¹⁸⁶Ir gamma transitions are studied via the reaction
Hf (¹⁴N, xn) Au at ¹⁴N beam energy 130 MeV. The beta decay
chain of Au is Au + Pt + Ir + Os. Singles and coincidence
data are from measurements by Ge gamma-ray detectors.
Conversion electrons are measured by Si(Li) detector....
Aperiodic structures cause significant challenges to subtractive manufacturing methods due to the common features such as inaccessible voids within the structure. Additive man- ufacturing presents an appealing alternative for this purpose. The aim of this research is to test analysis heuristics for validity through application to periodic structures. First, a...
Transmit beamforming is an important technique employed to improve efficiency and signal quality in wireless communication systems by steering signals towards their in- tended users. It often arises jointly with the antenna selection problem due to various reasons, such as limited number of radio frequency (RF) chains and energy/resource effi-...
Crowdsourcing is a popular paradigm to address the high demands for labeled data in big data deluge. It aims to produce accurate labels by effectively integrating noisy, non-expert labeling from crowdsourced workers (annotators). The machine learning community has been studying effective crowdsourcing methods for many years, and many models and...
Efficient time-series analysis can impact multiple application domains such as motif discovery in gene analysis or music data, extracting spectro-temporal patterns in acoustic scene analysis, or annotating and classifying electrical bio-signals (such as ECG, EEG, and EMG) for medical applications.
Time-series analysis involves a variety of tasks.
To predict future...
A new general method is developed for the optimization of
HPLC ternary or pseudo-quaternary mobile phases which are
represented by the trilinear coordinate system. This method can
predict the global optimum of the mobile phase composition. The
global optimum composition along each edge of the triangle and
the corresponding selectivity...
In this thesis, we introduce a novel Explanation Neural Network (XNN) to explain the predictions made by a deep network. The XNN works by embedding a high-dimensional activation vector of a deep network layer non-linearly into a low-dimensional explanation space while retaining faithfulness i.e., the original deep learning predictions can...
Bisphenol A (BPA), a high-volume chemical used to make polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins, is a ubiquitous contaminant in environment and human body. To investigate the reproductive effects of long-term exposure to low concentrations of BPA, a two-generation study was conducted using the aquatic model species of zebrafish. Our findings...
Motivation: Many robots such as legged robots and prosthetic hands/arms are designed to interact with uncertain and time-varying environments to accomplish their tasks.
Observations on humans and animals during their daily tasks suggest that they adapt their leg compliance while traversing with different velocities on different grounds and adjust their...
An enantioselective 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of 2-cyclo-hexene-1-one and azomethine ylide generated in situ from isatin and amino ester was developed by employing proline sulfonamide as the catalyst. Consequently, novel polycyclic spirooxindole scaffolds with three contiguous stereocenters were prepared in high yield (up to 95%) with excellent diastereo- (> 20:1 dr) and...
Zoxamide is the sole β-tubulin inhibitor registered for the control of oomycete pathogens. The current study investigated the activity of zoxamide against Phytophthora sojae and baseline sensitivity was established with a mean EC₅₀ of 0.048 μg/ml. The data is critical for monitoring changes in zoxamide-sensitivity in the field. Three stable...
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Resistance to Zoxamide
Meng Cai1,2†, Jianqiang Miao1†, Xi Song1, Dong Lin1, Yang Bi3, Lei Chen4, Xili Liu1
The internalization of some oomycete and fungal pathogen effectors into host plant cells has been reported to be blocked by proteins that bind to the effectors' cell entry receptor, phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P). This finding suggested a novel strategy for disease control by engineering plants to secrete PI3P-binding proteins. In this study,...
Only two genome-wide significant loci associated with longevity have been identified so far, probably because of insufficient sample sizes of centenarians, whose genomes may harbor genetic variants associated with health and longevity. Here we report a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of Han Chinese with a sample size 2.7 times the...
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, Han-Ming Wang
8
, Jie Dong
8
, Gu-Yan Zheng
8
, Li Lin
5
, Feng Qian
5
, Yanwei
Qi
3,9
, Xiao
Only two genome-wide significant loci associated with longevity have been identified so far, probably because of insufficient sample sizes of centenarians, whose genomes may harbor genetic variants associated with health and longevity. Here we report a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of Han Chinese with a sample size 2.7 times the...
