Background: While males generally outperform females in athletic tasks, the underlying mechanisms for this difference remain unclear. Explosive neuromuscular performance of the triple extensors, often investigated via rate of torque development (RTD), is crucial for athletic tasks such as a vertical jump. Purpose: To assess sex differences in rapid torque...
This book is an environmental primer for the people of the Willamette Valley. It sets forth basic principles showing how men's actions cause future consequences in the environment.
This study investigates how teachers develop and extend their understanding and knowledge of teaching and learning with digital technologies in a primarily online Master of Science program. The investigation focuses on exploring the relationship between developing an online community of learners and the construction of technological pedagogical and content knowledge...
The United States (U.S.) has seen dramatic growth in installed wind energy generation capacity in recent years, and that growth is expected to remain strong in the near term. The siting of wind energy facilities poses unique challenges that may be exacerbated by increased buildout. As the number of wind...
Characteristics of minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) habitat at the head of the Laurentian Channel in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada were identified by quantifying environmental and temporal habitat variables and comparing them to the presence or absence of minke whales during the summer of 1996. Identification photographs of minke whales...
Monitoring reproductive success, prey species composition, and colony size of marine birds has been proposed as a method of assessing changes in marine systems that are otherwise difficult to sample (Cairns 1987). I measured inter-annual and intra-seasonal variability in reproductive parameters, taxonomic composition of the diet, and adult body condition...
An in vitro study was conducted to investigate the metabolism and distribution of Se⁷⁵-selenite and Se⁷⁵-selenomethionine (SEM) in
chick blood. Se⁷⁵-selenite is taken up by RBC (13% within 20
minutes) and expelled into the plasma to become bound to proteins. In
contrast, Se⁷⁵-SEM showed a more gradual and continuous buildup...
Reform in science education has often emphasized task-based learning as an instructional method to improve student understanding and retention of concepts, and to promote the development of reasoning and problem-solving. Yet studies assessing student knowledge at the beginning and end of a task-based class show mixed results. Students in task-based...
St. Lawrence Island, Alaska is home to two Formerly Used Defense Sites (FUDS) under remediation by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers since 1985. After more than two decades the local residents continue to be concerned about inadequate site characterization and cleanup. During the summer of 2005, I collected ethnographic...
A cultivar comparison study was conducted to identify similarities
and differences in cane characteristics between 2 primocane fruiting
red raspberry cultivars and to determine if the differences and
similarities can help determine cultural practices that may improve
productivity. The comparison of the cultivars 'Amity1 and 'August
Red' showed a difference...
Controversy regarding moral development research has given rise to a proliferation of theories competing for acceptance. For all these researchers, the work of Lawrence Kohlberg is the pivot point for comparisons, contrasts, and discussions. Still, no theories to date adequately describe and document a theoretically complete conception of moral judgment...
The Lawrence Memorial Grassland Preserve, located in
Wasco County, Oregon, exhibits a wide variety of soil mounds and
patterned ground features. The size, shape, and distribution of
several elements of this peculiar landscape were analyzed with a
detailed map, field observations, and statistical procedures.
Common soil mound shapes are circular,...
The thesis is a structural and petrographic study of approximately
23 square miles in the Millican SE quadrangle, Deschutes
County, Oregon. The area lies along the Brothers fault zone.
Bedrock in the area is of Pliocene to Recent age and consists
of an older basaltic unit with an associated dacite,...
Large-volume (20-liter) bioassays were carried out in order to
assess the effects of major nutrients and micro-nutrients on
natural phytoplankton populations in water collected from a site
close to the mouth of Yaquina Bay, Oregon. Seven long-term
experiments were conducted during the years 1975-1976. A stripping
technique employing activated carbon...
Integration methods for enzymatic reactions were applied to
transducer response vs. time curves which exhibit maxima, minima or
inflections. The difference between the integral of the time
dependent response and the initial response, often zero, is related
to the initial enzyme activity or substrate concentration. Fluorescence response curves which exhibit...
