Batch cultures of Skeletonema costatum were grown under continual
light saturation, with nitrogen nutrients in limiting concentrations.
Population parameters measured included ¹⁴C uptake,
chlorophyll a, particulate carbon and nitrogen, and ammonia, nitrate,
and nitrite, concentrations.
A method was developed for measuring cellular nutrient reservoirs
in laboratory cultures of marine phytoplankton....
In this study methods were developed for the prediction of wave
conditions that are hazardous to navigation at river entrances, with
emphasis on applicability to the Columbia River. There are two basic
components to the prediction system: (1) a semi-automated spectral
method for forecasting the significant height and average period...
In January-February 1971 five replicate 0.07 m² Van Veen grabs
were obtained from each of 12 stations in Arthur Harbor and nine Van
Veen grabs were obtained from two stations in nearby Bismark Strait.
The 69 grab samples yielded 78,395 individuals which were separated
into 282 taxa, including 108 species...
Two separate studies on the distribution of gammarid amphipods in the bathyal and abyssal benthic environments demonstrated that different assemblages could be found at a single depth over distances on the order of 100 kilometers. These studies evaluated changes in the species composition and relative abundance of the amphipod assemblage...
Twelve earthquakes off the Oregon and Northern California
coasts were used in this research to study whether faulting associated
with these quakes was of the San Andreas type as observed in
California. The first motions of the incident P and S waves recorded
at various seismic stations in the Pacific...
Starved cells of Ant-300, a psychrophilic marine Vibrio, maintained
binding and transport systems for glutamic acid, arginine, proline, and
leucine. The uptake of these amino acids was inhibited by the uncoupler
2,4-dinitrophenol indicating that an energized membrane was necessary
for binding and was maintined in starved cells. The levels of...
Examination of polished sections of manganese micronodules
from metalliferous sediments from the Bauer Deep reveals sequences
of ferromanganese deposition which are consistent for micronodules
from a single sediment sample and imply a common depositional
history for members of such assemblages. The relatively simple
'stratigraphy' of manganese micronodules, as compared to...
The study extends from the mouth of the Columbia River to River Mile 46. It has four elements: an overview of transportation infrastructure, dredging requirements and other constraints and opportunities; identification of potential development sites; description of estuarine impacts; and a review of policy and mitigation strategies. The study in...
Solar radiation intensities, incident to the sea surface off the Oregon
coast, are measured and compared. Simplification of some physical
and biological problems can be anticipated if the average radiation
received over a broad segment of ocean can be accurately indicated
by the amount recorded at the land station.
The...
The oceanic phenomenon of upwelling along the Oregon coast is
examined. Upwelling in both the open ocean and coastal regions is
discussed. An idealized model is used, envisaging the ocean off
Oregon to consist of homogeneous surface and deep layers separated
by a pycnocline. The equations of motion are solved...
Transition metal and rare earth element (REE) data are presented
for various sedimentary materials from two Manganese Nodule
Program (MANOP) sites in the eastern tropical Pacific. These data
constrain the sources of elemental supply to the seafloor and the
processes that control ferromanganese nodule genesis. Investigation
of elemental partitioning between...
Polychaete annelids from 48 benthic samples containing over
2000 specimens were identified. Samples were taken with either an
anchor dredge or an anchor-box dredge from a 15 station transect
(44° 39. 1'N) that ranges from 800 to 2900 meters in depth. Sediment
subsamples were collected and analyzed for organic carbon...
Using the hydrographic data collected by the ACONA from June
1961 to May 1963, the Oregon coastal front has been examined. Representative
sigma-t surfaces were chosen to delineate the front, and
changes in position of these surfaces with time were used to obtain
zonal flow rates for the frontal and...
A systematic study of highly branched isoprenoids (HBI) was carried out in
suspended particulate material (SPM) and Washington coastal sediments to determine
their origin and fate. SPM collected at 10 m depth was filtered through Nitex
membranes. C₂₅ HBI were found only in the 1.2-40 μm range over the shelf....