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Chi8, Han-Ming Wang8, Jie Dong8, Gu-Yan Zheng8, Li Lin5, Feng Qian5, Yanwei Qi3,9,
Xiao Liu3, Hongzhi
Only two genome-wide significant loci associated with longevity have been identified so far, probably because of insufficient sample sizes of centenarians, whose genomes may harbor genetic variants associated with health and longevity. Here we report a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of Han Chinese with a sample size 2.7 times the...
The Asian vinegar fly Drosophila suzukii (spotted wing Drosophila [SWD]) has emerged as a major invasive insect pest of small and stone fruits in both the Americas and Europe since the late 2000s. While research efforts have rapidly progressed in Asia, North America, and Europe over the past 5 years,...
Oomycetes form a deep lineage of eukaryotic organisms that includes a large number of plant pathogens which threaten natural and managed ecosystems. We undertook a survey to query the community for their ranking of plant-pathogenic oomycete species based on scientific and economic importance. In total, we received 263 votes from...
The WWC family consists of three proteins‐ KIBRA/WWC1, WWC2, and WWC3. The three proteins share a similar primary structure and interact with a common set of proteins. Each paralog contains two WW domains which recognize proline‐rich sequences of the type PPxY (P is proline, Y is tyrosine, x is any...
Investigating the structure-property relationships of solid state materials can help improve many of the materials we use each day in life. It can also lead to the discovery of materials with interesting and unforeseen properties. In this work the structure property relationships of newly discovered layered oxypnictide phases are presented...
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been used to improve both the positive and negative bias-stress stability of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) bottom gate thin film transistors (TFTs). N-hexylphosphonic acid (HPA) and fluorinated hexylphosphonic acid (FPA) SAMs adsorbed on IGZO back channel surfaces were shown to significantly reduce bias-stress turn-on...
Despite the considerable advances of deposition technologies, it remains a significant challenge to form conformal deposition on surface of nanoporous carbons. Here, we introduce a new ambient hydrolysis deposition method that employs and controls pre-adsorbed water vapor on nanoporous carbons to define the deposition of TiO₂. We converted the deposited...
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, 1,
9462-9468.
3 Z. Sun, L. Wang, P. Liu, S. Wang, B. Sun, D. Jiang, F.-S. Xiao, Adv.
Mater
This study uses an anthropological perspective
to discuss the cultural differences between Chinese
and Americans in business contexts. Through an
analysis of case studies related by businesspersons
involved in Sino-US trade, and by an analysis of
literature on the subject, it describes how cultural
differences contribute to the problems and...
Heatmap regression has became one of the mainstream approaches to localize facial landmarks. As Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) are becoming popular in solving computer vision tasks, extensive research has been done on these architectures. However, the loss function for heatmap regression is rarely studied. In...
It is difficult to relate intrinsic nanomaterial properties to their functional behavior in the environment. Unlike frameworks for dissolved organic chemicals, there are few frameworks comparing multiple and inter-related properties of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) to their fate, exposure, and hazard in environmental systems. We developed and evaluated reproducibility and inter-correlation...
Na-ion batteries are emerging as one of the most promising energy storage technologies, particularly for grid-level applications. Among anode candidate materials, hard carbon is very attractive due to its high capacity and low cost. However, hard carbon anodes often suffer a low first-cycle Coulombic efficiency and fast capacity fading. In...
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Sodium-Ion Batteries. Chem. Eur. J. 2014, 20, 11980-11992.
11. Cao, Y.; Xiao, L.; Wang, W.; Choi, D
Biodegradable poly(ethyleneglycol)-poly(valerolactone)-poly(ethyleneglycol) [PEG-PVL-PEG] copolymers were synthesized through ring opening polymerization of δ-valerolactone (VL) followed by the coupling of monomethoxy poly(ethyleneglycol-poly(valerolactone) (mPEG-PVL) with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). The copolymers were characterized by ¹H NMR, FT-IR, and GPC. Block copolymers of PEG and PVL with different VL/PEG molar ratios were successfully synthesized. One...
