing approach to determine changes in vegetation structure from differences in directional scattering (anisotropy)...
At the May 19, 1982 meeting of the Governing Council of the
United Nations Environment Program, Kenya President Daniel Arap
Moi summarized a growing international feeling that there is a
need for non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to get more
involved in international conservation efforts with the following
statement:
"The issue before...
Literacy is often considered to be a basic set of skills to be mastered by the student; the conventional wisdom maintains that the individual who has mastered these skills is then literate. Scholars in the field of literacy studies, however, argue that such assumptions about literacy fail to take into...
It has generally been assumed by historians and anthropologists that the indigenous groups living to the west and northwest of the Colorado River were non-horticultural with three or four exceptions: some horticulture among the eastern-most Kamia, among the Chemehuevi who settled at a late date along the Colorado River, and...
The concept of compensatory mitigation is well established as an approach to environmental management. In the past, mitigation programs have been used to conserve wetlands affected by development, and is proposed as a cost-effective approach to offsetting greenhouse gas emissions through reforestation programs. The concept may be equally applicable to...
¿Cómo se implican los bibliotecarios españoles en Wikipedia (y en Wikidata, Wikisource, y otros proyectos hermanos deWikipedia) en tanto que organizadores del movimiento Wikimedia? Y, ¿qué les motiva? Este artículo sobre los hallazgos surgidos a raíz de 14 entrevistas realizadas a 18 bibliotecarios.Los entrevistados eran plurilingües y colaboraban con proyectos...
People involved in a nuclear activity, whether they are developing it, benefiting from it, or opposing it, see inherent connections between various aspects of nuclear science and technology. This thesis investigates three nuclear sites: a university research reactor, a dual-purpose reactor that produced plutonium for the U.S. military and electricity...
This paper is included in the Proceedings, Part 1, of the International Conference on Computational Science 2009 (ICCS 2009) held in Baton Rouge, LA, USA, May 25-27, 2009.
This thesis is a comparative study of the two processes of currency change that occurred in Ecuador in 2000 and in France in 2002. Although the background of these two countries and the motivations behind each currency change varied, Ecuador and France have experienced many similar outcomes. Each of the...
Members of the family Chlamydiae cause a wide range of diseases. Chlamydia trachomatis and C. pneumoniae are most commonly associated with human disease. C. psittaci and C. pecorum are largely animal pathogens, although C. psittaci can cause pneumonia in the elderly and immunocompromised. A vaccine against these pathogens is desirable,...
Small-scale fisheries around the world are increasingly facing pressures from a range of environmental, economic, and social sources. In order to sustain the societal benefits of small-scale fisheries, it is imperative to understand how fishing communities adapt to disturbances. Fishermen often catch multiple different species as an adaptation technique because...
This thesis is comprised of two manuscripts based on a laboratory experiment conducted to examine realistic wave forcing on a vertical wall subjected to tsunami loading. The first manuscript examined tsunami force and pressure distributions on a rigid wall that was fronted by a small seawall. Six different seawall heights...
The yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis is the most important wines spoilage yeast encountered during winemaking as it can survive in wine for long periods, requires minimal nutrients for growth, and can be difficult to control. Brettanomyces produces two major spoilage products, the volatile phenols 4-ethylphenol (Band-Aid, medicinal smell) and 4-ethylguaiacol (smoke,...
The original settlement of Santa Rosalia,
Baja California del Sur, Mexico, was due to the exploitation
of the copper resources in the Boleo copper
district of Mexico. Mineral resources have always
been significant in the economy of the town.
Development in Santa Rosalia has been limited by the
non-renewable aspects...
Tsunami force and pressure distributions on a rigid
wall fronted by a small seawall were determined experimentally
in a large-scale wave flume. Six different
seawall heights were examined, two of which were exposed
to a range of solitary wave heights. The same
experiment was done without a seawall for comparison....
There is an ever growing number of Latinas/os who reside and have settled permanently in rural America. Unbeknownst to most, rural Latinas/os face adversities unfamiliar to those living outside of this scope. As it stands, the barriers urban Latinas/os students face when transitioning to college has been well documented. However,...
Stressors associated with human activities interact in complex ways to affect marine ecosystems,
yet we lack spatially explicit assessments of cumulative impacts on ecologically and
economically key components such as marine predators. Here we develop a metric of
cumulative utilization and impact (CUI) on marine predators by combining electronic tracking...
Full Text:
, Oregon 97365, USA.
18Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, California
The pre-Tertiary oceanic crust exposed on the west coast of Costa Pica has been broadly referred to as the Nicoya Complex. This study was designed to determine the age of the Nicoya Complex in the Nicoya Peninsula, Playa Jaco, and the Quepos Peninsula using Ar-40-Ar-39 radiometric dating and to assess...
