Estrogen is a sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics. They also play a critical role in the development of breast and uterine cancer. The formation of agonistic metabolites of estrogen, especially 16α-hydroxyestrone, have been found to have cancer-inducing effects meanwhile...
Developers frequently change the type of a program element and update all its references for performance, security, concurrency, library migration, or better maintainability. Despite type changes being a common program transformation, it is the least automated and the least studied. Manually performing type changes is tedious since the programmers have...
Despite software history being indispensable for developers, there is little empirical knowledge about how they examine software history. Without such knowledge, researchers and tool builders are in danger of making wrong assumptions and building inadequate tools.
In this paper we present an in-depth empirical study about the motivations developers have...
In the Pacific Northwest (PNW), concern about the impacts of climate and land cover change on water resources, flood-generating processes, and ecosystem dynamics emphasize the need for a mechanistic understanding of the interactions between forest canopies and hydrological processes. A detailed measurement and modeling program during the 1999 and 2000...
Merge conflicts have long plagued software development. With larger and more dispersed teams comes greater risk of developers working on the same code at the same time. While merge conflicts are known to be painful, their exact impact on software is still largely unknown. Are merge conflicts an isolated problem,...
Enabled by a rich ecosystem of Machine Learning (ML) libraries, programming using learned models, i.e., Software-2.0, has gained substantial adoption. However, we do not know what challenges developers encounter when they use ML libraries. With this knowledge gap, researchers miss opportunities to contribute to new research directions, tool builders do...
To protect user’s privacy and system’s integrity, mobile platforms use permission models to control accesses to protected resources such as GPS location, Contacts, etc. The previous major version of Android used a static permission model, which compromised the security and privacy of apps. Android 6 overhauled its permission model to...
The main goal of automated test generation is to improve the reliability of a program by exposing faults to developers. To this end, testing should cover the largest possible portion of the program given a test budget (i.e., time and resources) as frequently as possible. Coverage of a program entity...
In the Pacific Northwest (PNW), concern about the impacts of climate and land cover change on water resources and flood-generating processes emphasizes the need for a mechanistic understanding of the interactions between forest canopies and hydrologic processes. Detailed measurements during the 1999 and 2000 hydrologic years were used to modify...
A bad software development process leads to wasted effort and inferior products. In order to improve a software process, it is important to first understand it. Our unique approach in this paper is to use code and test changes to understand conformance to a process. We analyze the meaning of...
The scarcity of wireless spectrum resources and the overwhelming demand for wireless broadband resources have prompted industry, government agencies and academia within the wireless communities to develop and come up with effective solutions that can make additional spectrum available for broadband data. As part of these ongoing efforts, cognitive radio...
This work advances a unified approach to process-based hydrologic modeling, which we term the ‘‘Structure for Unifying Multiple Modeling Alternatives (SUMMA).’’ The modeling framework, introduced in the companion paper, uses a general set of conservation equations with flexibility in the choice of process parameterizations (closure relationships) and spatial architecture. This...
Dysregulation of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling has been implicated in glioma pathogenesis. Yet, the role of this pathway
in gliomagenesis remains controversial because of the lack of relevant animal models. Using the cytokeratin 5 promoter, we
ectopically expressed a constitutively active zebrafish Smoothened (Smoa1) in neural progenitor cells and analyzed...
Full Text:
., Chen, W., Spitsbergen, J. M., Lu, J., Vogel, P., Peters, J. L., ... & Taylor, M.
R. (2014). Activation
Software history and version control systems (VCS) are an important source of information for developers. This entails the need for a principled understanding of developers’ information seeking in VCS, both for improving existing tools as well as understanding requirements for new tools. However, it is only recently that researchers have...
Recently, Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) has been leveraged by most Datacenter Network (DCN) protocols for congestion control to achieve high throughput and low latency. However, the majority of these approaches assume that each switch port has one queue while current industry trends towards having multiple queues per switch port. To...
The overarching theme of these stories is the relationship between love and hate, especially the connection between kindness and violence. In this fictional world, love often begets hate, and hate, love: a man's capacity for empathy serves as the catalyst for an act of brutality; a character's loneliness, his desire...