Purpose of the Study: This study was undertaken as a result of interest in the
introduction of guide groups into the operation of secondary
schools. Particularly when viewed from the historical perspective
of the times in which it was initiated, the guide group concept
offers an opportunity to examine the...
On a daily basis, employees in the service industry manage their emotional and physical displays, both to their coworkers and customers. Whether this management is for personal gain or organizational requirement, these attempts to manage other’s impressions can have important personal effects. Specifically, when managing emotional displays to customers, there...
Studying human’s ability to estimate temporal durations could lead to a greater
understanding of our cognitive abilities as well as the processes that underlie temporal
estimation. It has been shown through previous research that time and number may be
interconnected cognitively and that the magnitude of one may alter the...
The purpose of this study was to understand how instruction in an introductory nonmajor astronomy course at Oregon State University affects how non-science majors view science and the scientific process. The study used research-based methods to design a reform-based lecture/lab course and implement it for students. Two top-level questions were...
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_____________________________________________________________________
Lawrence B. Flick
The purpose of this study was to understand how instruction in an
This was an experimental study designed to compare the effectiveness
of computer-assisted laboratory instruction to teacher-assisted
laboratory instruction based on student achievement in Elementary
Business Statistics. Computer-assisted laboratory materials and an
Elementary Business Statistics achievement test were evaluated.
Procedures
The setting of this experiment was at Southern Oregon State
College,...
Previous studies have shown that rainbow trout exposed to dieldrin via diet for 9 to 12 weeks increased biliary excretion of a subsequent dose of [¹⁴C]dieldrin by 500%. This was not explained by induction of the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) system involved in oxidative metabolism of these compounds. We hypothesized that...
Feeding rainbow trout 0.3-0.4 mg dieldrinlkg/d for 9-12 weeks stimulated the biliary excretion of a subsequent dose of [¹⁴C]dieldrin by 500% and [³H]7,12- dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) by 240%. In vitro work demonstrated that this interaction occurred without induction of the cytochrome P450 system, or other hepatocellular proteins involved in metabolism. The...
A combination of theoretical perspectives is used to create a rich description of student reasoning when facing a highly-geometric electricity and magnetism problem in an upper-division active-engagement physics classroom at Oregon State University. Geometric reasoning as students encounter problem situations ranging from familiar to novel is described using van Zee...
Pacific Northwest prairies have become significantly reduced in extent, and in the Willamette Valley of Oregon, less than one percent of native upland prairies remain. Many species have been impacted by this extreme loss of habitat, including Castilleja levisecta (golden paintbrush), a threatened hemiparasitic forb species endemic to the Pacific...
This paper presents a study of the resonant transfer of energy
between filters with the viewpoint of applying this technique to
communication systems.
A summary of the existing filter designs
for this application is made.
This summary shows that a requirement
common to all these filters is that the impulse...
The black crappie was evaluated as a pond fish in four experimental
ponds in the Willamette Valley. Two ponds were stocked with
largemouth bass, bluegill sunfish, and black crappie (1:9:3), and
two ponds with largemouth bass and black crappie (1:3).
Total biomass was greatest in the three-species ponds (80 kg/...
Increased demand for wood fiber has necessarily
increased the intensity of forest management in recent years.
In the Pacific Northwest the release of deciduous vegetation
following clearcutting of Douglas-fir is a major problem.
Herbicides which have been used in the past to control this
brush competition may no longer be...
This thesis examines the application of findings from the social psychological field of
procedural justice to public involvement in natural resource decision making. The
methodological approach involves examining the literature of each of the fields and
developing a synthesis applicable to public involvement. The review of public involvement
literature reveals...
Overtly non-toxic doses of organochlorine (OC) insecticides perturb lipid homeostasis
in mice and rats. To increase understanding of how chlordecone (CD), an OC
insecticide, modulates cholesterol (CH) homeostasis, we determined the effect of CD
pretreatment on the tissue and hepatic subcellular distribution of exogenous [¹⁴C]CH. Corn oil alone or CD...
