Youth corrections teachers are an under-researched group of individuals who have much to lend to the discussion surrounding youth corrections including teaching methodologies, challenges, and benefits. This report summarizes the available academic literature of the characteristics of effective youth corrections teachers in comparison with teachers who work in traditional public...
Ebola virus causes an acute hemorrhagic fever lethal in primates and rodents. The contribution of host immune factors to pathogenesis has yet to be determined and may reveal efficacious targets for potential treatment. In this study, we show that the interleukin (IL)-10 signaling pathway modulates Ebola pathogenesis. IL-10 [superscript -...
BACKGROUND: Increasing emphasis in performance-based payment, public reporting, and quality improvement
(QI) has led to widespread interest in measuring and improving the quality of care. By 2014, hospice programs
will be required to report quality data to the federal government or incur financial penalties. With this increased
interest in quality...
Determining age in crustaceans is inherently imprecise because they molt
periodically and do not retain hard structures throughout their lifespan. Morphological
measurements, such as carapace length, are often used to estimate age because
methods for direct ageing do not exist. However, variability in individual growth rate
and molt frequency can...
Brands are becoming more relevant in today’s society, especially in order to
differentiate among competitors and in the eyes of the consumer. As a result of this
relevance, it is becoming increasingly more difficult to maintain a strong brand
perception among consumer markets. Therefore, it is fundamental for brands to...
Two indigenous species of burrowing shrimp inhabit and often dominate the intertidal zone of estuaries along the US West Coast, the ghost shrimp, Neotrypaea californiensis, and the blue mud shrimp, Upogebia pugettensis. Both species are considered ecosystem engineers and play a role in maintaining estuarine health and ecosystem function. They...
Significance: Parasite survival and virulence relies on effective defenses against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced by the host immune system. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are ubiquitous enzymes now thought to be central to such defenses and, as such, have potential value as drug targets and vaccine antigens. Recent Advances: Plasmodial and...
Steven Universe, a relatively new show from Cartoon Network, explores an unexpectedly complex understanding of gender through their main protagonists. Utilizing Judith Butler’s work on gender performativity and doing gender, as well as Daniel Dennett’s conception of the self as a theorist’s fiction, and Alexander Weheliye’s understanding of power and...
Transgenic biotechnology holds enormous potential as a tool to address global food insecurity. Transgenic food crops have been shown to increase food availability and food system security by incorporating disease, pesticide and drought resistance. Production costs of transgenic crops are lower due to the reduced need for costly pesticides and...
This work sought to characterize a link between Vitamin C and nitroglycerin at the level of enzymatic bioactivation. Before we could proceed, we needed to develop a method that sensitively and selectively identified the product of bioactivation, nitrite. We successfully adapted traditional diaminonaphthalene derivatization with the use of stable isotope...
This thesis consists of four chapters. Literature is
reviewed in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 describes an addition
series experiment to determine the influence of species
density and proportion on vegetative and reproductive yield
of spring wheat and Lolium multiflorum. Chapter 3 consists
of a growth analysis experiment to determine whether...
A fossil-calibrated phylogenetic framework based on exemplars from each of the four taxonomic sections within Pinus was created using multiple nuclear and chloroplast loci. Calibration at the well-defined subgeneric split within Pinus with either fossil leaves and cones (ca. 45 million years ago) or fossil wood (ca. 85 million years...
In addition to its longstanding recognition as an influential evolutionary process, interspecific hybridization is increasingly regarded as a potential threat to the genetic integrity and survival of rare plant species, manifested through gamete wasting, increased pest and disease pressures, outbreeding depression, competitive exclusion, and genetic assimilation. Alternatively, hybridization has also...
The central goal of this study was to assess Venezuelan parent attitudes toward specific areas of parent-child
relationships such as child creativity, child play,
parental sense of frustration in childrearing, the amount
of parental control exercised over their children, and
parents' perception of themselves as teachers of their
own children....
Recent advances in DNA vaccine technology has brought about a promising strategy for the control of viruses that contain surface membrane glycoproteins. This type of vaccine involves the intramuscular injection of a bacterial plasmid containing a gene encoding a viral protein. The strategy uses eukaryotic processing of the protein as...
The Mx protein family of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was characterized at the molecular level. With primers derived from a partial sequence of Perch (Perca fluviatis) Mx genomic DNA, a partial rainbow trout Mx genomic DNA sequence was obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. All salmonid fish investigated contained...