Magnetic materials can be used in modern soft robotics as a method for external stimulus actuation and motion control. By combining aspects of biology and mechanics, devices are fabricated to create a structure capable of complex movement. Applications that these devices are subject to can be broken down into four...
We, for the first time, demonstrate that orthorhombic V₂O₅ can exhibit superior electrochemical performance in sodium ion batteries when uniformly coated inside nanoporous carbon. The encapsulated V₂O₅ shows a specific capacity as high as 276 mAh/g, while the whole nanocomposite exhibits a capacity of 170 mAh/g. The V₂O₅/C composite was...
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.; Luo, Y.; Zhao, S.; Zhao, Y. Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 4750-
4755.
[19] Mai, L.; Dong, F.; Xu, X.; Luo, Y
This report details preliminary studies towards the development of a microfluidic
sensor that exploits ferromagnetic resonance, excited in magnetic bead labels, for signal
transduction. The device consists of a microwave circuit in which a slotline and a coplanar
waveguide are integrated with a biochemically activated sensor area. The magnetic beads...
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.
Microelectromech. Syst. 15 (2006)1466–1476.
4. H. Dong, C. Li, Y. Zhang, X. Cao , Y. Gan ,Screen-printed
Artificial lipid bilayer technologies are effective models for studying cell membrane properties. Droplet bilayers rely on microfluidics and provide advantages over other bilayer methods due to their compatibility with automated development systems that increase yield while minimizing cost. This paper describes the implementation of bilayer technologies using membrane protein channels...
Parmelina quercina is a well-studied foliose macro-lichen found on rocks and trees in the Northern Hemisphere. Recent studies support multiple species within P. quercina based on material from Europe, North America and western Asia. The identities of Parmelina quercina s.lat. reported from eastern Asia and Alaska remain unknown. We compared...
Pesticides benefit agriculture by increasing crop yield, quality, and security. However, pesticides may inadvertently harm bees, which are valuable as pollinators. Thus, candidate pesticides in development pipelines must be assessed for toxicity to bees.
Leveraging a data set of 382 molecules with toxicity labels from honey bee exposure experiments, we...
The integration of low-pressure membrane filtration and aerobic granular sludge (AGS) reactor leads to a novel environmental biotechnological process with strong potential to overcome membrane fouling and demonstrate excellent wastewater treatment performance. However, membrane fouling mechanisms in the AGS based membrane bioreactor (MBR) are lack of systematic elaboration. In the...
Cobalt germanides have been widely studied as semiconductor contact materials, but recent theoretical studies suggest that they may also be excellent catalysts for methane steam reforming with stabilities and activities comparable to noble metal catalysts. In order to study the catalytic activity of cobalt germanides, it is critical to first...
Atomically-thin graphene sheets have unprecedented characteristics for biosensing applications. These characteristics include mechanical flexibility and strength, optical transparency, electrical sensitivity and biocompatibility. The primary theme of this dissertation is the characterization and application of graphene field-effect transistors (FETs) in biologically-relevant physiological environments.Understanding the interface that forms between an electrolyte and...
Grid-scale energy storage systems are urgently needed to increase the flexibility and rigidity of the grid for modern society and take full advantage of the renewable green energy resources such as solar energy and wind energy. Na-ion batteries (NIBs) and K-ion batteries (KIBs) have been emerged as one of the...
There has been a tremendous growth in interest in carbon nanodots (C-dots) in the past several years. As a nascent nanomaterial, C-dots have shown great promise in applications that benefit from their superior water dispersibility, low toxicity, non-blinking fluorescent output, chemical and biological compatibility, ease of functionalization and resistance to...
In recent years, Oblivious Random Access Memory (ORAM) controllers in Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) have become a popular area of investigation, as coresident trusted systems allow for significantly more efficient oblivious execution. Further, in the case of Intel architectures, oblivious execution effectively eliminates the majority of confidentiality leakage holes in...
Reusing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) presents an opportunity to reduce environmental burdens and encourage sustainable development. However, a concern exists about blending RAP binder and virgin asphalt binder. While RAP mixtures assume complete blending between these binders, the actual extent of this blending remains uncertain. Lower blending percentages can reduce...