Juvenile coho salmon (101-400 mm) were sampled by
purse seine off the Pacific Coast from Waatch Point,
Washington to Four Mile Creek, Oregon, out to 30 mi
offshore, during the months of May, June, and September in
1982 and 1983. Sea surface temperature, surface salinity,
surface chlorophyll-a concentration, and Secchi...
A phytoplankton bloom dominated by the pennate diatom Nitzschia
curta (Van Heurck) Hasle was observed during January-February 1983 at
a receding ice-edge in the Western Ross Sea, Antarctica. The core of
the bloom was found between 100-150 Km from the ice-edge. Nitzschia
curta cell densities up to 22 x 10⁶...
Landsliding is a significant contributor to continuous erosion
of the 150-mile northern Oregon coast. Direct loss of land to the sea
by landslides occurs along 47 percent of the coast. The remaining 53
percent has minor shifting of sand along depositional areas such as
spits and dunes. These minor movements...
Current observations were obtained at three locations forming
a cross section along 70°34'W longitude in Long Island Sound. Fifteen
days of data were selected from each series so that nearly
simultaneous observations were used in the analysis.
Elementary statistics were computed for the data prior to
performing a least squares...
The specific activity of ⁶⁵Zn (nanocuries ⁶⁵Zn/g total Zn)
was determined in various organs of the common coastal mussel,
Mytilus californianus Conrad, collected from six locations along
the Pacific Coast. These organs included the gills, mantle, foot,
reproductive organs, adductor muscle, and viscera. After ashing
and dissolving with nitric acid...
A structure map was constructed of the continental shelf between
Cape Blanco and Coos Bay, Oregon, exclusively from an interpretation
of approximately 700 km of continuous seismic profiles.
At least ten discernible seismic units were mapped on the bases of
acoustic appearance, lateral continuity, angular unconformities, and
faults. The offshore...
Phosphate, silicate and nitrate concentrations in the sea off
the coast of Oregon were determined to study their seasonal distribution
patterns. The water samples were collected monthly along the
east-west hydrographic line off Newport, Oregon, from the shore to
165 miles (310 km) offshore. The samples were analyzed by both...
The sea as a dynamic conducting medium interacts continually
with the earth' s magnetic field. The physical principles underlying
this interaction are reviewed. These results are applied to the
particular problem of towed electrodes at the sea surface. Data
using this method are then shown to be sensitive to stability...
Plankton samples for this present study were collected from an
area off the southern Oregon coast, extending westward to about 83
kilometers offshore. Over this sampling area, 41 species of adult
copepods were identified, including representatives of 26 genera and
17 families. The total abundance averaged 550/m³.
Population densities of...
Five lithologic units, ranging in age from Middle Miocene to Recent,
are defined on the basis of continuous seismic reflection profile records.
Two of the units are Miocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks that have been
truncated to form a major unconformity (post-orogenic surface) related to
the most recent major tectonism...
Data from the Surveyor 1968 Spring cruise were used to study
the vertical distribution of salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen,
apparent oxygen utilization, pH, alkalinity, specific alkalinity and
percent saturation of calcite in two sections, one along 162°W from
35°N to 45°N and the other along 180°W from 35°N to 50°N....
Nitrate reductase is known to be the enzyme regulating the
reduction of nitrate to nitrite in plants. This reduction is the first
and rate-limiting step in the transformation of inorganic nitrate to
a cellular nitrogen form. Since this reduction process is essential
to phytoplankton growth when nitrate is the only...
Major (Fe, Mn, Al) and minor (Cr, Mo, Pb, Zn, Cd) element
analyses of metalliferous sediments in cores from the East Pacific
Rise and Bauer Deep indicate that the Bauer Deep sediments are
similar in chemistry and origin to metalliferous sediments of the
East Pacific Rises.
Fe, Pb, and Zn...