The purpose of this study was to assess the usage of distance education in undergraduate dietetics programs. Additionally, the possibility of obtaining an undergraduate degree in dietetics via distance education was examined. The population receiving the survey research was all directors (279) of Commission on Accreditation for Dietetics Education (CADE)...
Several systems were examined for the production and delivery of recombinant vaccines for fish. C. crescentus was employed to produce a fragment of the IHNV glycoprotein. When administered by injection to 0.5 gram rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), one of the fusion proteins (184 amino acids of the IHNV glycoprotein fused...
The influence of alfalfa fiber level 28, 54 and 74% in diets on
the proximate compositions, pH and water-holding capacity of raw and
cooked rabbit meat were investigated.
Preslaughter live weight, percent dress weight and percent
abdominal fat of rabbits fed 54% alfalfa fiber diet were
significantly higher and total...
In 2012, heads of local law enforcement agencies in Benton County, Oregon, contacted researchers at Oregon State University to discuss a problem: a sharp rise in the amount of contact between police and suspects displaying symptoms of mental illness. This initial contact led to an ongoing collaborative examination of the...
The aim of this study is to explore how women who identify as both active, believing Mormons and as feminists negotiate the contradictions between an ideology that values equality (feminism) and a religion that values patriarchy (Mormonism). Data were gathered through recorded and transcribed interviews with women who identify as...
Ascorbic acid, or vitamin C, is well known as a co-factor for proline-hydroxylase and as an anti-oxidant. However, it is also capable of forming covalent bonds, particularly in the role of a nucleophile, henceforth termed 'ascorbylation'.
The ascorbylation of electrophiles can occur under physiological conditions. Furthermore, there are a number...
In this dissertation, I examine emerging economic issues which intersect outdoor recreation, environmental quality, public land use, and public health advisories. First, I explore the potential impacts of social media on visitation to public land. Social media, and in particular Instagram, has been suggested by journalist and land managers as...
The purpose of this research was to explore patients' perceptions of services provided by hospital dietitians. The two-phase study included: (1) personal interviews of thirty-one patients to determine service attributes believed important when receiving a dietitian's service, and (2) development of a survey instrument, NUTRI-SERVE. Responses were obtained from 103...
The decisions in Solid Waste Agency of Northern Cook County v. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 531 U.S. 159 (2001) (SWANCC) and Rapanos v. United States, 547 U.S. ___(2006), deviated from the more broad interpretations of congressional intent granted by the court in past assessments of the constitutionality of environmental...
This work set out to examine the potential contribution of five aliphatic lactones, γ-nonalactone, γ-decalactone, γ-dodecalactone, δ-decalactone and δ-dodecalactone to stone fruit aroma in beer. This work consists of three related studies; lactone olfaction thresholds, additive/synergistic aroma effects and a gas-chromatography-mass-spectrophometry method of analysis. First was the determination of these...
RNA tumor viruses, such as avian myeloblastosis virus (AMV)
and MC29 virus, cause malignant transformation of the cells they infect.
Transformed cells are able to continually produce progeny virus
particles.
Evidence is given that RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is present
in virus infected cells. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase isolated
from AMV-infected myeloblasts...
The volatile flavor fraction of lightly milled wheat grown in
eastern Oregon was isolated for study by two methods: steam distillation
under vacuum and steam distillation at atmospheric pressure.
The sample obtained under vacuum was extracted with ether
which was then evaporated to yield the desired wheat essence.
Steam distillation...
With the increased production and use of double knit fabrics
made from textured filament polyester, homemakers have become
concerned over procedures for care that can be successfully carried
out in the home. The purpose of this study was to determine what
effects wash water temperatures and drying methods have on...
The Communication Decency Act became law in 1996 and was
immediately challenged on Constitutional grounds. It was subsequently declared
unconstitutional based on the First Amendment guarantee of free speech. Using
Fantasy Theme Analysis, an analysis of the dramatic elements of the key players
was accomplished. The dramatic elements of Overall...
The creating of pattern in woven fabrics by placing design on the
warps and/or wefts before they are woven is ancient. Primary
examples of these textiles are ikat, which is a resist dyeing technique,
and chine, in which design is painted or in some way printed on the
tensioned warp...
