The present study was designed to investigate the
effects of exercise on vitamin B-6 metabolism. Four groups
of subjects (intermittent, college, untrained, and high school)
consisting of nineteen male and two female individuals, participated
in the study. The subjects exercised either on a
bicycle ergometer, by running three 1500 meter...
The objectives of this study were a) to determine
if pyridoxine (PN) supplementation increases the rate at
which plasma urea and ammonia return to basal levels,
following exercise, b) to determine, by open circuit
calorimetry, the utilization of carbohydrates, and c) to
further understand vitamin B-6 metabolism during and
following...
The percentage of the American population who are 65 years old or older is
rapidly increasing, especially the proportion of women. It is becoming crucial to
encourage lifestyle behaviors that will enable senior women to remain in optimal
health. Following the 1990 Dietary Guidelines' recommendations to limit fat intake
and...
The US population over the age of 65 years is growing rapidly, with elderly
women outnumbering men by 50 percent. Studies show that aging is often
accompanied by reduced energy intake, inadequate nutrition, and the loss of lean
body mass with a subsequent increase in body fat, as well as...
This study aims to identify the effect of different lighting conditions and shelf height in a retail store environment on emotional states, feeling of safety and behavioral intentions. Lighting and store fixture height are two retail store components that can affect consumers’ emotional states and therefore their shopping experience.
This...
The purpose of this study was twofold. First, to determine if planned
interventions could increase untrained undergraduate students' use of positive and
specific skill feedback while a teaching fundamental motor skill to children who are
disabled. Second, to qualitatively assess the effect of specific verbal feedback on
student motor performance....
Fishermen's and managers' perceptions of fishery issues are an
important factor to consider when studying conflicts between the
two groups. According to theories of conflict management,
differences in perceptions may cause situations to be characterized
by misunderstanding and mistrust, and may add to the difficulties in
managing the conflict.
A...
Previous research suggested that unlike marketing goods,
marketing services required manipulating the physical environment as
well as price, promotion, production, and place. This indicates a role for
interior design in the marketing strategy of a service business. Research
also indicated that little was known about the effect of the different...
The two studies of this dissertation examined mothers' perspectives of nonresident fathers' involvement in low-income families. The overall goal of these studies was to gain a more comprehensive understanding of nonresident fathers' involvement and its effect on family well-being. In the first study I applied a relatively new methodology, zero-inflated...
In 1952, at the height of the McCarthy era, Franz Kallmann, a Jewish psychiatrist and eugenicist who fled the National Socialist regime in Germany, published a study, in which he claimed to have found a one hundred percent concordance rate for homosexuality among forty pairs of identical twins. From this...
You can enhance your sales success significantly by better
understanding your own personality and style of selling
as well as the personality and buying styles of your customers.
This understanding can provide you with strategies for
approaching, and selling to, different buyer types.
The purpose of the study was to investigate practical guidelines based on empirical evidence for effective website design, including both home page and product pages. This research consists of two consecutive empirical studies. Study 1 was one factor (home page design: image- vs. text-oriented home page) between-subjects design with two...
Main Street USA in Southern California’s Disneyland theme park is often described as nostalgic. However, previous research on this subject has failed to identify what elements actually make Main Street USA nostalgic as well as determine why Disney uses this nostalgia to influence park guests. In order to respond to...
Previous research has revealed gender differences that impact females’ willingness to adopt software features in end users’ programming environments. Since these features have separately been shown to help end users problem solve, it is important to female end users’ productivity that we find ways to make these features more acceptable...
Many projects fail because employees and managers have different understandings of project "success" or "value". Other projects fail because managers are unable to effectively align organizational values with those of their employees. This problem is widely understood, but there is little empirical research that specifies the nature and effect of...
The present study examined involuntary attentional bias toward facial emotion expression. Particularly, the study examined two different attentional components for emotional processing, namely, orienting vs. disengagement. A cueing paradigm using two cue presentation times (250ms and 350ms) was used to determine if attention would be involuntarily captured by an irrelevant...