Lipid peroxidation is believed to be an important
process in the development of cellular injury. In
addition to the degradation of biological membranes,
increasing evidence indicates that lipid peroxidation can
alter the structure and function of DMA.
The present study examines the peroxidation of
nuclear membranes and the capacity of...
Various aspects of the energetic response to handling stress in juvenile
coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were examined. Fish were subjected to
four different handling stressors in a Blazka-style respirometer. Stressed fish
had rates of oxygen consumption that were higher than controls. The
magnitude of the increase ranged from 139 to...
The purposes of this study were to: 1) determine in what ways incorporating active engagement into a traditional lecture chemistry course contributed to students' science identity and their motivation to learn the science, and 2) determine how the development of a science identity could be measured through the use of...
At Site-300, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), CA,
trichloroethene (TCE) is present along with tetraalkoxysilanes such as tetrabutoxysilane
(TBOS) and tetrakis(2-ethylbutoxy) silane (TKEBS), as subsurface contaminants.
Intrinsic transformation of TCE to cis-dichloroethene (c-DCE) was observed in the
groundwater at locations co-contaminated with TBOS or TKEBS. Attenuation of TBOS
and TKEBS...
A method for measuring food carbon assimilation in the copepod
Calanus finmarchicus was developed, using the diatom Ditylum
brightwelli as food. The amount of particulate food carbon ingested
was determined as the difference between CHN analyzer analyses for
particulate food carbon of pre- and post-grazed food suspensions.
The fraction of...
Vitamin E was first described in 1922 as an unknown factor required for impregnated rats to carry their offspring to term. In fact, when vitamin E was chemically characterized it was given the name "tocopherol" derived from the Greek: tokos = childbirth; phero = to bear; and –ol, indicating an...
An anemia of juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) is described and stages of development separated by recognizable syndromes. A vitamin E-deficient diet of low rancidity produced a severe microcytic anemia with strong immature red cell response and granulocytosis occurring 2 to 4 weeks before a drop in hemoglobin and hematocrit...
Biliary excretion of taurocholate in thermally acclimated rainbow trout was stimulated at higher environmental temperature (18 vs. 14 or 10° C)e Acute 4° C shifts in body temperature produced more pronounced changes in biliary excretion. Thermally modulated biliary excretion was negatively correlated with plasma half live of taurocholate. Absorption of...
In this paper we investigate how hospitals can create a more inclusive climate in their organizations that can foster an environment where all employees and, in turn, patients feel welcome. We ask the question of whether it is leaders or employees that have the agency to create this climate that...
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are significant pollutants in aquatic environments. Many are carcinogenic and lead to DNA fragmentation and adduct formation in marine and freshwater organisms. Previous research demonstrates that rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) compensate to long-term PAH dietary exposures and reduce the DNA damage.
The aim of this study...
During the years between 1930 and 1950 a number of attempts
were made to introduce techniques and ideas from cytology,
ecology, and genetics into the field of taxonomy. Advocates of
this "experimental taxonomy" believed that cytological, ecological,
and genetic techniques would provide a rigorous, objective
methodology to replace the traditional...
The dynamical nature of atmospheric disturbances in
the Southern Hemisphere simulated by a two-level general
circulation (GCM) model is studied. Time series of the
dependent variables and diabatic heating components from
10 Southern Hemisphere winters (JJA) and summers (DJF)
simulated by the Oregon State University two-level GCM are
used. The...
The main contributions of this thesis are the development and
application of four computationally efficient solutions for
least-squares-based (LS-based) minimum variance spectral estimation
(MVSE). They are: (1) fast computational solution for the 1-D
covariance LS-based MVSE, (2) fast computational solution for the
1-D modified covariance LS-based MVSE, (3) fast computational...