Reef building corals are the foundation of an entire ecosystem, but they are threatened primarily by rising ocean temperatures due to climate change. Corals depend on a thermally sensitive symbiosis with intracellular dinoflagellates. As oceans warm, this symbiosis is disrupted and results in coral mortality, declining populations and degraded reefs....
This dissertation describes the development of a new sustained release formulation of nifedipine. The new formulation was developed by coating commercially available immediate release soft elastic gelatin capsules using a spray coating technique with two different polymeric combinations. Dissolution studies were conducted and showed that controlled release of nifedipine was...
Known as the fourth industrial revolution, digitization is an ongoing trend in all fields, in which various industries are integrating information technologies to support and improve their businesses. Nuclear technology industries have also increased their interest in data-driven methods by leveraging the potential of pattern recognition to identify anomalies and...
This paper addresses how the implementation of North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has affected the use of Information Technology (IT) in Mexico. In order to answer this question this thesis analyzes the direct and indirect effects of NAFTA on Mexico’s economic and regulatory environment, and how this influences the...
Full Text:
.
Another effect that NAFTA had was increasing levels of FDI (Chiquajar, and Manuel, 2004). The main
Purpose of the Study:
The purpose of this exploratory study is to find an accepted
methodology for teaching second-language suprasegrnentals by investigating
the question of whether or not the use of contrastive analysis
is superior to another method that does not use contrastive analysis.
Specifically, the comparison of methods is...
In this thesis, a new learning algorithm is introduced that is targeted towards individual fairness. In order to be individually fair, mispredictions need to be avoided as each such prediction means the learning algorithm was unfair towards some individual. Therefore, achieving individual fairness implies having a perfect classifier, which is...
In open set recognition, a classifier must label instances of known classes while detecting instances of unknown classes not encountered during training. To detect unknown classes while still generalizing to new instances of existing classes, this thesis introduces a dataset augmentation technique called counterfactual image generation. This approach, based on...
Seascape ecology is an emerging discipline focused on understanding how features of the marine habitat influence the
spatial distribution of marine species. However, there is still a gap in the development of concepts and techniques for its
application in the marine pelagic realm, where there are no clear boundaries delimitating...
Full Text:
, Alberto Aparicio-Gonzalez3, Patricia Reglero3,
Manuel Hidalgo3, Jose Luis López-Jurado3, Joaquı́n
Flame retardants are in many home products including couches, chairs, and electronics. The most commonly used flame retardants contained polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) until 2004, when the majority of these chemicals were phased out. PBDEs were found to be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic to both humans and the environment. Organophosphate...
Hemicellulose hydrolyzate contains many carbohydrate
fractions, the most abundant being xylose, arabinose, and
glucuronic acid. Under mild acid conditions (0.025 -
0.10 M sulfuric acid) and high temperatures (140°C to
200°C) the first two components form furfural through a
series of dehydration reactions. Unlike xylose and
arabinose, glucuronic acid must...
The question of deep time has been widely debated in the field of American Literature, with scholar Wai Chee Dimock arguing that a deep time perspective puts the chronology of different nations against one another. However, this argument has not adequately addressed the issue of how deep time theories would...
During the Colonial Period, in Mexico there was no rational
forest development policy and, as a result, forest resources were
squandered and to a considerable extent destroyed. During the
Nineteenth Century, a rational forest policy began to be promoted, but
in the end, it was translated into a policy of...
This compilation of theses and dissertations (a part of the OSU Bibliographic Series) for the period 1970-1977 reflects this university's emphasis on research and graduate study. It may be viewed as an indicator of the contributions made to the state of Oregon through graduate study and research at Oregon State...
This research project is an historical case study of the conflict
which evolved from the deliberations and subsequent implementation
of bilingual education in Central School District 13J, Independence,
Oregon. The time period under consideration spans 35 months,
beginning in August 1974, when district officials first proposed bilingual
education, and ending...
Variation in cheese quality due to geographic location is important to cheese producers, consumers, and retailers on a global level. Understanding the impacts of geographic location of cheese plants may be useful to businesses for marketing, cost reduction, and quality improvement. Many aspects of variation due to geography have been...
Final program details of Visible Possibilities: The Economics of Sustainable Fisheries, Aquaculture and Seafood Trade, the 16th Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, held July 16-20, 2012 in the Hyatt Regency Kilimanjaro Hotel, Dar es Salaam Tanzania
The overall objective of this study is to propose a framework or model for
comprehensive management model of coastal development in Quintana Roo (Quintana
Roo's Coastal Management Program-QRCMP), using a regional approach.