The AE32000 processor core, developed by Advanced Digital Chips Inc., Korea, is used primarily in the embedded processing environment. The AE32000 simulator models this embedded processor core having high code density. An enhanced simulator was developed to study the performance of the present Instruction Set Architecture after comparison with the...
Back pain is the leading cause of disability worldwide, entailing a significant socioeconomic impact. A primary source of back pain can be attributed to intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration allowing nerve ingrowth, facet joint arthritis, disc bulging, and osteophyte formations that press on nearby nerve roots or the spinal cord. While...
Distributed version control allows developers to manage software evolution among distributed development teams. But it does not eliminate all consistency and concurrency issues, and instead introduces additional complexity when merging code. And resolving merge conflicts is nontrivial when automated merging fails. In such cases, developers are forced to inspect the...
Direct anthropogenic stressors have caused drastic declines in wildlife populations over the past two centuries. In the face of these threats, spillover of infectious disease from domestic animals and livestock into wildlife, and novel interactions between parasites and pathogens within wildlife communities, have further suppressed already vulnerable populations. As management...
Application Stores, such as the iTunes App Store, give developers access to their users’ complaints and requests in the form of application reviews. However, little is known about how developers are responding to application reviews. Without such knowledge developers, users, Application Stores, and researchers could make incorrect assumptions. To address...
The Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) catalyzes genome transcription repression through the methylation of lysine residue 27 in the amino terminal region of histone 3 (H3K27me1/2/3) [2], [7]. PRC2 is made up of three highly conserved core subunits: Kmt6, Eed, and Suz12. Accurate distribution of PRC2 is essential for proper...
Microbial communities in Arctic coastal lagoons drive biogeochemical cycles at the terrestrial-marine interface and help to determine the fate and form of resources like nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) as they are delivered to the Arctic Ocean. Though rising rates of primary production in the Arctic Ocean are well-characterized, the...
Civil engineers are aware of the impacts of structures on the global environment but the environmental impacts of a fire within these structures remains unknown. Fires present a unique hazard as it is difficult to predict the probability of the occurrence and the intensity. Traditional methods to identify the environmental...
Building software systems that adapt to the changing environment is challenging. Developers cannot anticipate all the changes in advance, and even if they could, the effort required to handle such situations is too onerous for practical purposes. Self Adaptive Software (SAS) adapts itself as per changing environment. The area of...
This compilation of theses and dissertations (a part of the OSU Bibliographic Series) for the period 1970-1977 reflects this university's emphasis on research and graduate study. It may be viewed as an indicator of the contributions made to the state of Oregon through graduate study and research at Oregon State...
We consider three problems on simplicial complexes: the Optimal Bounded Chain Problem, the Optimal Homologous Chain Problem, and 2-Dim-Bounded-Surface. The Optimal Bounded Chain Problem asks to find the minimum weight d-chain in a simplicial complex K bounded by a given (d−1)-chain, if such a d-chain exists. The Optimal Homologous Chain...
Concrete has been categorized as a key contributor of CO2 (carbon) emissions into the atmosphere. This is mostly associated with the production of ordinary portland cement (OPC). The concrete and cement industries are pursuing a path to reduce their carbon emissions generally in accordance with the climate change goals outlined...
Automatic analysis of American football videos can help teams develop strategies and extract patterns with less human effort. In this work, we focus on the problem of automatically determining which team is on offense/defense, which is an important subproblem for higher-level analysis. While seemingly mundane, this problem is quite challenging...
This thesis primarily investigates nonhumans in the writings of 12th century historians. Where these writings may typically be seen as having little room for nonhuman agency, this thesis investigates how divinity, as an important part of medieval life, creates a space for nonhuman agency that is otherwise overlooked. In chapter...
Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an insect of global concern that causes serious damage to soft-skinned fruits. D. suzukii is widespread in North America, South America, Europe, and Asia and is listed as an invasive pest with strict quarantine protocols governing import and export. Given the damage caused by D....
Members of Gram-positive Actinobacteria cause economically important diseases to plants. Within the Rhodococcus genus,
some members can cause growth deformities and persist as pathogens on a wide range of host plants. The current model
predicts that phytopathogenic isolates require a cluster of three loci present on a linear plasmid, with...
This thesis presents a low-energy application specific digital controller for a battery-free 2.4 GHz wireless sensor network (WSN) node. The digital controller has been designed and fabricated in a standard 0.13 μm CMOS and implements a simple protocol for WSNs. Techniques such as supply voltage reduction and power gating have...
