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A stable nanoporous silicon anode prepared by modified magnesiothermic reactions

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/jm214q59v

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  • Porous silicon prepared by low-cost and scalable magnesiothermic reactions is a promising anode material for Li-ion batteries; yet, retaining good cycling stability for such materials in electrodes of practical loading remains a challenge. Here, we engineered the nanoporous silicon from a modified magnesiothermic reaction by controlled surface oxidization forming a <5 nm oxide layer on the 10–20 nm Si nanocrystallites. High loading electrodes of ~3 mAh/cm² demonstrates stable cycling with ~80% capacity retention over 150 cycles. The specific discharge capacity based on the total electrode weight is ~1000 mAh/g at the lithiation/delithiation current density of 0.5/0.75 mA/cm². This work reveals the importance of the surface treatment on nanostructured Si, which will lead to a well-controlled ratio of silicon and surface oxide layer and provide guidance on further improvement on silicon-based anode materials.
  • This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/nano-energy/
  • Keywords: Silicon anode, Lithium ion batteries, Magnesiothermic reaction, Porous silicon
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  • Li, X., Yan, P., Arey, B. W., Luo, W., Ji, X., Wang, C., ... & Zhang, J. G. (2016). A stable nanoporous silicon anode prepared by modified magnesiothermic reactions. Nano Energy, 20, 68-75. doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2015.12.011
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  • 20
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  • This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231, Subcontract no. 18769 under the under the Advanced Battery Materials Research (BMR) program. A portion of the research was performed in the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and located at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
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