The continental margin off southern Oregon, which includes the
shelf and slope from Cape Blanco to the Oregon-California border,
exhibits a distinctive marginal-plateau structural pattern which divides
the margin into the continental shelf, the upper continental slope and
its associated benches, and the lower continental slope. Lutum transport
and deposition...
The Columbia River plume region was investigated during the
period of 20 June to 3 July, 1968 by light scattering measurements
and standard hydrographic station observations. The Columbia
River plume was traced by the light scattering particles of the plume
water. The light scattering particles are estimated to be contained...
A multidisciplinary western Beaufort Sea Ecological Cruise
(WEBSEC) was conducted from August 15 to September 20, 1971.
During the cruise, one hundred ninety-nine 0.1 m² Smith-McIntyre
grabs samples were taken at forty stations located on the continental
shelf and slope of the western Beaufort Sea. The Gammaridean
Amphipoda and Cumacea...
The reproductive biology of Kidderia (Kidderia) subquadratum
(Pelseneer, 1903) was studied from collections which were made at
Palmer Station, Antarctica during 1970 and 1971. Kidderia subquadratum
is a small lamellibranch (the largest observed was 6.8
mm long) found on rocky substrates in the intertidal and subtidal
zones of the Antarctic...
The distribution of particles in the Eastern Pacific Ocean was
investigated from 2 January to 14 February, l969, on the YALOC-69
cruise of Oregon State University. The size distributions were well
fitted by the two-parameter Weibull distribution function, with a
predominant number of them nearly exponential in distributional
shape. Although...
Heavy minerals can contain potentially economic amounts of
metals as both matrix and trace constituents. Such minerals appear
as unconsolidated black sands on the continental shelf off southwest
Oregon and along the Oregon coast. Two diverse energies are considered in this investigation. Environmental energy of the depositional
regimen, Part I;...
The processes responsible for transporting and depositing thick
sections of coarse-grained terrigenous clastics on the abyssal floor
and for forming associated sedimentary structures are still conjectural.
Many workers attribute coarse deep-sea sediments and their
probable lithified equivalent, the graywackes of flysch deposits to
some type of density movement.
Deductions concerning...
Spectral analysis was used to investigate semidaily mean sea
levels and atmospheric pressures at San Francisco, California,
Coos Bay, Oregon, and Tofino, British Columbia, in the frequency
band 0 to 0.5 cpd. Cross spectral analysis of semidaily mean sea
levels and atmospheric pressures at the three stations show that the...
This study examines the seasonal variability in temperature and
salinity of the nearshore waters off Oregon and Northern California.
Specifically, temperature and salinity variations during summer and
winter were ana1yzed from data gathered at shore stations along the
coast and from hydrographic data collected within 25 nautical miles
of shore....
Investigation was made into the influence of changing light
intensity on the organic and elemental composition of two species of
marine diatoms, Ditylum brightwellii and Skeletonema costatum.
Analysis was made of the relative changes in soluble and insoluble
carbohydrate; polar, non-polar, and total lipid; amino acids; proteins;
and total carbon,...
Measurements of the fluctuations of humidity, temperature
and velocity were made in the marine boundary layer. The humidity
fluctuations were measured with a Lyman-alpha humidiometer.
Temperature fluctuations were measured with a dry thermocouple
and a platinum resistance thermometer. Velocity fluctuations were
measured with a three component sonic anemometer. These measurements...
Magnetic, gravity and bathymetry data were collected on an extended
cruise of the R/V Yaquina in 1969. The last set of data was obtained
from those track lines leaving the Panama Basin. The area
covered is mainly the Cocos plate (Molnar and Sykes, 1969). The data
is analyzed and compared...
A cruise of the R/V Yaquina off Oregon during June and July of
1968 provided data for a study of the relationships of hydrographic
and chemical parameters to estimates of biological activity. The
emphasis was on carbon and nitrogen reservoirs. Phytoplankton pigments,
nitrogen and C/N ratio were used along with...