The development of an effective infectious
hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) vaccine depends on a
better understanding of the antigenic structure and
variation among isolates. Three objectives to elucidate
this were: (1) to generate a panel of antigenic
derivatives of the IHNV glycoprotein by monoclonal
antibody-mediated selection of neutralization-resistant
variant viruses,...
Twenty mentally retarded teen-age girls living at Fairview Hospital and Training Center in Salem, Oregon, were selected to be included in this study. The purpose of the study was to attempt to determine if institutionalized mentally retarded teen-age girls are able to benefit through a class dealing with personal grooming...
The purpose of this study was to answer the following question: What was the
perceived value to planners of incorporating information from ecotourists about their
perceived needs in the standard system presently being used to plan interpretation?
The Ecotourist Needs Assessment (ETNA) process was proposed as an external needs
assessment....
The symbiosis between cnidarians, such as corals and sea anemones, and photosynthetic dinoflagellates belonging to the genus Symbiodinium spp. is one of the most productive in the marine environment. This mutualistic endosymbiosis allow reef-building corals to lay down the foundation of coral reef ecosystems, which supports a highly biodiverse community...
The purpose of this study was to propose recommendations
for improved diffusion of clothing information to
orthopedically limited adults.
A sample of 180 orthopedically limited adults residing
in the Willamette Valley of Oregon was selected using
mailing lists from the Oregon Governor's Conference for the
Handicapped, from Oregon State University...
In this thesis, we expand the scope of a previously introduced Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method to solve the slab-geometry discrete ordinates (S$_N$) neutron transport equations. Specifically, we extend the method to energy-dependent (multi-group) fixed source problems involving heterogeneous media and more general boundary conditions - vacuum and incident flux...
Growth hormone binding protein (GHBP) may be an important
factor in the regulation of growth as well as an indirect,
less invasive way of predicting the status of growth hormone
receptors. Several factors (age, nutritional status, sex,
and glucocorticoid administration) have been reported to
influence circulating growth hormone (GH) levels,...
Metabolomics is a comprehensive analysis of small molecules, or metabolites, in a system. Metabolomics is a hypothesis-generating experiment and offers an unbiased analysis of cell metabolism that can aid in the understanding of fundamental biological processes. Metabolomics is widely and broadly applicable in the biological sciences and has been used...
Chloroplast genomes of conifers are unusual in a
number of respects, including the possession of much
repetitive DNA. By studying the distribution and sequences
of dispersed repetitive DNA, I hoped to gain insight into
the mechanisms of chloroplast genome evolution.
I used restriction mapping and DNA sequencing to
characterize dispersed...
The level of polymorphisms of many biochemical and DNA markers are low in
cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The number of mapped public DNA
markers is limited. Molecular markers have not been developed for the most
important diseases of sunflower, such as downy mildew. The objectives of this
study were...
The effect of defoliation intensity and season on Douglas-fir growth
were studied in three replications in the Siuslaw National Forest during
1988-1990. Four intensities of defoliation were applied once in either spring or
summer 1988. Stem diameter and canopy area were linearly inversely
proportional to the level of defoliation. Defoliation...
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health issue due to the incidence,
complexity, and cost associated with treatment. The purpose of this study was to
determine physical activity (PA) knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and barriers
among individuals with a TBI undergoing outpatient rehabilitation. Seventeen
participants completed a series of...
Black vine weevil (BVW), Otiorhynchus sulcatus Fabricius, is a serious pest in cranberry, Vaccinium macrocarpon. Larvae feeding below the soil surface cause damage to the roots and underground stems. Knowledge is sparse in regard to the damage potential of BVW in Pacific Northwest cranberry beds. Control with insecticides is limited...
The sensitivity of the tropics to climate change, particularly the amplitude of glacial‐to‐interglacial changes in sea surface temperature (SST), is one of the great controversies in paleoclimatology. Here we reassess faunal estimates of ice age SSTs, focusing on the problem of no‐analog planktonic foraminiferal assemblages in the equatorial oceans that...
We examine the utility of the uranium (U) content of planktonic foraminifera tests as an indicator of past changes in seawater U content. The U/Ca ratio in foraminifera from Atlantic and Caribbean cores in constant in the Holocene and decreases by ~25% during the last glacial period. Magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios...