Dispersing hydrophilic nanofillers in highly hydrophobic polymer matrices is widely used to tune the mechanical properties of composite material systems. The ability to control the dispersion of fillers is closely related to the mechanical tunability of such composites. In this work, we investigate the physical–chemical underpinnings of how simple end-group...
Controversial end member models for the growth and evolution of the Tibetan Plateau demand quantitative constraints of the lithospheric rheology. Direct determinations of bulk crustal rheology, however, remain relatively sparse. Here we use the flexural rebound of lacustrine shorelines developed during the Lingtong highstand around Siling Co, in central Tibet,...
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, C., Zhao, C., Xiao, P., Liu, M., 2010. Crustal deformation of the eastern Tibetan 380
plateau
Although geodetic measurements of interseismic deformation in interior Tibet suggest slow
strain accumulation, active slip along the right-lateral Gyaring Co Fault is suggested to be between 8
and 21 mm/yr. Reliable geologic constraints on the slip rate along this fault are sparse. Here we document
12 ± 2 m of...
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. Xuanhua, W. Xiao-Feng, J. R. Arrowsmith, and J. Southon (2009), Low Quaternary slip rate reconciles
China's Minqin Oasis once welcomed traders along the ancient Silk Road with rivers, lakes, and lush forests, yet today the region's farmland and grassland are increasingly being engulfed by the sands of the Gobi Desert. The severity of this incremental catastrophe for a declining population of 300,000 residents has brought...
The solid solutions of chlorapatite compounds Ba₅Mn₃−[subscript]xV[subscript]xO₁₂Cl (x = 0–3.0) and Ba₅Mn₃−[subscript]xP[subscript]xO₁₂Cl (x = 0–3.0) have been synthesized through solid state reactions and Pechini or sol–gel method using citric acid. The colors of the samples change from white (x = 3.0) through turquoise (x = 1.5) to dark green (x...
Calf diarrhea (scours) is a primary cause of illness and death in young calves. Significant economic losses associated with this disease include morbidity, mortality, and direct cost of treatment. Multiple pathogens are responsible for infectious diarrhea, including, but not limited to, Bovine coronavirus (BCV), bovine Rotavirus A (BRV), and Cryptosporidium...
A novel table-top, microreactor-assisted nanomaterial deposition (MAND™) process, which combines the merits of microreaction technology with solution-phase nanomaterial synthesis and film deposition, was used to grow a nanostructured ZnO anti-reflective coating on a textured silicon substrate from aqueous solution. The subwavelength, anti-reflective nanostructures mimicked the structure and performance of the...
Sporadic canine colorectal cancers (CRCs) should make excellent models for studying the corresponding human cancers. To molecularly characterize canine CRC, we investigated exonic sequence mutations of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), the best known tumor suppressor gene of human CRC, in 23 sporadic canine colorectal tumors, including 8 adenomas and 15...
A six degree of freedom (6DOF) point-absorber wave energy converter (WEC) called LUPA is being developed at Oregon State University. This research focused on analyzing a full- scale LUPA, called LUPA20, to answer the following questions: 1) How does a full-scale WEC perform due to various factors; 2) What are...
Most database users do not know formal query languages, such as SQL, and prefer to express their information needs using usable query languages, such as keyword queries. Keyword queries, however, are inherently ambiguous and challenging for the database systems to understand and answer effectively. We propose a novel approach to...
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have the potential to de-repress epigenetically silenced genes in cancer cells, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Dietary HDAC inhibitors derived from natural phytochemicals are promising anticancer agents. In this thesis, metabolites from natural organosulfur and organoselenium compounds, i.e. allyl mercaptan (AM), β-methylselenopyruvate (MSP) and...
In the 21st century, environmental deterioration is now an indisputable fact. Reliable and economically viable electricity systems based on renewable sources are urgently needed to replace the environmentally detrimental fossil fuels. The feasibility of incorporating renewable-but-intermittent solar and wind energy heavily depends on the development of cost-effective and safe technologies,...
In 2003, due to the dramatic growth of economy, China’s National Development and Reform Commission proposed to build 13 dams on the Nu River to fulfill the nation’s rapidly growing demand for hydropower. The 13 dams that comprise the Nu River Project (NRP) are considered among the biggest hydropower development...