Hop (Humulus lupulus L. var. lupulus) is a diploid, dioecious plant with an extensive history of cultivation and use in brewing, as a textile, and for its therapeutic properties. Hop is prized for its ability to produce a variety of aromatic and flavor compounds, as well as compounds with anti-microbial...
This document provides details of the Scientific and Social Programs at the NAAFE Forum 2015, Economic Sustainability, Fishing Communities, and Working Waterfronts, held in Ketchikan, Alaska, May 20-22, 2015. The conference was organized by Keith Criddle and Quentin Fong, University of Alaska Fairbanks, School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, with...
The proper way to order knowledge and find truth about the natural world in the eighteenth century lay in one’s ability to correctly learn and employ the quality of reason. While all had the right to seek reason, only a privileged few achieved its proper use, creating an intellectual elite...
The Younger Dryas climatic event is a global phenomenon associated with a 1,000 year return to glacial conditions during the late Pleistocene period between 12,800 and 11,500 cal BP. Because of its significant effects on paleoenvironmental conditions in some parts of the world, archaeologists commonly seek to assess whether the...
This research design was based upon the mutual relevance
between the fields of education and anthropology to cause cognitive
cultural awareness by the teachers of adults as well as visibility
within the Mexican American ethnic group.
Specifically the purpose of this study was twofold:. (1) to
determine whether the adult...
The first part of the dissertation chronicles irrigation technology changes to progressively improve water application efficiency, water use efficiency, irrigation water productivity and crop production. Technological innovation in irrigation, from 6000 BC to present, has been driven by an unchanging need to provide support for growing populations. The first irrigation...
The North Atlantic zone of Costa Rica is an alluvial plain, whose fairly good soils and warm, extremely wet climate generate serious weed problems in cultivated crops and pastureland. Basic foods - corn, beans, rice and yuca - are important small farm crops. New land is still being opened for...
Sensor system plays an important role in connecting everything including human body to the electrical information systems that we have built and that we are going to build, to make the world more intelligent and efficient. One of the key propulsive forces behind these emerging techniques is CMOS scaling that...
Dormancy of 'Pinot Noir' grapevines was characterized. Primary buds
required ca 300 cumulative chilling hours (CCH) to initiate the transition from
endodormancy to ecodormancy, which occurred in mid November. Additional
chilling, up to 1000 CCH, improved budbreak. Changes in bud water content
were estimated by gravimetric and spectroscopic methods. Total,...
Stories of the Guatemalan Civil War, which lasted from 1960 until 1996, have often focused on only encapsulating the violence indigenous people experienced at the hands of the Guatemalan government and military. Although these stories contributed to the many civil rights organizing and calls for justice that followed, these types...
The suitability of discrete least-squares optimal (Wiener) filters
for deconvolution of tone-burst waveforms is studied. It is shown
that: (1) such waveforms are not well suited to these filters without
preprocessing, (2) the use of exponential weighting results in a significant
improvement in filter performance and (3) that "phase-unwrapping"
in...
Building institutional and human capacity for integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) is
increasingly recognized as critical to the future of sustainable development in coastal states.
Agenda 21 of the UNCED conference has underscored the urgency of capacity building for
ICZM as have other international bodies such as the North American...
Under the Paris Agreement, parties submitted documents outlining their commitments to climate change mitigation and adaptation, called Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), which are set to be updated to increase ambition by 2020. Costa Rica and México are known for their significant national actions on climate change, so comparing these two...
Diversity literary awards and other sources were used to create a list of high-quality titles written by and about underrepresented groups. This list was used to assess the diversity and inclusiveness of the library collections of a land-grant university. Gaps in the collection and acquisition processes were identified and will...
In recent years, many studies have focused on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms regulating the development of wine grapes. The course of grape berry development is directed by genetic design and is mediated by phytohormones, which regulate grape berry growth and development by orchestrating a complex network of interacting genes,...
Software testing is a very important task during software development and it can be used to improve the quality and reliability of the software system. One potential way to reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of software testing is to generate test data automatically. Search-based approaches successfully generate unit...
Many people around the world suffer from a mental illness, and too few receive the help they need. Mental illness is especially prevalent among the homeless. Homelessness is represented in all ages, ethnicities, and genders, and is especially represented among first world countries such as the United States and Spain....
This thesis is concerned with the problem of achieving accurate recognition
rates for Cursive Script Recognition (CSR). Cursive Script Recognition is
difficult due to writer variations such as script formation and time non-linearities.
This research entailed analysis and implementation of a Cursive Script
word-level Recognition system using Dynamic Time Warping...