The loss of all deuterium labels from previous feedings of [2-²H]-,
[3,3-²H₂]-, and [2,3,3-²H₃]arginines had indicated the possible intermediacy
of β-hydroxy- and β-ketoarginine (30 and 31, respectively) in the
biosynthesis of the streptolidine portion of streptothricin F (la).
In order to confirm or refute this evidence, D,L-[2,3,3,5,5-²H₅]-
arginine (32) was...
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) - white clover
(Trifolium repens) hill-land pastures were grazed at
different times in the winter to study the effect of time
of winter grazing on plant response and forage production.
The same pastures were grazed by sheep once in early
December, January, February, March, or April...
Cultivated meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba Benth.) is an annual oil seed crop native to southern Oregon. California and British Columbia. The genus Limnanthes is composed of nine species and divided into two sections, Inflexae and Reflexae. The seed oil of meadowfoam is a rich source of erucic acid and several novel...
Following thermal neutron induced fission, supervised machine learning and temporal gamma-ray spectroscopy methods were used to identify differences in the delayed gamma-ray spectra of Pu-239 and U-235. The temporal gamma-ray spectroscopy method takes advantage of the time-dependent decay of fission products. Employing Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient and without prior knowledge...
As part of investigations to adapt a suitable grazing system in
western Oregon, this research was designed to monitor the effects of
defoliation treatments on dry matter production, forage quality,
regrowth after defoliation, and species composition of a Lolium
perenne Trifolium subterraneum pasture for three consecutive
growing seasons from 1980...
Wildtype sunflower typically produces 12-24% oleic acid (18:1) and 70-82%
linoleic acid (18:2). High-oleic sunflower, by contrast, produces up to 80-94% oleic
acid. The monounsaturated oleic acid has a greater oxidative stability than the
polyunsaturated linoleic acid, predominant in wildtype sunflower, and has greater
nutritional benefits than polyunsaturated and saturated...
We tested a synthetic bacterio-opsin (bO) gene derived from Halobacterium halobium for its effect on disease resistance in transgenic poplar hybrids, and assessed a genetic system for controlling expression of this gene. In tobacco the bO gene caused necrotic lesions similar to an induced hypersensitive response (HR), increased levels of...
Cuphea is an herbaceous genus having species whose seed
storage lipids are predominantly medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs).
Cuphea lanceolate Ait, and Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. are central to
the breeding of Cuphea as a new commercial source of MCTs. The
objectives of this thesis were to develop a reliable method to
extract...
Two labelled arginines, DL-[2,3,3,-²H₃]arginine, 8,
and DL-[ ¹³C, 2-¹⁵N]arginine, 9, were synthesized. These
were fed to cultures of Streptomyces griseochromogenes in
order to probe the mechanism of the apparent arginine-2,3-
aminomutase reaction occurring in biosynthesis of blasticidin
S, 1. In previous studies of the enzymes lysine-2,3-
aminomutase and tyrosine-2,3-aminomutase different...
Cuphea laminuligera Koehne and Cuphea lutea Rose in Koehne are
undomesticated species having potential as oilseed crops. Genetic
markers and mating systems have not been described for these
species. Our objectives were to survey these species for allozyme
variation, analyze the segregation and linkage of polymorphic loci,
estimate autofertility and...
Making quality and winterhardiness in barley are "ultimate" phenotypes composed of
component, quantitatively inherited traits. A 69-point genome map of the seven chromosomes of
barley was used, in conjunction with multi-environment phenotypes for grain yield and malting
quality, to determine the chromosome locations of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). A combined...
Fiber flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) production in the Willamette Valley ended in
Oregon around 1957 before newly developed technology and fiber cultivars were
available. The purpose of this research was to explore the use of modern methods and
new cultivars.
Field studies were conducted to evaluate cultivars and optimum cultural...
Plant form is a compromise between resource gathering, reproduction and
the tolerance to physical demands of the abiotic and biotic environment. In
an agricultural field in addition to the natural factors causing stress, humans
also introduce physical and mechanical stresses, and chemical pesticides
into the environment. Many of these factors...
The cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L., x=17) is one of the most important annual oilseed crops in the world. There are very few publicly shared sequence-based DNA markers and genetic maps in sunflower, even though molecular DNA markers and genetic maps have become widely used in all areas of genetic...