Surrogate motherhood is a very complex issue with
many groups having vested interests. In order to measure
attitudes specific to surrogacy a 20-item Likert Scale
with high reliability was developed through item analysis
(N=131, Part-whole correlation range 0.749-0.478).
Correlation of surrogacy attitudes was subsequently
related to six other instruments: AIDS,...
Research shows that Exercise-Associated Menstrual Dysfunction (ExMD) ranges from 6-79% of active women, depending on the sport. The primary contributor to ExMD is hypothesized to be low energy availability or relative energy deficiency in sport, due to insufficient energy intake to match exercise energy expenditure. Because many active women are...
As rates of obesity continue to rise in the United States, interest in restaurant menu labeling has become a growing phenomenon. Many proposed initiatives to require posted nutrition information at the point of sale or decision point for choosing restaurant fare are gaining attention. Research to explore how nutrition labeling...
The aim of the study was to determine whether a higher correlated color temperature of the fluorescent lighting in an elementary school classroom influenced student on-task behavior as compared to fluorescent lighting with a lower correlated color temperature. A conceptual theoretical framework on interior lighting and human behavior was developed...
Decreasing mortality rates and increasing life
expectancy are contributing factors in a trend currently
referred to as the "graying" of America. Some members of
this aging population will require caregiving support from
their families. Because women tend to outlive men, adult
daughters generally assume this important role for their
widowed...
The research evaluated the remodeled lobby and reception office of the Linn- Benton Housing Authority, Albany, Oregon. Programming goals identified five needs: protect client privacy, provide for orderly queuing at the reception counter, decrease contact time between clients and staff, and improve reception office for attention focused tasks and for...
E-commerce is growing each year, reaching 130.1 billion in 2008 (Internetretailer.com, 2009b). Retailers have turned their attention to the online channel to discover ways to stay competitive. Yet there is still limited research on online apparel retailing, especially in online product presentation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to...
This study focused on users' emotional responses to a sustainable and a non-sustainable interior environment. Emotional reactions toward interior environments were tested by having subjects complete a survey. The survey tested users' emotional reactions with a mixed methods approach by including both qualitative and quantitative questions. The scope of this...
School Physical Education programs provide key opportunities to promote lifetime physical activity (PA) to students, while at the same time students can build a sense of enjoyment. The purpose of this study first sought to determine the effects of varying instructional approaches on the enjoyment and PA levels of students...
The purpose of this study was to compare the muscular
strength and endurance of thirty-two men 51 to 79 years of age who
engage in weight training (WT), aerobic training (AT), cross training
(CT), or no training (S). The design employed in the study was a 2x2
between subjects factorial...
Low bone mineral density (BMD) and poor stability both contribute to
increased risk of fractures associated with a fall. The aim of this dissertation was
two-fold. The first study, a cross-sectional analysis, sought to determine the
anthropometric and/or performance variables that best predicted BMD and postural
stability in mature, premenopausal...
Low physical activity levels and high serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in both men and women. However, postmenopausal women who take hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may have increased risk of CAD because of HRT-related increases in serum CRP. There are two manuscripts...
One's ability to determine the cause and effect nature events is important for navigating within the social realm. However, the ability to determine these relationships is not always as clear. According to Weary and Edwards (1996) causal uncertainty (CU) is the result of an individual perceiving themselves as someone who...
This thesis is a study of the clothing behavior of disadvantaged
adolescents in a rural community as it relates to the factors of social class, security level, peer acceptance and self-selection of clothing.
This study was selected because very little research in clothing
behavior has been done in disadvantaged rural...
The rise of social networking is more prevalent in today's society than ever before. Of the existing social networking platforms, Twitter is widely recognized as operating within the social networking elite. With this rise in social networking comes the challenge to develop new strategies of navigation when presenting one's identity...