Effects of diet on food energy utilization by grass
carp fed aquatic plants or formulated diets with varied
lipid sources and levels are presented in three
manuscripts. Significant effects of diet on food
consumption, digestion, growth and muscle fatty acid (FA)
composition of fingerling diploid grass carp fed aquatic
macrophytes...
Surface and subsurface data from the Sulaiman thrust belt show that nearly all
the 10 km thick sequence of dominantly platform (>7 km) and molasse strata is detached
at the deformation front. These strata thicken tectonically to a minimum of 20 km in the
hinterland of the Sulaiman fold belt...
During the past 30 years, numerous studies have focused on the toxicities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Laboratory and field studies have helped elucidate the detrimental effects of these chemicals on growth, reproduction and immune response. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are in the priority list of chemicals to be studied by...
Numerical simulation of the January and July global
climate with the OSU two-level atmospheric general circulation
model has generated time series of the global
distribution of selected climatic variables. Analyses of
these data for the kinetic energy and available potential
energy based on 31-day time mean statistics have been
made...
The aim of this study was to assess sensitivity of early life stage zebrafish to cadmium (Cd). Embryos and larva were exposed to Cd before the formation of skeletal elements. Exposure times were selected to determine whether Cd perturbed developmental processes that lead to skeletal deformities, and to characterize the...
A simple atmosphere and ocean model of relevance to El Nino
and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is discussed. Both the
atmosphere and ocean models are two layer, three
dimensional, linear and baroclinic, and generally follow
the Oregon State University coupled general circulation
model. However, the parameterization differs considerably
from previous work...
Frequency synthesizers are critical components of all communication systems. This thesis considers the issue of undesirable frequency spurs of a relatively recent type of frequency synthesis architecture called digital-to-time conversion (DTC). The DTC-based frequency synthesis architecture has important performance benefits over older frequency synthesizers, such as fast frequency switching, large...
This research focused on the use of classical and modern two-dimensional spectral estimation techniques for enhancing inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imagery. 2-D Classical spectral estimation methods and 2-D modern parametric and non-parametric spectral estimation methods are applied to simulated and real data sets in order to achieve both range...
A chemostatic system was developed for the long term studies
of population dynamics of chain forming diatoms. Vessel volume
rather than flow rate was varied in these systems to obtain different
growth rates at steady state in systems with an equal capacity to
produce.
Population level responses to high dilution...
Collegiate student's conceptual distinctions of what define a mathematical and a physical model seems to be affected by the epistemological beliefs they hold about this knowledge. These beliefs seem to influence student's thinking and reasoning as they embark on problem solving activities in collegiate mathematics. Student's epistemological beliefs of mathematical...
Two Oregon reservoirs contaminated by different mercury
sources were compared for mercury distribution in sediment and
bioaccumulation by fish. The average mercury concentration in
the sediment of Cottage Grove reservoir (0.67 ± 0.05 μg/g dry
wt) was higher than for Dorena Reservoir (0.12 ± 0.01 μg/g dry
wt). Sediment mercury...
Female mink (Mustela vison) are highly sensitive to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-induced reproductive impairment. The goal of this research was to develop a better understanding of the mechanism of PCB-induced effects on female mink, mink embryos, and surviving mink kits. Anestrous, juvenile female mink and pregnant, adult mink were exposed to...
The major historical studies that have examined American
biology have emphasized the development of experimental biology at
the end of the nineteenth century. In this characterization, the
descriptive branch of biology has often been treated as less than
important and, in several cases, as a hindrance in the application
of...
Rats exposed to one or two doses of 60 mg mirex/kg
by gavage exhibited hypertrophied livers and various
degrees of hepatobiliary dysfunction. Although single
dosed animals demonstrated elevated whole liver bile flow
after 96 hours, the single dose was insufficient to
significantly inhibit whole liver hepatobiliary
performance as measured by...