Despite climate change requiring the cutback of fossil fuel consumption, the world continues to increase its energy demands each year. To meet the ambitious goals outlined during the Paris Agreement in 2015, which set a goal to limit global warming to 1.5°C [1], changes in energy production methods are necessary....
Gender relations as well as the social situation of Manchu women have long been ignored in studies of the cultural evolution of the Manchu. By setting the discussion of Manchu women in the context of cultural adaptation, this study reintroduces gender and women's problems into the research on the Manchu...
A fundamental debate exists regarding the geometry and depth extent of seismogenic faults in eastern Tibet. Along the Longmen Shan, geologic and seismic reflection data reveal a belt of low to moderate angle thrust faults, some of which may have been activated in devastating earthquakes in 2008 (Mw ~7.9, Wenchuan)...
The aqueous chemistries of two transition metal cations, Zr⁴⁺ and Nb⁵⁺, are examined and then used to develop inorganic precursor solutions. The oxides of these cations (ZrO₂ and Nb₂O₅) are deposited and characterized, and their morphological and optical properties discussed. Due to the obstacles created by niobium's aqueous chemistry, an...
In the field of civil infrastructure, bridge desks are typically constructed using high performance concrete (HPC). Concrete bridge decks demand qualities such as low permeability, high abrasion resistance, superior durability, and long design life. Over decades of field and laboratory experience, many HPC bridge decks have been found to be...
Back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, entailing a significant socioeconomic impact. A primary source of back pain can be attributed to intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration allowing nerve ingrowth, facet joint arthritis, disc bulging, and osteophyte formations that press on nearby nerve roots or the spinal cord. While...
My work has focused on using density functional theory to elucidate mechanisms of organocatalytic and transition metal catalyzed reactions by considering competing mechanisms. In each of the three presented studies computational investigation complemented experimental work by predicting stereoselectivity or revealing origins of stereo, regio, or chemoselectivity.
A study on the...
Light trapping plays a phenomenal role in enhancing light confinement and light absorption within the solar cells, thus increasing the optical efficiency of the cell. Different strategies are employed for trapping light photons within the cell. Methods used include a substrate or single layer texturing, light trapping coating, plasmonic gratings,...
This is the 4th edition of a book that was initiated with the annotation of the function of all the genes in the most commonly studied baculovirus, AcMNPV. It has been almost six years since I reviewed this literature. As a measure of the research that has occurred over this...
In recent years, many studies have focused on the molecular and biochemical mechanisms regulating the development of wine grapes. The course of grape berry development is directed by genetic design and is mediated by phytohormones, which regulate grape berry growth and development by orchestrating a complex network of interacting genes,...
Since their discovery in the 1990s, the great potential of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has made them a focus of many research endeavors, including their application as components of biosensors. The inherent chemical "inertness" of CNTs makes their application to biosensing a challenge. It is necessary to "decorate" their surfaces to...
Hop (Humulus lupulus L. var. lupulus) is a diploid, dioecious plant with an extensive history of cultivation and use in brewing, as a textile, and for its therapeutic properties. Hop is prized for its ability to produce a variety of aromatic and flavor compounds, as well as compounds with anti-microbial...
Simultaneous speech translation (SimulST) is widely useful in many cross-lingual communication scenarios, including multinational conferences and international traveling. Since text-based simultaneous machine translation (SimulMT) has achieved great success in recent years. The conventional cascaded approach for SimulST uses a pipeline of streaming ASR followed by simultaneous MT but suffers from...
Investigations on the application of self-assembled monolayers (SAM) to indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) thin film transistors (TFT) for fabrication and channel modification are presented. The back channel of IGZO thin film transistors can be modified by the absorption of self-assembled monolayers. The electrical properties of the IGZO exposed back...
Rare plant reintroductions that result in additional or more viable wild populations are important conservation tools for maintaining biodiverse ecosystems. Ideally, such projects are best designed as experiments, to improve biological and ecological knowledge of the selected species and monitoring long-term results. Northern wormwood (Artemisia campestris var. wormskioldii: Asteraceae), a...
Metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) are discrete molecules comprised of a metal and interconnecting ligands. The resulting MOP structures are porous cages, and to date, they have shown great promise toward gas capture. Ammonia is a hazardous gas that is produced in enormous quantities for use in fertilizers. In this talk, I...
Silicon photonics has rapidly become one of the most promising photonic integration platforms. Especially, microring resonator (MRR) plays a pivotal role in silicon photonics and has been widely used for electro-optic (E-O) modulators and wavelength filters due to its small footprint, low energy consumption, and high quality factor (Q-factor). Recently,...
This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by the American Chemical Society and can be found at: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03128
Background:
Mapping and map-based cloning of genes that control agriculturally and economically important traits remain great challenges for plants with complex highly repetitive genomes such as those within the grass tribe, Triticeae. Mapping limitations in the Triticeae are primarily due to low frequencies of polymorphic gene markers and poor genetic...
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specific marker resource for diploid and
hexaploid wheat
Wang, Y., Drader, T., Tiwari, V. K., Dong, L
Developmental bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is associated with adverse behavioral
effects, although underlying modes of action remain unclear. Because BPA is a
suspected xenoestrogen, the objective was to identify sex-based changes in adult
zebrafish social behavior developmentally exposed to BPA (0.0, 0.1 or 1 μM) or one of
two control...
As organisms age they lose the ability to respond to both exogenous and endogenous stresses, therefore placing them at a greater risk for the development of many diseases. The transcription factor Nrf2 is responsible for the induction of many oxidative stress response genes and therefore 3proteins. Additionally, Nrf2-mediated stress response...
Learning to recognize objects is a fundamental and essential step in human perception and understanding of the world. Accordingly, research of object discovery across diverse modalities plays a pivotal role in the context of computer vision. This field not only contributes significantly to enhancing our understanding of visual information but...
Oxides are a versatile class of materials with a wide range of electronic, optical, and magnetic properties. This makes them ideal for use in a multitude of functional devices for oxide electronics, electrochemical conversion, and storage. The overall performance of these devices is governed by atomic scale charge and mass...
Porous carbon is indispensable in modern technology applications. It is used for energy storage, gas separation, water purification, catalyst support, and chromatography. The diversity of its applications stems from its unique properties, including high specific surface area, tunable pore volume, and chemical stability. Specifically, the large surface area provides high...
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease of multi-complications
affecting more than 20 million US adults. Hyperglycemia is the classic clinical feature of diabetes, and uncontrolled hyperglycemia leads to deadly health complications. Thus, control of blood glucose represents a major goal for diabetics. Human and rodent studies revealed another...
Novel synthetic strategies are developed to prepare new intercalation compounds and nanocomposites with several layered hosts (NiPS₃, Na-montmorillonite, MoS₂ and MoO₃). In these products, alkali metals are ionic intercalates and linear polymers, dendrimers or amines act as co-intercalates. In addition to new synthetic approaches, new structures are identified and characterized....
We develop an approach for estimating net ecosystem exchange (NEE) using inventory-based information over North America (NA) for a recent 7-year period (ca. 2000–2006). The approach notably retains information on the spatial distribution of NEE, or the vertical exchange between land and atmosphere of all non-fossil fuel sources and sinks...
Assembly planning is a crucial task for every manufacturing product. In general, assembly operations consume more than 30% of the total manufacturing time and cost. Therefore, any effort in optimizing assembly will have a significant impact on the economic success of manufacturing. Finding an optimal assembly plan by hand is...
This thesis examines the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on farms in the Willamette Valley. Using semi-structured interviews, this study analyzes the economic and social challenges created by the pandemic and the adaptation strategies farmers employed to build resilience within the food system. This study found that the farmers experienced...
The continuous development of higher performing battery materials has emerged in parallel with the development of new manufacturing processes. Nanomaterials are one solution to addressing the cycling and performance challenges that limit existing battery cells. However, many of the methods used today for nanomaterial synthesis are high temperature batch methods...
Nanoparticles are a hugely diverse category of material that have a wide variety of biomedical applications, and developing tools for biological research with high cellular uptake is critical to their effective application. However, rarely is attention paid to the exact mechanism by which this is occurring, with most studies focusing...