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships
among leadership style (telling, selling, participating and
delegating), personality preferences (Extravert/Introvert,
Sensing/Intuitive, Feeling/Thinking, Judging/Perceiving and
effectiveness as a consultant teacher. The sample consisted of
thirty-one consultant teachers from Oregon: twenty from the
Portland School District, five from the Gresham School...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a deep
breathing and stretching exercise on communication Apprehension,
Cohesiveness and Attentiveness. An empirical method was used in
this study. All of the subjects involved in the study were students
in beginning public speaking courses, Speech 112, at Oregon...
This study examined the effect that three environmental
hues had on subjects' work performance and on mood levels of
anxiety, depression, and arousal in an office work environment.
Pre-test post- test measurements of differences in work performance
and mood levels were used to test twelve hypotheses. Work
performance was measured...
The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in
contact, emotional closeness, and aid exchange in the mother-daughter,
relationship during daughter's first pregnancy. According to the
literature reviewed, women increase contact with and become
emotionally closer to their mothers with pregnancy. It appears that
pregnant women have increased feelings...
Parent-characters in televised family programs set examples for viewers who may re-enact their behaviors with real children. This study attempts to determine how much "desirable" and "undesirable" behavior is modeled on these shows, and whether the behaviors are coupled with responses that might encourage or discourage viewer adoption of the...
The study was designed to assess the efficacy of Lou and Charlson's
(1991) social cognition training program for deaf adults. Sixteen deaf
adult subjects who were vocational rehabilitation clients, and who had
been identified as experiencing difficulties in social functioning, were
assigned to receive a eight-week training program designed to...
Sport is an avenue for children and adolescents to improve physical skills as well as
enhance their psycho-social development. Despite the benefits of sport, numerous children
and adolescents choose not to be physically active. Consequently, several investigators
have sought to determine why some children choose to participate in sport, while...
A memoir is variously defined as an abbreviated autobiography; a record of
events based on the writer's personal observation or knowledge; and the written
story of one's own life. I set out to do those things. But when I sat back to read the
first of many drafts, I discovered...
The purpose of this study was to determine that a behavioral lifestyle modification approach to weight loss changes participants' dietary intake and physical activity levels and that these changes were associated with weight loss and weight loss maintenance. Behavioral factors important in other weight control studies were also investigated to...
The prevalence of childhood illness requiring hospitalization establishes the need for implementation of an applied intervention to decrease levels of hospitalization-induced anxiety in pediatric patients. In addition to anxiety, levels of perceived trauma have also been linked to pre-operative pediatric patients. Child-Centered Play Therapy (CCPT) within the medical setting has...
Published March 1980. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Surveys of both patients and health care providers have indicated strong interest, up to 95%, in favor of advance directives, which are legal documents that express patients' healthcare treatment decisions. Despite the widespread support for advance directives, actual completion rates are very low, ranging from 4% to 20% for the...
The perception of the self as a sexual being is challenged by the
experience of pregnancy. Included in the experience of pregnancy are
issues with perceptions of the self, body image, transition into
motherhood, and reconciliation of the self as a sexual being during
pregnancy. Through a review of the...
During and after a disaster, it is important to support children and allay their fears. If fears are not addressed carefully, they may continue long after the disaster has passed. Young children are particularly at risk during these times because of their vulnerability, their lack of understanding, and their difficulty...
These changes aren’t characteristic of only large
companies. Entrepreneurs and small companies are seeing
the same kinds of changes. Yet, most companies have not made
the internal changes needed to address and more effectively
embrace these important changes.
Research indicates that child sex abuse contributes to emotional and behavioral
dysfunction in adult survivors. However, no one factor within the abuse experience has
been found to independently affect adult functioning, and it is unclear if several factors
acting together influence degree of dysfunction. This study compared the Global
Assessment...