Euphausia pacifica lives for a period of approximately one year,
disappearing from the catches at a size of about 22-24 mm. Spawning,
which occurs mainly inshore, extends from June through December
but generally is most prominent in the autumn months.
Average growth is calculated to be approximately 2.0 mm per...
The nature and magnitude of experimental errors due to ⁶⁵Zn
adsorption by inorganic surfaces was examined in a laboratory system
designed to measure ⁶⁵Zn uptake by marine phytoplankton. In the pH
range, 6.3±.1 to 7.5±.1, a precipitate formed in the algal nutrient
medium selected for the system. To this seawater-base...
This study examined the foraminifera and the ecologic conditions
of the benthic environment of the Oregon shelf and the uppermost slope
(75-550 m depth) between 143°45' N and 144°40' N. Seasonal collections
monitored the near-bottom marine environment and the sedimentary
substrate at 16 stations. The foraminiferal benthic fauna was
examined...
A graphical method, based on a set of acid-base titrations, is
presented for the determination of the carbon dioxide speciation in
natural solutions. The application of this method, in conjunction
with measurements of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide with
which our solutions were in equilibrium permitted the calculation
of...
Research on the application of soluble, metal chelates for
water tracing using thermal neutron activation analysis for tracer
determination has led to the development of several tracers with
promising solution stabilities (conservative behavior) and determination sensitivities. The solution stabilities of the ethylenediamine
tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and the diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid...
The stoichiometric model of organic decomposition in seawater
(Redfield, Ketchum, and Richards, 1963) was used to describe the
oceanic distribution of total carbon dioxide. It was assumed that the
concentration of total carbon dioxide was the sum of three terms:
(1) the initial concentration of carbon dioxide, (2) the increase...
Hydrographic data and drogue observations were used to describe
the circulation and water masses in the upper 500 meters of
the region of the entrance to the Gulf of California in the early spring
of 1970.
The thermohaline structure of the water and the general circulation
in the vicinity of...
Two land breeze events occurred off the Oregon coast on the
nights of April 19th and 20th, 1973. An array of four moored toroid
buoys and one land station recorded the effect of the land breeze event
on the surface mesoscale wind and temperature fields. The land
breezes may have...
Of the common adult lanternfishes found off Oregon, two
species have fat-invested swimbladders (Stenobrachius
leucopsarus Eigenmann and Eigenmann 1890 and Stenobrachius
nannochir Gilbert 1891), two species have reduced swimbladders
(Lampanyctus ritteri Gilbert 1915 and Lampanyctus galis
Gilbert 1891), two species have gas-filled swimbladders
((Protomyctophum thomp soni (Chapman 1944)) and (Protomyctophum...
Monthly samples of nutrients, phytoplankton and zooplankton
were taken in the Columbia River estuary over a period of 16 months
in order to determine distribution with season and salinity, and interrelationships
between plankton and nutrients.
Nitrate and phosphate levels in the river water entering the
estuary are high in the...
Moored instrument records, drogue displacements, and hydrographic
observations are used in describing the coastal currents and
upwelling off Peru. The data were obtained over the continental shelf
near 15°S. during a two week study in late March and early April of
1969.
First order statistics and graphical representations of current...
Bacteria were isolated from water at Alder Slough, Oregon. Of
15 isolates grown successfully in the medium employed, 100% showed
measurable uptake of Zn-65. A growth curve was established for one
isolate, a gram-negative rod designated AS-1. Increasing Zn-65 uptake
was found generally to correspond with increasing growth of
AS-1....
Observations were made of salinity, temperature, nitrate +
nitrite, phosphate, silicate, total available nitrogen, and chlorophyll
a in nine areas of the Alaskan Inside Passage during April of 1971.
In general all properties indicated the water to be well mixed throughout
this area. The conservative properties were particularly uniform.
The...
The electrical conductivity of the pyromagmas from the Northeast
Crater of Mount Etna, Sicily was measured over the temperature
range 1032°C to 1071°C and over the frequency range 1 kHz to
400 kHz. Measurements were made using a four-terminal Wenner
array in conjunction with a Wavetek Model 110B portable signal...