Information Foraging Theory (IFT) has successfully explained how people seek information in various domains, in turn, informing the design of several tools and information-intensive environments. However, prior research has not explored foraging in the presence of several, very similar variants of the same artifact. Such variants are commonplace in several...
CTIP2 is a C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor that plays important yet poorly understood roles in mouse development. CTIP2 is known to be highly expressed in the central nervous system, skin and T lymphocytes during embryogenesis. CTIP2-null mice die perinatally of unknown causes and exhibit defects in multiple organ systems...
As the effect of ocean acidification (OA) on marine calcifiers is better understood, a range of potential mitigative strategies have been proposed, many of which are plagued by concerns of scale and feasibility. One oft-cited option is to increase the biomass of photosynthetic organisms to remove CO₂ from the water...
Since its introduction in the early 1990s, the quick growth of the World Wide Web
(WWW) traffic raises the question of whether past Local Area Network (LAN) packet
traces still reflect the current situation or whether they have become obsolete. For this
thesis, several LAN packet traces were obtained by...
The net mass balance fluctuations of Arctic and Sub-Arctic glaciers, north of 47.5°
North latitude, are described over a 45-year period from 1957 to 2002 using two
parameters derived from a gridded climatology reanalysis. Variability among 185
measured glaciers was represented according to two main components. The first
component represents...
Social robots benefit from a sense of humor, which requires the ability to recognize and adapt to human responses during playful interactions. Past work on humorous robots has classified audience responses with audio-based and preliminary visual-based methods following the joke punchline. Building on this progress, we conducted a survey of...
A novel, low-cost instrument capable of measuring surface water PCO₂ was designed for use in dynamic, shallow-water environments. The instrument was tested in the Yaquina River Estuary, a macrotidal estuary known to experience a wide range of conditions ranging from dominance by the coastal ocean during summer upwelling to substantial...
Many parallel machines, both commercial and experimental, have been/are being designed with toroidal interconnection networks. For a given number of nodes, the torus has a relatively larger diameter, but better cost/performance tradeoffs, such as higher channel bandwidth, and lower node degree, when compared to the hypercube. Thus, the torus is...
This is a listing of both PhD and Master's· theses relating to the areas of forestry issued during the period from July 1976 to June 1981. The
list is arranged first by state, then by college or university within each state. Authors of theses are arranged alphabetically under each of...
This is a bibliography of doctoral dissertations and masters' theses in forestry and related topics issued during the period from July 1981 through June 1990. The colleges and universities included are all accredited by the Society of American Foresters. The actual listings were supplied by the individual institutions. Topics covered...
Mental health among student athletes has gotten much more attention in the world of sport today. However, there has been a lack of research focusing on how the socioeconomic backgrounds of Division 1 student athletes can play a role in their mental health and their desire to seek out help...
Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), a pest of thin-skinned fruits, has been detected worldwide recently, with new locations of establishment determined annually since it first became a concern on continental North America in 2008. Drosophila suzukii females are different from most other drosophilids as being one of two known species capable...
Software systems are becoming an essential part of the lives of both individuals and organizations, and as a consequence, these systems are getting bigger and more complex. Because of this, the tasks of maintaining the quality in these complex software systems are becoming increasingly difficult. Furthermore, these systems are subject...
Canopy structure has a significant impact on the canopy hydrology of
Douglas-fir forests in the Pacific Northwest (PNW). Whole canopy rainfall
interception was measured for young Douglas-fir forest and compared to an
old-growth Douglas-fir forest. The old-growth forest had significantly greater
canopy water storage capacity (5) and direct throughfall fraction...
Sodium cooled nuclear reactors are being considered for the next generation of nuclear power plants to provide clean electricity to the world. To prove the safety of these reactors, the fuel must be shown to safely handle large neutron fluxes that cause a spike in the thermal output of the...
Autonomous robotic agents are on their way to becoming in-home personal assistants, construction assistants, and warehouse workers. The degree of autonomy of such systems is reflected by the manner in which we specify goals to them; the abstraction of low-level commands to high-level goals goes hand-in-hand with increased autonomy. In...