An increased frequency of eating meals away from home, increasing portion sizes in foods and a lack of information about the nutrient content of restaurant foods may be important factors related to increases in obesity. Methods to improve the healthfulness of meals eaten away from home have been highly debated....
This exploratory study looks at communication perspectives and applies them to
the transcript of USAir Flight 427, a flight that crashed while attempting to land.
Researchers calculate that 60% to 80% of the accidents can he traced to pilot error.
Many of these errors occur through a single communication event...
The primary objective of the present research, which investigated consumer behavior regarding the storage of clothing items no longer worn, was to develop a model that describes and explains the process of consumer clothing inventory management. Data were collected via in-depth interviews of twenty-two adult female and male informants. Guided...
Adolescent pregnancy is a major social problem which results in negative psychological, medical, developmental,
economic and educational consequences for both mother and child. A review of the literature examined psychological and sociocultural factors and negative consequences associated with adolescent pregnancy. There has been little research on age specific differences between...
This phenomenological inquiry explored dimensions of reflection for older adults in a developmental oriented adventure education experience. Data were gathered from emergent interviews with four individuals while participating in a multi-day, self-contained experiential education program conducted in a rugged environment, and led by a Navajo leader. Two principle research questions...
Using data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development’s Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD), this study assessed the implications of the division of labor on relationship intimacy for married and cohabitating dual-earner couples (N= 392 couples). The study focused on what mothers and...
In order to develop effective interventions designed to encourage more
middle-aged individuals to engage in regular exercise, there is a need to
further understand the mechanisms involved in the decision to exercise.
One appropriate conceptual framework involves future-oriented self-conceptions,
or possible selves (Markus & Nurius, 1986). Possible selves, both
hoped-for...
The contemporary student veteran population is growing rapidly as service members who served in the Afghanistan and Iraq conflicts take advantage of the Post 9/11 Veteran Educational Assistance Act of 2008 to receive educational benefits to attend college (Cook & Kim, 2009). However, student veterans entering college today have a...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among appearance management, dress, and personality. Eight hypotheses were developed that proposed relationships among five personality factors, three appearance management variables, and style of dress. Respondents were 277 undergraduate student subjects enrolled at Oregon State University. Subjects completed two questionnaires:...
This study examined the association between poverty and child neglect. The existence of a general association has been established for some time. However, there is much debate, and little detailed research, on the specific processes that create this association. This study focused on the form of neglect that involves the...
The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the 30-minute cycling time trial to estimate the heart rate at lactate threshold. Recreationally trained cyclists and triathletes (n = 47) performed 3 tests in random order: 1) One graded exercise test to directly determine lactate threshold...
Endurance riding reflects a relatively new sport among equine athletic disciplines and is growing rapidly. Of all the equine athletic disciplines, endurance riding is the most closely interrelated with veterinary assessment and control to ensure that horses are not exercised beyond their athletic capacity. As endurance riding competition has evolved,...
Exercise training has consistently been shown to increase fat utilization during exercise, while conflicting results have been reported on the effects of sex and age on fuel metabolism during exercise. PURPOSE: The primary objective of this investigation was to compare fat and carbohydrate utilization during exercise among males and females...
Throughout the various levels of baseball competition, pitchers often suffer season-ending or career-ending injuries. Significant improvements have been made in the treatment and rehabilitation of these injuries, with a lesser amount of attention given to injury prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an inseason...
The aim of the first manuscript was to examine CHD risk in women with MS by
assessing the frequency of physical inactivity and the frequency of anthropometric,
dietary, and metabolic CHD risk factors. Although participation in physical activity is
often avoided by many women with MS, some women remain physically...
Evidence exists that links a sedentary lifestyle with the emergence of chronic
diseases during adulthood. Reports indicate that many children and adolescents already
have risk factors for chronic diseases and the prevalence of obesity among children is at
an all time high. There are concerns that children may not be...