In this paper, a Direction of Arrival (DOA) based system is proposed. This method searches the direction relative to the array to find where the signal source is located. The proposed system can achieve sub-meter level accuracy with a near real-time update rate. Also, we introduced several refinement methods including...
Phytophthora sojae is an oomycete pathogen of soybean. As a result of its economic importance, P. sojae has become a model for the study of oomycete genetics, physiology and pathology. The lack of efficient techniques for targeted mutagenesis and gene replacement have long hampered genetic studies of pathogenicity in Phytophthora species....
Elevated hepatic expression of fatty acid elongase-5 (Elovl5) induces
FoxO1 phosphorylation, lowers FoxO1 nuclear content and suppresses expression of
genes involved in gluconeogenesis. In this report we define the molecular and metabolic
basis of Elovl5 control of FoxO1 phosphorylation. Adenoviral-mediated (Ad-Elovl5)
induction of hepatic Elovl5 in diet induced obese-glucose intolerant...
The grand plan of carbon neutralization and COP26 in Glasgow require a quick shift of energy sources from conventional fossil fuel to a more renewable substitute such as wind, or solar energy. However, the intermittency of those renewable energy sources does not meet the demand of the energy, which requires...
In this dissertation, we propose Ideal Thumbnail-Preserving Encryption (Ideal TPE), as a special case of format-preserving encryption, to balance image privacy and usability concerns in a cloud environment. We first introduce a concrete construction for Ideal TPE, that provably leaks nothing about the plaintext (unencrypted) image beyond its thumbnail. We...
The performance of deep learning frameworks could be significantly improved through considering the particular underlying structures for each dataset. In this thesis, I summarize our three work about boosting the performance of deep learning models through leveraging structures of the data. In the first work, we theoretically justify that, for...
By means of a case study and historical analysis, this dissertation examines the past and present of avian influenza. By integrating disconnected histories of human and animal influenza, this dissertation links historical insights with the concerns of contemporary avian flu science. It is not only a natural history of avian...
Chromosome segregation relies on coordinated activity of a large assembly of proteins, the kinetochore interaction network (KIN). How conserved the underlying mechanisms driving the epigenetic phenomenon of centromere and kinetochore assembly and maintenance are remains unclear, even though various eukaryotic models have been studied. More than 50 different proteins, many...
The demand for the development of sustainable energy is an all time high as we burn through limited fossil fuel reserves and as environmental concerns rise every year. Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power have limitations due to inconsistent power supply that cannot meet the regular needs...
This dissertation seeks to understand Yi farmers’ livelihoods in the midst of an agricultural transition in Yunnan, Southwest China. This dissertation examines a community’s traditional knowledge related to wild edible plants (WEPs), analyzes socio-ecological vulnerability and resilience in the face of agricultural transition from subsistence farming to cash cropping, and...
In this dissertation, I present experimental observations of multiply charged atomic ions (MCAI) generated from interactions of atomic/molecular clusters with moderately intense nanosecond laser pulses. This process is also known as Coulomb explosion (CE) and it has been extensively studied in intense laser fields using ultrashort pulses. Several prevailing theories...
Numerous studies have shown that some nanomaterials are highly toxic to aquatic organisms and can potentially disrupt overall community health; however, current methods to evaluate the nanomaterials environmental impacts rarely consider the environmental realism or provide sufficient detail on the impact at the community level. Here we demonstrate three approaches...
Messenger RNA (mRNA) therapy has massive potential to treat various genetic disorders by providing effective proteins to the diseased cells and tissues. Its therapeutic applications include protein replacement, genome editing, and immunotherapy. For successful mRNA treatment, mRNA must be delivered to the cytosol of target cells. One of the leading...
Cementitious materials are often characterized through the use of advanced analytical techniques to understand the macro-, micro-, and nano-scale properties, including phase formation during hydration, and subsequent potential deterioration mechanisms which can affect service life. A major limitation with using such analytical techniques to quantify solid phases in cementitious systems...
The aim of this work was to assess the viability of duplex stainless steel 2205 components built via selective laser melting for seawater applications. First, a comprehensive additive manufacturing assessment was done. The duplex stainless steel 2205 components were selectively laser melted from gas atomized powder (D90 <45m) using a...