Marker information in the new oilseed crop, meadowfoam, is limited. Molecular markers to facilitate meadowfoam breeding and cultivar improvement are not available. The knowledge of genetic relationships among recent germplasm is not known. The objectives of this study were (i) to gain an understanding of genetic diversity and relationship patterns...
We evaluated genes previously identified from a large scale functional genomics screen for their potential value to help enhance carbon sequestration in planted trees. We used poplar as a model tree species because of its abundant genetic variation, ease of gene transfer, and availability of large databases for genomic, anatomical,...
This study was conducted to determine the effects of
shipping stress on the immune system in domestic lambs (Ovis
aries) and to determine the potential of the thymic peptide,
thymulin, to reduce those effects of stress on the immune
system. Treatments consisted of no shipping (as unstressed
controls), shipping (as...
A three-year investigation was conducted during 1980-1982 to
evaluate the potential of using herded sheep as a silvicultural tool
to suppress brush in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) plantations
of Oregon's Coast Range. Sheep browsing of Douglas-fir was highest
in May soon after bud break. Averaged over the 2 years of grazing,...
Salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis) and thimbleberry
(Rubus parviflorus) are clonal shrub species common to
reforestation sites in the Oregon Coast Range. These
species have economic importance, because they reduce
conifer seedling growth and survival. A population modeling
approach was used to facilitate study of the biology of
these species and to...
Early studies on the biosynthesis of the quinoline quinone portion of
streptonigrin, 1, had suggested the intermediacy of novel aromatic amino
acids. In order to test this hypothesis, a series of compounds was synthesized
and tested for potential incorporation. [4-¹⁵N] 4-Aminoanthranilic acid,
4 5 a , [4-² H] 7-aminoquinaldinic acid,...
Economic theorists have proposed that the problems created
by a Pareto-relevant externality may be solved by market transactions
between the involved parties. These market transactions would allow
realization of the potential gains from trade which characterize a
Pareto-relevant externality. After all potential gains from trade had
been realized, a Pareto-efficient...
Obesity is a complex multifactorial disease resulting from excessive energy intake compared to energy expenditure. The excess energy is mostly stored as fat in enlarged adipocytes, but some lipids may infiltrate other organs such as the liver to form ectopic fat. Adipose tissue and ectopic fat produce and secrete a...
Due to public and regulatory restrictions, genetic containment technology is critical for research and development of transgenic trees in forestry. A multi-year field trial demonstrated that the RNAi-LFY construct successfully induces sexual sterility in 6K10 poplar (Populus alba) without visible effects on vegetative development. However, its limited number of replicates...
These studies were conducted to examine the
influence of several variables on the growth hormone binding
protein (GHBP) in serum of pigs. Continuous long term
porcine somatotropin (pST) injections (daily for 6-7 wk)
increased GHBP activity (p < .05). However, periodic short
term pST injections (daily, every second d or...
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most common DNA polymorphisms in plant and animal genomes. SNPs were identified in the allele sequences of up to 12 sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes for a genome-wide sample of 81 loci originally mapped using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. The RFLP loci...
A cost function characterizes a firm's cost-minimizing behavior. It is defined
as a function of the level of outputs produced and the prices of factors which enter
the production process. Econometric estimation of a cost function allows one to test
hypotheses regarding the structure of cost and the structure of...
This research addresses sample process variance estimation on continuous domains and for non-probability samples in particular. The motivation for the research is a scenario in which a program has collected non-probability samples for which there is interest in characterizing how much an extrapolation to the domain would vary given similarly...
Oxidative stress occurs when the balance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense mechanisms in the body becomes tipped heavily in favor of the reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species can be present in excess due to elevated O2 levels, radiation, infection, smoking, or even excessive exercise. It is also...
As part of investigations to evaluate the suitability of sheep grazing in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) plantations of Oregon's Coast Range, this research was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of sheep grazing in suppressing unwanted vegetation, determine seasonal variations in forage quality, and investigate the impact of sheep grazing on big...
Calls continually are made to provide economic assessments of research program achievements and efficiency. Yet little effort has been given to develop an assessment framework that would focus on the research discovery itself, treating the research manager as a producer and the research technology as a knowledge production function. The...
Thin foil samples of special nuclear materials (SNMs) were irradiated for 60s using a Mark TRIGA II reactor, and their associated gamma emissions were recorded with a count time of 60s following irradiation. A rapid pneumatic transfer system was used to irradiate the samples in front of beam port #4....