Advances in low-power digital integration and microelectro-mechanical systems (MEMS) have paved the way for micro-sensors. These sensors are equipped with data processing capabilities along with sensory circuits. Sensor data are processed on these individual sensors and transmitted to the target (sink). Lowcost integration and small sizes of these sensors have...
Plant pathogenic Rhodococcus species are persistent pathogens able to cause severe growth deformities on a large range of hosts. The most well studied species, R. fascians is predicted by current models to synthesize a mixture of cytokinins that act to directly perturb the hosts' hormone balances, which results in abnormal...
CTIP2, a novel C2H2 zinc finger protein, is a transcriptional repressor that functions by at least two mechanisms. CTIP2 interacts with and stimulates transcriptional repression mediated by COUP-TF family members. CTIP2 also represses transcription independently of COUP-TF proteins by direct, sequence-specific DNA binding activity. CTIP2 has been implicated in lymphoid...
The development and some applications of holographic optical tweezers (HOT) are presented. Our HOT system uses a spatial light modulator (SLM) to control the location and properties of the optical trap. We have developed a method for optimizing the diffraction efficiency of a SLM that can be applied in situ...
Variability is an important and widely studied topic across domains such as version control, software product lines, and metaprogramming. This dissertation presents an investigation into the process of systematically adding variability to data structures and programs, leading to guidelines for variational data structures and implications for programs that create, manipulate,...
The azalea lace bug (Stephanitis pyrioides Scott) is a global pest of rhododendrons and azaleas (Rhododendron spp.). It is originally from Asia, has been established in the eastern U.S. for the past century, and was recently detected in the Pacific Northwest in 2008-2009. Stephanitis pyrioides feeds on the underside of...
Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is a serious pest in soft and stone fruit industries worldwide. The unique serrated ovipositor of female Drosophila suzukii allowed the species to reproduce in intact, ripening fruit before the harvest. Current control methods rely heavily on insecticide application, only becoming less profitable due to the...
Using plant fibers as a potential renewable material to substitute for glass fibers in fiber-reinforced polymer composites has been growing since the late 1990s. Due to high demand, there has been a shift towards ‘green concept’ material in many applications. Numerous secondary plant fibers have been explored as a source...
In this dissertation, I investigate the evolution and genomes of carabid beetles, a worldwide family of over 38,000 species. I focus on two species-rich groups, the tribes Chlaeniini and Bembidiini, both of which are primarily found on the shores of bodies of water. The former are distinctive for their defensive...
Iterative algorithms are simple yet efficient in solving large-scale optimization problems in practice. With a surge in the amount of data in past decades, these methods have become increasingly important in many application areas including matrix/tensor recovery, deep learning, data mining, and reinforcement learning. To optimize or improve iterative algorithms,...
With the increasing international focus on transboundary cooperation as a part of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Framework, there is global recognition of transboundary water cooperation as a tool for improved governance and management of transboundary surface and groundwaters. Yet, there is not an agreed upon definition of transboundary water...
Cnidarians and their symbiotic dinoflagellates form a productive mutualism that shapes marine environments. In this symbiosis, dinoflagellate species from the family Symbiodiniacea reside within cnidarian host gastrodermal cells and provide the host with photosynthetically fixed carbon in exchange for host metabolites. This nutritional exchange allows both partners to thrive in...
Moisture durability is essential for wood composites, especially those used in building construction, where products are prone to weathering. The primary focus of this research was to determine if adhesive penetration into the cell wall has a positive influence on adhesive bond durability. To fully understand the measureable effects of...
Scaling the supply voltage into the sub/near-threshold domain is one of the most effective methods for improving the energy efficiency of next-generation electronic microsystems. Unfortunately, the relationship between low-voltage operation and radiation-induced soft error rate is not widely known, as little research has been previously performed and reported for soft-error...
The ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) phenomenon serves as a sensitive probe of the effective internal fields in a magnetic material. FMR spectroscopy has consequently become a well-established technique, extensively employed in assessing material properties such as magnetic anisotropy, Landé g-factor, damping parameter, and the magnetoelastic constants of magnetic materials. Determining these...
The climate of the Pacific Northwest is in flux, and existing forest ecosystems are stressed and poised to shift in fundamental ways, with or without human intervention. This dissertation probes the nature of forest responses to environmental change through investigations of morphology and genetics of three species of alder co-occurring...
Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models impact our daily lives with applications in natural language modeling, image analysis, healthcare, genomics, and bioinformatics. The exponential growth of biological sequence data necessitates accompanying advances in computational methods. Although deep learning is highly effective for detecting and classifying biological sequences, challenges...
The marine ecosystem provides a broad spectrum of services for a wide array of user groups. Such broad use of marine resources often results in use conflicts between ecosystem elements and human interests. To help mitigate these conflicts, the Bayesian Analysis for Spatial Siting (BASS) tool was developed to incorporate...
With growing interest in mass timber, especially mass timber panels (MTP), there has been a need to better understand their structural properties. One of the most versatile uses for MTP are as floor systems. Under new code provisions, these floors can be utilized in new and taller building types, but...
Wet meadow ecosystems are a useful natural laboratory in which to explore feedbacks between biogenic and geologic controls on valley bottom landforms. Characterized by flat valley floors flanked by higher-gradient hillslopes, these meadows are singular both in that they represent depositional features in what is primarily an erosional environment, and...
Timber engineering is currently in the midst of a significant evolution due to the rise of mass timber products, like cross-laminated timber (CLT). Increasing numbers of structural engineers are facing the challenge of designing lateral-force-resisting systems (LFRS) for multistory CLT structures. LFRS solutions such as steel frames, concrete cores, or...
As part of the 2004 Oregon Fire Program Review, the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) formed the Forest Fuels and Hazard Mitigation (FFHM) Committee to assess hazardous fuel loading issues, and recommend ways to reduce risk, and improve and strengthen the multiple hazard mitigation strategies in Oregon.
A statewide wildfire...
End-user programmers often struggle to create programs that run quickly and effectively, which can be a major deterrent in completing their tasks as desired. Current research has primarily focused on catching user mistakes, such as errors or misused formulas. However, end users deal with issues other than just correctness. In...
The study of the diversity of multivariate objects shares common characteristics across disciplines, including ecology and organizational management. Nevertheless, experts in these two disciplines have adopted somewhat separate diversity concepts and analysis techniques, limiting the ability of potentially sharing and cross comparing these concerns. Moreover, while complex diversity data may...
Many Oregon communities face serious and growing risks from wildfires. These fires are increasingly large and severe after many decades of fire suppression and land use changes, flammable fuel buildups and interactions with climate. The wildland-urban interface (WUI) continues to expand as people relocate to rural areas where they often...
(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) PAHs are widespread in the environment, and are derived from both natural and anthropogenic sources. The physicochemical properties of PAHs along with the wide range of PAH sources leads to their persistence in the environment. Since PAHs are ubiquitous, and have the potential to illicit adverse effects,...
The issue of chloride-induced corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete and its economic impacts are well-known. Chlorides that cause reinforcement corrosion can be from constituent materials used to prepare concrete or can enter the hardened concrete when the structure is exposed to chloride environments. To minimize the risk of reinforcement...
Biologists have long been fascinated with reproductive traits, in part because they are frequently exaggerated or showy, and they commonly vary among closely related species. Exaggerated sexual traits, in particular, have been the focus of intense empirical and theoretical research, but most of this work has focused on traits involved...
Over the years, the performance of construction projects has been a main source of concern given the percentage of a project cost associated with poor project performance. As a result of the growing clamor to improve the output of the built industry, comprehensive studies have been conducted to examine the...
It is necessary to evaluate and compare the characteristics of
various methods of accessing data-files in order to utilize economically
both the hardware and the software (Space and Time) supported
by the digital on-line system. The purpose of this paper is to
describe and evaluate the structure and use of...
Published January 1993. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
This dissertation describes the application and development of molecular tools that have great potential for use in studying variation in strawberry germplasm. The first study evaluated 91 microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) markers for transferability in 22 Fragaria species and their utility in fingerprinting octoploid strawberries. Out of the transferable...
An open area of research in complex systems is to move reliability and failure assessments earlier in the engineering design process. When compared to later design, early decisions are cost effective and have a large impact on the system. Standard methods are limited by the availability of data and often...
The Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management propose to adopt coordinated ecosystem management direction for the lands they administer within the range of the northern spotted owl. This Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SETS) presents as alternatives the options, with slight modifications, developed by the Forest Ecosystem Management Assessment...