A simplified autoradiographic method for estimating species-specific
phytoplankton production rates in mixed natural communities
was evaluated in the laboratory and employed in the field. Laboratory
experiments were designed to test the reliability and variability of
the simplified method. Assays of ¹⁴C uptake by liquid scintillation
spectrometry were used to evaluate...
The Arctic has long been considered to be a pristine environment, far
from population centers and pollution sources. The detection of synthetic
organochlorine compounds in various elements of the Arctic food web has confirmed
the global dispersion of pollutants, particularly of persistent compounds such as
organochlorines and heavy metals. Levels...
The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) has measured the condition and progress of education since 1969 to provide information on performance of American students in core subjects to policymakers, educators, and the public. Yet, there has been a perception that theses federal resources are under utilized. An analysis of...
Persistent organochlorines (OCs) bioaccumulate in aquatic biota and potentially impair reproduction via endocrine disruption. The present research evaluated estrogenic effects of the OCs, chlordecone (CD) and o,p'-DDT/DDE, and the antiestrogenicity of 3,4,5,3',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (345-HCB) in juvenile rainbow trout, utilizing vitellogenesis as a biomarker. Vitellogenesis, estrogen regulated hepatic production of the yolk...
Rainbow trout were exposed to aluminum at pH 7.25 and
8.25 and four hardnesses (10, 30, 80, and 120 ppm CaCO₃)
for 96 hours in a continuous-flow system and mortality and
aluminum accumulation in the gills were determined.
Temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen were measured
daily for each treatment. Dissolved...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of an interactive
aquarium design motivated by the employment of an innovative technology used in
scientific research. The study was informed by research on free-choice learning
describing the effects of interactive devices on visitor learning, engagement, and
attitudes. The researcher...
A cruise of the R/V Yaquina off Oregon during June and July of
1968 provided data for a study of the relationships of hydrographic
and chemical parameters to estimates of biological activity. The
emphasis was on carbon and nitrogen reservoirs. Phytoplankton pigments,
nitrogen and C/N ratio were used along with...
Global increases in ultraviolet-B radiation (UVBR:290-
320 nm) resulting from decreases in stratospheric ozone
concentration have the potential to alter marine primary
production and affect global climate and marine trophic
dynamics. Effects of UVBR on phytoplankton carbon fixation
were determined from open ocean exposure studies conducted
off the coast of...
Recent research shows that flower parts of strawberry (Fragaria X ananassa Duch.) differ in their capacity to support the growth of Botrytis cinerea, the fungus which causes gray mold on fruit. Growth in styles is slow and hyphae rarely enter the carpel (achene), suggesting that this pathway is not the...
Short-term changes in the distribution, surface to 10 meters, of
phytoplankton-associated trace metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Zn, Co, Ni, and
Cu) were studied in the near-shore waters off Humboldt Bay,
California, through the summer of 1971. The depth distribution of
phytoplankton-associated trace metals was related to local hydrography.
During periods...
The type section of the Mascall Formation, which is located in
the John Day Valley, is interpreted to represent a sequence of
paleosols. These fossil soils were formed on a floodplain during the
middle Miocene. The measured thickness of this section is 1340 feet,
and although the top of the...
A unique mass-flow control system for the carrier gas
in gas chromatography is described and evaluated. Carrier
gas flow is controlled by a flow sensor, feedback electronics,
a flow-control valve and a microcomputer. The
flow-rate is monitored by a mass-flow meter by this system
and the flow is adjusted in...
Temperature influences the incidence of chemically induced cancer in fish,
with warmer temperatures being associated with higher cancer incidence. The
mechanisms of temperature-modulated chemical carcinogenesis in fish, however,
have not been described in detail. Therefore, one primary objective of this study
was increased understanding of how temperature-modulated genotoxicity of 7,12-...
Open Source Software (OSS) communities are homogenous and their lack of diversity is of concern to many within this field. This problem is becoming more pronounced as it is the practice of many technology companies to use OSS participation as a factor in the hiring process, disadvantaging those who are...