This study examined the effect of vitamin B-6 supplementation and exhaustive
submaximal exercise on plasma catecholamine concentrations, and the relationship
between plasma catecholamines and fuel use, heart rate and oxygen consumption. Five
trained men (age= 18-35 years; V0₂max=53 ml 0₂/kg/min.) participated in two controlled
dietary periods that were identical except...
Better Bones and Balance (BBB) is a community-based exercise program to improve bone health and reduce fall risk among older adults. Prior research has shown that when the program is delivered by researchers under controlled conditions, participants improved strength and balance, and maintained bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip....
As childhood obesity rises in the United States, so does the need for effective, sustainable physical activity interventions. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of an early morning care program as well as determine the program’s effects on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during the program and...
This research focused on the experiences of 15 low income Mexican women immigrants participating in MAS and Superando, two family literacy programs at the center of these women's sociocultural change. This research sought to understand the extent to which participation in these two programs empowers women to create change in...
Objectified body consciousness (OBC) is a third-person perspective that locates an individual's body-self relationship primarily in the appearance of her/his body as an outside observer rather than in how her/his body feels or what her/his body can do. We know very little about OBC in relation to physical self variables...
The Change in Alcohol Consumption of Important People to Clients measures the relationship between outcomes of clients’ alcohol treatment and the changes in alcohol consumption by important people (IP) in clients’ social networks. The prevalence of alcoholism in America continues to negatively impact individuals and society, yet few people with...
The sudden and unexpected death of a seemingly healthy infant sets in motion a number of linked processes with potentially complex and far-reaching ramifications. While individuals, families and communities grapple with the shock and heartbreak associated with the loss of a young life, a chain of multidisciplinary investigative responsibilities is...
This exploratory study was focused on the design, meaning and use of the Turkish salon (the sitting room for guests). The findings provided an understanding of the different aspects of people's experiences of their salons. Socially and personally constructed meanings were examined to gain a deeper understanding of the respondents'...
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between frequent childhood mobility and perceived social support, education level, and economic well-being in a sample of former Even Start parents. Theoretically the mechanisms for the disruption of frequent mobility are studied through both social capital theory and an ecological...
Although many science educators and researchers believe that emotion is an important part of the learning process, few researchers have dealt with the topic in a systematic fashion. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of emotion in the learning process, particularly in the learning of science...
Sleep is an active process that affects an individual's daily functioning and physical and mental health. It is also beneficial for an individual's overall health and well being. Children with autism often have difficulty sleeping. One common complaint from parents of children with autism is that these children lack sufficient...
Exercise increases B-vitamin (B6, B12, folate) dependent metabolic reactions, especially those related to energy production and the rebuilding and repairing of muscle tissue. These same B-vitamins are also important in maintaining low blood levels of homocysteine (Hcy), a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Hcy levels rise when the metabolism of...
The purpose of this study was to explore motivations behind participation in cosplay and the use of social media among cosplayers who maintain Facebook Artist Pages. Further focus was placed on investigating the role of Facebook Artist Pages in building fame. To explore such motivations, two theories were referenced: Deci...
Inquiry into the cause of men's premature mortality has been historically framed in a biological deterministic perspective. This research takes an alternative view whereby the possible interactions of psychosocial variables with men's health promoting and health seeking behaviors are examined using cross-sectional survey data with older men. Specifically, this research...
This thesis investigates the reported communication experiences of married women transitioning to motherhood. The study involves a series of focus groups in which new mothers share their communicative experiences, explaining how they are navigating their new roles as mothers while also performing roles as wives, daughters, and workers. Informed primarily...
This paper outlines a model of human development to
help guide contemplative practice in parenting and
facilitate prayerful understanding of parent-child
development with a focus upon one's own parent-child
relationship.
The model draws from the tree of life symbolism
represented by the cross and the spiral and further
elaborated through...
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of dress and queer women and how their sexual identity influences their appearance management behaviors. I answered the following research questions: (1) How is gender identity constructed and negotiated in different spaces for queer? (2) Does sexual identity influence dress...