Techniques for computing gravity anomalies by multipole expansions
obtained from surface integrals and volume integrals are derived
together with a vertical line element method. The results are
compared with exact calculation for right rectangular prisms and
right circular cylinders and the effects of block size and separation
between the field...
A three component drag probe has been built, calibrated, and
used to measure velocities beneath deep water ocean waves and
turbulence in a tidal channel. Simple variable inductance devices
which may be submerged in water were used as displacement transducers
and the associated electronics provided voltage outputs which
were proportional...
Samples of benthic organisms off the coast of Oregon, taken
from depths varying from 50 to 2900 meters, have been analyzed in
terms of diversity at a given station, and similarity and ecological
distance to other stations. Estimates of epifauna abundance were
also made. In the analysis an important distinction...
The data recorded between March 3, 1969, and October 31, 1969,
by a wind gauge installed at the South Jetty, Newport, Oregon, were
analyzed. The components of each observation were treated as if they
were an independent, normal, bivariate distribution and standard
statistical procedures were applied. It was found that...
This thesis demonstrates that at low frequencies (periods longer
than 2.5 days) local currents off the coast of Oregon are closely
related to the wind. Wind and current observations made during
August and September 1969 are described and compared to demonstrate
that a relationship exists; the physics of the interaction...
The nature of the bioluminescence of Gonyaulax catenella is
similar to that observed for other dinoflagellates in culture, showing
photoperiod-entrained rhythms of luminescence and stimulability
with relatively constant luminescent capacity during scotophase. G.
catenella is very sensitive to stimulation and photoinbibition. The
nature of the response to stimulation by bubbling...
Sea level and current observations made over the Oregon
continental shelf exhibit wavelike characteristics in a frequency band
from approximately 0.15 to 0.45 cpd. In a narrow band around
0.22 cpd the current-sea level relationship is consistent with the
predicted values for the first mode of Robinson's continental shelf
waves....
The effectiveness of the passive anti-roll tank system aboard
the R/V YAQUINA was determined. Measurements of ship roll,
effective waveslope and tank water transfer were analyzed using a
systems analysis technique. Time series of the inputs and outputs of
the ship/tank system and of the tank itself were processed using...
Illite, chlorite, montmorillonite and kaolinite, as well as
natural marine sediments and mixtures of the standards were subjected
to density separation by centrifugation in a linear heavy-liquid
gradient.
The density layers yielded by centrifugation were recovered
and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Separates were not monomineralic
but rather were polymineralic usually...
The distribution of surface sediments on the northern Oregon
continental shell is characterized by a nearshore sandy facies and an
outer shelf muddy facies, separated by a mid-shelf zone of mixed
sand and mud. Currents which have been measured at 130 centimeters
above the bottom indicate that the distribution of...
Allocentrotus fragilis (Jackson) was obtained from six stations
at depths of 100 to 1260 m on the continental shelf and upper slope off
Newport, Oregon.
Ages and growth rates of A. fragilis were determined by two
methods: 1) A procedure was developed to make growth zones of the
skeletal test...
A method for measuring food carbon assimilation in the copepod
Calanus finmarchicus was developed, using the diatom Ditylum
brightwelli as food. The amount of particulate food carbon ingested
was determined as the difference between CHN analyzer analyses for
particulate food carbon of pre- and post-grazed food suspensions.
The fraction of...
This study examines the relationship between fishing activities
of Pacific Northwest albacore fishermen and the availability of albacore.
Tactical responses of troll-boat fishermen were compared to
changes in daily apparent albacore abundance. Tactical responses
included boat aggregation and total applied effort (number of boats)
within a particular area, and net...
The behavior of the shore crab Hemigrapsus oregonensis was assessed
with and without exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1260).
After describing the crab's behavioral repertoire, activity budgets were
developed from observations of the time crabs spent in 20 categories of
shelter use, posture, and activity while held in habitat replicas...