Offering courses that promote, encourage, and support physical activity among college students has been an aim of physical education departments for the past century (Sargeant, 1900). Even so, this population has been identified in Healthy People 2010 as a target population segment in need of physical activity intervention. Historically, such...
According to Blackwell, Miniard, and Engel (2001), "[c]ulture has a profound effect on why and how people buy and consume products and services" (p. 320). In the present study, Hofstede's classifications of national culture are used as a framework to examine the relationships among long-term orientation national culture (Taiwan and...
In recent decades, there has been a tremendous change in the college student
experience. In many ways this change has been driven by developments in
technology, which have in turn changed the way students conduct research,
socialize, and recreate. This thesis seeks to gain an understanding as to how
Internet...
The purpose of this study was to compare the levels of bone
mineral density (BMD) of the whole body (WB) and proximal
femurs of physically active men with spinal cord injuries (SCI) to
nonactive men with spinal cord injuries. Also, the lean muscle
mass (LMM) of active men with SCI...
Studies in young women show that rowing exercise is osteogenic at the spine. However, little is known regarding rowing exercise and spine bone mineral density in older women. The aim of this study was to examine differences in spine bone mineral density (BMD) and back strength between premenopausal and postmenopausal...
Eliminating physical activity disparities among ethnic minorities in the U.S. is important. Cultural differences have been found to be plausible contributing factors associated with such disparities. Therefore it is important to investigate and understand the mechanisms by which diverse aspects of cultural experiences affect physical activity participation among ethnic minorities,...
To determine if 6 weeks prior supplementation with vitamins E and C
could alleviate exercise-induced DNA damage, prevent lipid peroxidation and
inflammation, slow the rate of vitamin E utilization and/or attenuate muscle
damage, 22 subjects (11 females: 11 males) were studied during a 50 km (32
mile) ultramarathon. Subjects were...
The present research sought to investigate the relationship between an individual's word choice and their social well-being. In the present investigation, social well-being is a person's social health in relation to their social environment, social network, and ability to interact with others in a social context. This thesis was based...
An ability to meet the changing demands associated with development
promotes purpose in life, a defining feature of psychological well-being. Midlife
adults consistently report higher purpose in life compared to older adults. However,
less is known about the dynamics of purpose in life in the transition from middle to
older...
There are between one and two million
occurrences of head injuries in this country each
year causing an estimated 140,000 deaths. Fifty to
seventy thousand who survive are left with such
intellectual impairment as to preclude returning to a
normal life. The purpose of this study is to
investigate the...
Alzheimer's disease, a chronic and irreversible form of
dementia, has been recognized as one of the most critical
medical-social-economic problems facing our country. As
Alzheimer's disease and other related dementias progress,
the patient becomes increasingly dependent upon family and
natural support systems to provide care. This dependency
can place the...
The present study was a part of a larger research project
investigating the relationships between perceived clothing
deprivation and selected social-psychological, socio-economic,
and social participation variables among high school students.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the
effects of clothing values and selected demographic
characteristics on perceived...
Health officials have recently been sounding the alarm that depression will soon
surpass many of the major medical conditions in causing disability among adults. Recent
demographic and health trends are generating public health concern about depression.
First, the prevalence of chronic conditions has dramatically increased over the last several
generations....
The purposes of this study were to determine
relationships between burnout and selected demographic
and job-related variables and to identify burnout coping
strategies commonly used by teacher-coaches in public
secondary schools. A volunteer sample of 193 teacher-coaches
responded to a three-section questionnaire
composed of the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Jaloweic...
Two hundred twenty male students randomly selected
during Spring semester 1988 from each of two Saudi Arabian
universities, King Faisal and King Fand, were administered
a three-part attitude measurement instrument and a fourpart
Health-Related Physical Fitness Test. The attitude
measurement instrument, derived from the McDonald Attitude
Inventory and the Wear...